C警告: initialization makes pointer from integer without a cast [enabled by default]

Question

所以，我有这个代码:

/*
*    CXenon VM v0.0.0
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdbool.h>

#define IADD 1          // integer add
#define ISUB 2          // integer substract
#define IMUL 3          // integer multiply
#define IDIV 4          // integer divide
#define ILT 5           // integer less than
#define IEQ 6           // integer equals
#define BR 7
#define BRT 8
#define BRF 9
#define ICONST 10       // integer constant
#define LOAD 11         // load from data memory
#define GLOAD 12        // global load from data memory
#define STORE 13        // store in data memory
#define GSTORE 14       // global store in data memory
#define PRINT 15        // print
#define PRINTLN 16      // print with trailing newline
#define POP 17          // pop from stack
#define CALL 18         // call function
#define RET 19
#define FADD 20
#define FSUB 21
#define FMUL 22
#define FDIV 23
#define FCONST 24
#define FLT 25
#define FEQ 26
#define FMT 27
#define FNEQ 28
#define IMT 29
#define INEQ 30
#define BCONST 31
#define BEQ 32
#define BNEQ 33
#define BTRUE 34
#define BFALSE 35
#define HALT 36

char* opcodes[] = {
    "",
    "IADD",
    "ISUB",
    "IMULL",
    "IDIV",
    "ILT",
    "IEQ",
    "BR",
    "BRT",
    "BRF",
    "ICONST",
    "LOAD",
    "GLOAD",
    "STORE",
    "GSTORE",
    "PRINT",
    "PRINTLN",
    "POP",
    "CALL",
    "RET",
    "FADD",
    "FSUB",
    "FMUL",
    "FDIV",
    "FCONST",
    "FLT",
    "FEQ",
    "FMT",
    "FNEQ",
    "IMT",
    "INEQ",
    "BCONST",
    "BEQ",
    "BNEQ",
    "BTRUE",
    "BFALSE",
    "HALT"
};

struct stack_base{
    char* somechars;
    char achar;
    int anint;
    float afloat;
    bool abool;
};

int vm_cpu(struct stack_base* code, bool trace, int datasize){

    struct stack_base stack[100];
    struct stack_base data[datasize];

    int ip = 0; // instructionpointer
    int fp; // framepointer
    int sp = -1; // stackpointer
    int v;
    int addr;
    int nargs;
    int rvalue;
    int a, b;
    float fv;
    float fa, fb;
    bool bv;
    bool ba, bb;

    int opcode = code[ip].anint; // fetch
    int size = sizeof(code); // declares size of code
    //bool trace = false;

    while(ip < size){

        if(trace){
            printf("%04d: %s\n",ip, opcodes[opcode]); // prints trace
        }

        ip++;
        switch(opcode){
            case ICONST:
                v = code[ip].anint;
                ip++;
                sp++;
                stack[sp].anint = v;
                break;
            case ISUB:
                b = stack[sp--].anint;
                a = stack[sp--].anint;
                stack[++sp].anint = a - b;
                break;
            case IADD:
                b = stack[sp--].anint;
                a = stack[sp--].anint;
                stack[++sp].anint = a + b;
                break;
            case IMUL:
                b = stack[sp--].anint;
                a = stack[sp--].anint;
                stack[++sp].anint = a * b;
                break;
            case IDIV:
                b = stack[sp--].anint;
                a = stack[sp--].anint;
                stack[++sp].anint = a/b;
                break;
            case ILT:
                b = stack[sp--].anint;
                a = stack[sp--].anint;
                if(a > b){
                    stack[++sp].abool = true;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    stack[++sp].abool = false;
                    break;
                }
            case IMT:
                b = stack[sp--].anint;
                a = stack[sp--].anint;
                if(a < b){
                    stack[++sp].abool = true;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    stack[++sp].abool = false;
                    break;
                }
            case IEQ:
                b = stack[sp--].anint;
                a = stack[sp--].anint;
                if(a == b){
                    stack[++sp].abool = true;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    stack[++sp].abool = false;
                    break;
                }
            case INEQ:
                b = stack[sp--].anint;
                a = stack[sp--].anint;
                if(a != b){
                    stack[++sp].abool = true;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    stack[++sp].abool = false;
                    break;
                }
            case FCONST:
                fv = code[ip].afloat;
                ip++;
                sp++;
                stack[sp].afloat = fv;
                break;
            case FSUB:
                fb = stack[sp--].afloat;
                fa = stack[sp--].afloat;
                stack[++sp].afloat = fa + fb;
                break;
            case FADD:
                fb = stack[sp--].afloat;
                fa = stack[sp--].afloat;
                stack[++sp].afloat = fa + fb;
                break;
            case FMUL:
                fb = stack[sp--].afloat;
                fa = stack[sp--].afloat;
                stack[++sp].afloat = fa * fb;
                break;
            case FDIV:
                fb = stack[sp--].afloat;
                fa = stack[sp--].afloat;
                stack[++sp].afloat = fa/fb;
                break;
            case FEQ:
                fb = stack[sp--].afloat;
                fa = stack[sp--].afloat;
                if(fa == fb){
                    stack[++sp].abool = true;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    stack[++sp].abool = false;
                    break;
                }
            case FLT:
                fb = stack[sp--].afloat;
                fa = stack[sp--].afloat;
                if(fa > fb){
                    stack[++sp].abool = true;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    stack[++sp].abool = false;
                    break;
                }
            case FMT:
                fb = stack[sp--].afloat;
                fa = stack[sp--].afloat;
                if(fa < fb){
                    stack[++sp].abool = true;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    stack[++sp].abool = false;
                    break;
                }
            case FNEQ:
                fb = stack[sp--].afloat;
                fa = stack[sp--].afloat;
                if(fa != fb){
                    stack[++sp].abool = true;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    stack[++sp].abool = false;
                    break;
                }
            case BCONST:
                bv = code[ip].anint;
                ip++;
                sp++;
                if(bv == BTRUE){
                    stack[sp].abool = true;
                    break;
                }
                else if(bv == BFALSE){
                    stack[sp].abool = false;
                    break;
                }
            case BNEQ:
                bb = stack[sp--].abool;
                ba = stack[sp--].abool;
                if(ba == bb){
                    stack[++sp].abool = true;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    stack[++sp].abool = false;
                    break;
                }
            case BEQ:
                bb = stack[sp--].abool;
                ba = stack[sp--].abool;
                if(ba != bb){
                    stack[++sp].abool = true;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    stack[++sp].abool = false;
                    break;
                }
            case PRINT:
                v = stack[sp].anint;
                sp--;
                printf("%i", v);
                break;
            case PRINTLN:
                //v = stack[sp].anint;
                //fv = stack[sp].afloat;
                bv = stack[sp].abool;
                sp--;
                printf("%d\n", bv);
                break;
            case GLOAD:
                addr = code[ip].anint;
                ip++;
                v = data[addr].anint;
                sp++;
                stack[sp].anint = v;
                break;
            case GSTORE:
                v = stack[sp].anint;
                sp--;
                addr = code[ip].anint;
                ip++;
                data[addr].anint = v;
                break;
            case CALL:
                addr = code[ip++].anint;
                nargs = code[ip++].anint;
                stack[++sp].anint = nargs;
                stack[++sp].anint = fp;
                stack[++sp].anint = ip;
                fp = sp;
                ip = addr;
                break;
            case RET:
                rvalue = stack[sp--].anint;
                sp = fp;
                ip = stack[sp--].anint;
                fp = stack[sp--].anint;
                nargs = stack[sp--].anint;
                sp -= nargs;
                stack[sp++].anint = rvalue;
                break;
            case HALT:
                return 0;
                break;
        }
        opcode = code[ip].anint;
    }

}

void main(){
    struct stack_base hello[] = {
        BCONST, BTRUE,
        BCONST, BTRUE,
        BNEQ,
        PRINTLN,
        HALT
    };
    vm_cpu(hello, true, 4);
}

当我编译该代码时，出现以下错误:

thewatcher@thewatcher ~/Xenon/CXenon/src $ gcc main.c -o test
main.c: In function ‘main’:
main.c:402:9: warning: initialization makes pointer from integer without a cast [enabled by default]
         BCONST, BTRUE,
         ^
main.c:402:9: warning: (near initialization for ‘hello[0].somechars’) [enabled by default]
main.c:405:9: warning: initialization makes pointer from integer without a cast [enabled by default]
         PRINTLN,
         ^
main.c:405:9: warning: (near initialization for ‘hello[1].somechars’) [enabled by default]

我不明白为什么会发生这种情况，也不知道如何解决这个问题。有人可以帮助我吗？

Answer 1

主函数中的结构成员初始化与结构定义不同。您的结构成员应该像这样初始化。

struct stack_base hello[] = {
        {
            "hey there",'a',22,11,true
        },
        {
            "thank you",'b',11,11,false
        },
        {
            "hello",'c',11,11,true
        }
  };

下面一行，

int size = sizeof(code);

code只是一个指向结构的指针，其大小始终为 4(较旧的系统)或 8(较新的系统)字节。我猜您正在尝试查找 hello[] 中的成员数量结构数组。在这种情况下，您必须将此数字作为函数单独传递给 vm_cpu函数或使用一些逻辑来确定 vm_cpu 函数中的这个数字。如果您不想通过否。成员作为参数，初始化 main 中的结构fn 如下:

struct stack_base hello[] = {
        {
            "abc",'a',11,11,true
        },
        {
            "abc",'a',11,11,true
        },
        {
            "abc",'a',11,11,true
        },NULL
};

并且在vm_cpu函数中，使用以下逻辑来查找否。结构数组元素。

int size = 0;
    struct stack_base *ptr = code;

    while(ptr[size].somechars) {
        size++;
        ptr++;
    }
    size--;
    printf("The no. of elements of structure array: %d\n", size);