c - 分割长字符串

Question

我有一个存档 results.csv，我需要读取该存档的前两行，拆分第二行并将其打印在 output.txt 上。不知怎的，它没有打印任何东西，但我不知道原因。

我没有添加我确信没问题的功能。

命令:a.c results.csv

第一行:日期、home_team、away_team、home_score、away_score、锦标赛、城市、国家、中立

第二行:18721130,苏格兰,英格兰,0,0,友好,格拉斯哥,苏格兰,FALSE

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>

typedef struct
{
    char *line1;
    long int date;
    char *h_team;
    char *a_team;
    int gols_h_team;
    int gols_a_team;
    char *reason;
    char *city;
    char *country;
    char *neutral_field;

}Data;

void alloc_Data(Data *d, int size)
{
d->line1 = (char*)malloc(50*sizeof(char)); 
d->h_team = (char*)malloc(30*sizeof(char)); 
d->a_team = (char*)malloc(30*sizeof(char)); 
d->reason = (char*)malloc(30*sizeof(char)); 
d->city = (char*)malloc(30*sizeof(char)); 
d->country = (char*)malloc(30*sizeof(char)); 
d->neutral_field = (char*)malloc(9*sizeof(char)); 
}

void store(Data *d, FILE *input, FILE *output, int size)
{

    fscanf(input,  "%s", d[0].line1);
    fprintf(output,  "%s\n", d[0].line1);

    for(int i = 1; i < size; i++)
    {
        fscanf(input, "%li,%[^,]s%[^,]s%d,%d,%[^,]s%[^,]s%[^,]s%[^,]s", &d[i].date, d[i].h_team, d[i].a_team, &d[i].gols_h_team, &d[i].gols_a_team, d[i].reason, d[i].city, d[i].country, d[i].neutral_field );
        fprintf(output, "%li,%s,%s,%d,%d,%s,%s,%s,%s\n", d[i].date, d[i].h_team, d[i].a_team, d[i].gols_h_team, d[i].gols_a_team, d[i].reason, d[i].city, d[i].country, d[i].neutral_field );

    }

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    FILE *input;
    FILE *output;
    char *string = "output.txt";
    int size = 2;

    open_input(argv, &input);   
    open_output(string, &output);   

    Data *d;
    d = (Data*)malloc(size*sizeof(Data)); 
    alloc_Data(d, size);

    store(d, input, output, size);

    free(d);

    return 0;
}

Answer 1

OP 的 fscanf() 格式困惑，%[^,] 后面有一个 s 并且缺少 ,。 @Gem Taylor

更好的选择是使用 fgets() 读取所有行。 (包括第一个)

// fscanf(input, "%li,%[^,]s%[^,]s%d,%d,%[^,]s%[^,]s%[^,]s%[^,]s",...d[i].neutral_field );

#define EXPECTED_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE 150
char buffer[EXPECTED_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE * 2];  // suggest using 2x expected max size
if (fgets(buffer, sizeof buffer, input)) {

然后使用 sscanf() 解析团队结果。在末尾使用 "%n" 是测试整个 sscanf() 是否成功且没有额外垃圾的简单方法。 sscanf() 应该受到宽度限制，复杂的扫描可以通过一些定义来管理说明符。注意 "%29[^,]"

之后没有 s

    int n = 0;
    #define FDat "%li ,"
    #define FScr "%d ,"
    #define Ftxt " %29[^,],"
    #define Fneu " %8[^,]"
    sscanf(buffer, FDat Ftxt Ftxt FScr FScr Ftxt Ftxt Ftxt Fneu " %n", 
        &d[i].date, d[i].h_team, d[i].a_team, 
        &d[i].gols_h_team, &d[i].gols_a_team, 
        d[i].reason, d[i].city, d[i].country, d[i].neutral_field, &n);

    if (n > 0 && buffer[n] == '\0') {
      // success
      fprintf(output, ...
    } else {
      // bad input
    }