c# - 是否可以用 Linq 替换这个 foreach 循环？

Question

我有一个 foreach 循环，我想用 Linq 查询替换它，但我一直无法弄清楚如何编写查询。请参阅下面的示例和 TIA。

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

namespace ConsoleApplication
{
    class ExampleProgram
    {
        static void Main( string[] args )
        {
            Device device = new Device();

            // The goal is to populate this list.
            var list1 = new List<IMemory>();

            // I would like to replace this loop with a Linq query
            foreach( MemoryBank memoryBank in device.MemoryBanks )
            {               
                list1.Add( memoryBank ); // add the memory bank

                foreach( MemoryBlock memoryBlock in memoryBank.MemoryBlocks )
                    list1.Add( memoryBlock ); // add the memory block
            }

            //var list2 = from memoryBank in device.MemoryBanks
            //            from memoryBlock in memoryBank.MemoryBlocks
            //            select ???;
        }
    }

    interface IMemory 
    {}

    public class Device
    { 
        public IList<MemoryBank> MemoryBanks { get; set; } 
    }

    public class MemoryBank : MemoryBlock, IMemory
    {
        public IList<MemoryBlock> MemoryBlocks { get; set; } 
    }

    public class MemoryBlock : IMemory 
    { }
}

Answer 1

你可以这样做:

var list1 = device.MemoryBanks
                  .SelectMany(m => new[] { m }.Concat(m.MemoryBlocks))
                  .ToList();

请注意，这将创建一个 List<MemoryBlock>而不是 List<IMemory>就像你的样本一样。要列出接口(interface)类型，请最后调用 ToList<IMemory>() .

编辑:

在 .NET 3.5 中，IEnumerable<T>接口(interface)不是协变的，你可以这样做:

var list1 = device.MemoryBanks
                  .SelectMany(m => new IMemory[] { m }
                                       .Concat(m.MemoryBlocks.Cast<IMemory>()))
                  .ToList();