c - Malloc 信号 : SIGABRT (signal SIGABRT) problem

Question

我的代码在使用 malloc 时遇到问题。直到一个小时前它一直运行良好。它导致这一行

                    temp2 = (Temp*)malloc(sizeof(Temp));

我尝试删除 (Temp*) 以查看是否有帮助，但没有效果。当我搜索我的错误消息时，它是

untitled8(15926,0x1141ae5c0) malloc: Incorrect checksum for freed object 0x7fbff3c032e8: probably modified after being freed.
Corrupt value: 0x742e7962616c6c61
untitled8(15926,0x1141ae5c0) malloc: *** set a breakpoint in malloc_error_break to debug
Signal: SIGABRT (signal SIGABRT)

我从互联网上找到的答案与 free() 有关，但在我释放任何 malloced 变量之前它出错了。

我有main.c、task1.c和task.2，还有3个头文件，下面的代码来自task1.c。从来不想发布这么长的代码，但由于我对另一部分使用了 malloc，所以我也希望对其进行检查...对于提前阅读代码带来的任何不便，我们深表歉意。

typedef struct histogramTemp {
    char *words;
    int count;
    struct histogramTemp *next;
} HistogramTemp;

typedef struct temp{
    char c;
    struct temp *next;
} Temp;


HistogramTemp *task1(FILE *fp, char *fname){

    char textfile, *string = NULL;

    Temp *tempHead = NULL, *temp1, *temp2;
    HistogramTemp *uniqueWordTemp = NULL, *headTemp, *uniqueWordTempHead = NULL;


    if(fp == NULL){
        printf("\n\n!! Error in opening file !!\n");
        printf("Program will proceed with defult 'australia.txt' file. \n");

        FILE *defultFp;
        defultFp = fopen("/Users/katyang/CLionProjects/untitled8/australia.txt", "r");

        fp = defultFp;

    }

    while((textfile = fgetc(fp))!=EOF){

        // save temporary word as a separate char linked list 'Temp', and save it to 'string' as a whole word

        if (isupper(textfile)>0) {
            temp1 = (Temp*)malloc(sizeof(Temp));
            temp1->c = textfile;

            temp1->next = tempHead;
            tempHead = temp1;

            int i=0;
            while(tempHead != NULL){
                string = malloc(30*sizeof(char));
                strcpy(&string[i],&tempHead->c);
                i++;
                tempHead = tempHead->next;
            }

            while ((textfile = fgetc(fp))!=EOF) {
                if (isalpha(textfile)>0 && !(isupper(textfile))) {
                    temp2 = (Temp*)malloc(sizeof(Temp));
                    temp2->c = textfile;

                    temp2->next = tempHead;
                    tempHead = temp2;

                    while(tempHead != NULL){
                        strcpy(&string[i],&tempHead->c);
                        i++;
                        tempHead = tempHead->next;
                    }
                }

                // use 'string', make Histogram
                if(isupper(textfile) || !isalpha(textfile)){

                    int flag=0;
                    int commonWordsFlag=0;

                    // check if the words are in the commonWords list
                    for (int j = 0; j < 122 ; j++) {
                        if (strcmp(string, commonwords[j])==0){
                            commonWordsFlag++;
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    if((strlen(string)<3) || (commonWordsFlag == 1)){
                        break;
                    }

                    headTemp = uniqueWordTempHead;

                    // compare string to uniqueWordTemp
                    while (uniqueWordTempHead != NULL){

                        // increment count if the word is in Histogram
                        if(strcmp(uniqueWordTempHead->words, string)==0){
                            uniqueWordTempHead->count++;
                            flag++;
                            uniqueWordTempHead=uniqueWordTempHead->next;
                        }else{
                            uniqueWordTempHead=uniqueWordTempHead->next;
                            continue;
                        }
                    }

                    // create new node if the word is not in Histogram
                    if ((uniqueWordTempHead == NULL) && (flag == 0)){
                        uniqueWordTempHead = headTemp;

                        uniqueWordTemp = (HistogramTemp*)malloc(sizeof(HistogramTemp));
                        uniqueWordTemp->words = string;
                        uniqueWordTemp->count=1;

                        // insert in head
                        uniqueWordTemp ->next = uniqueWordTempHead;
                        uniqueWordTempHead = uniqueWordTemp;

                    }else{
                        uniqueWordTempHead = uniqueWordTemp;
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }


    createNewFile(fname, uniqueWordTempHead);

    free(string);
    free(tempHead);
    return(uniqueWordTempHead);

}

所以，我希望将 temp2 中的数据保存为字符串。它似乎在调试，这很奇怪。我调试时没有问题，但每次执行程序时我的程序都以退出代码 11 结束。

编辑我添加了一个 main.c 和一个 task1() 头文件以获取更多信息。

main.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "task1.h"
#include "task2.h"


int main() {

    FILE *fp;
    char *fname = malloc(sizeof(char));
    printf("\n\n:::::::::::::: TASK 1 ::::::::::::::\n\nPlease Enter the Full Path of the file: \n");
    scanf("%s", fname);
    fp = fopen( fname , "r");

    task1(fp, fname);
    HistogramTemp *uniqueWordTempHead = task1(fp, fname);
    task2(fp, fname);



    free(fname);
    free(uniqueWordTempHead);
    return 0;

}

头文件

#ifndef UNTITLED8_TASK1_H
#define UNTITLED8_TASK1_H
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>


typedef struct histogramTemp {
    char *words;
    int count;
    struct histogramTemp *next;
} HistogramTemp;

typedef struct temp{
    char c;
    struct temp *next;
} Temp;

HistogramTemp *task1(FILE *fp, char *fname);

int countHistogram (HistogramTemp *head);
void printHistogram (HistogramTemp *head, FILE *fp);
void createNewFile(char *userFilename, HistogramTemp *head);



#endif //UNTITLED8_TASK1_H

Answer 1

您不能仅将 char 附加到“字符串”，如下所示:

    strcpy(&string[i],&tempHead->c);

strcpy() 需要一个指向“字符串”的第一个 char 的指针作为第二个参数。在 C 中，“字符串”是一个由 char 组成的数组，其中至少有一个 char 等于 '\0' >.

使用

    string[i] = tempHead->c;

而是通过执行以下操作来终止字符串

  string[i] = '\0';

也在这里

          while(tempHead != NULL){
            string = malloc(30*sizeof(char));

string get allocate to，每次迭代都会覆盖上一次迭代中收到的点。这会导致巨大的内存泄漏。

更多的循环外分配。

所以这个

        while(tempHead != NULL){
            string = malloc(30*sizeof(char));
            strcpy(&string[i],&tempHead->c);
            i++;
            tempHead = tempHead->next;
        }

看起来像这样

        string = malloc(30*sizeof(char));
        i = 0;
        while(tempHead != NULL && i < 29){ // one less to be able to store the '0' terminator
            string[i] = tempHead->c;
            i++;
            tempHead = tempHead->next;
        }
        string[i] = '\0';  // store the '0' terminator