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javascript - 使用 CET 作为默认时区在 javascript 中解析日期

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-11-30 14:29:49 25 4
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我有一些遗留的网络服务有时不会本地化日期。有时他们会这样做,所以我必须支持这两种情况。

它们应始终使用意大利的语言环境(标准时间为 UTC+1,夏令时为 UTC+2),但有时它们返回的日期会在日期 ISO 字符串末尾省略时区。

例如,意大利新年应该是 2018-01-01T00:00:00+0100 而他们只返回 2018-01-01T00 :00:00

这会导致 Javascript 出现不良行为,尤其是在处理其他时区的截止日期和客户时。

我希望能够编写一段代码来解析 ISO 格式的日期字符串,如果没有指定时区则假定为意大利本地化。

我的代码几乎没问题(它不解析毫秒,但我可以忍受),不幸的是,当浏览器在没有夏令时的时区执行时,它悲惨地失败了。我应该怎么办?我错过了什么吗?

提前致谢

/**
* Get the local timezone using standard time (no daylight saving time).
*/
Date.prototype.stdTimezoneOffset = function() {
var jan = new Date(this.getFullYear(), 0, 1);
var jul = new Date(this.getFullYear(), 6, 1);
return Math.max(jan.getTimezoneOffset(), jul.getTimezoneOffset());
}

/**
* Check whether current time is daylight saving time.
*/
Date.prototype.isDst = function() {
return this.getTimezoneOffset() < this.stdTimezoneOffset();
}

/**
* Check whether daylight saving time is observed in current timezone.
*/
Date.prototype.isDstObserved = function() {
var jan = new Date(this.getFullYear(), 0, 1);
var jul = new Date(this.getFullYear(), 6, 1);
return jan.getTimezoneOffset() != jul.getTimezoneOffset();
}

/**
* Cross-browser parse of a date using CET as default timezone.
*/
Date.parseFromCET = function(str) {
if (str == null) return null;

// split the input string into an array of integers
var a = str.split(/[^0-9]/)
.map(function(s) {
return parseInt(s, 10)
});

var b = new Date(
a[0], // yyyy
a[1] - 1 || 0, // MM
a[2] || 1, // dd
a[3] || 0, // hh
a[4] || 0, // mm
a[5] || 0 // ss
);

// if no timezone is present, force to CET
if (str.lastIndexOf('-') <= 7 && str.indexOf('+') == -1 && str.indexOf('Z') == -1) {
var CET_timezone_offset = b.isDst() ? '+0200' : '+0100'
var isoString = a[0] + '-' + a[1] + '-' + a[2] + 'T' +
a[3] + ':' + a[4] + ':' + a[5] + CET_timezone_offset;
return Date.parseFromCET(isoString);
}

// remove local timezone offset to go from UTC time to local time
b.setMinutes(b.getMinutes() - b.getTimezoneOffset());

// add/remove forced timezone offset to calculate exact local time
if (str.indexOf('+') > -1) {
let hours = Math.floor(a[a.length - 1] / 100);
let minutes = a[a.length - 1] % 100;
b.setMinutes(b.getMinutes() - minutes);
b.setHours(b.getHours() - hours);
}
if (str.lastIndexOf('-') > 7) {
let hours = Math.floor(a[a.length - 1] / 100);
let minutes = a[a.length - 1] % 100;
b.setMinutes(b.getMinutes() + minutes);
b.setHours(b.getHours() + hours);
}
return b;
}

最佳答案

时间戳与 ECMA-262 中的格式不一致,因为它在偏移量中缺少一个冒号。因此解析依赖于实现,您可能会得到一个无效日期(例如在 Safari 中)。

罗马的标准偏移量是 +01:00。夏令时从 3 月最后一个星期日的 02:00 开始(更改为 +02:00),到 10 月最后一个星期日的 02:00 结束(返回 +01:00)。

请注意,历史上已经发生了变化。意大利于 1916 年开始使用夏令时,但也有一段时间没有遵守。自 1965 年以来一直在观察,所以只要您的日期在此之后,您就不必担心过去的变化,只担心 future 的变化。

以下是一种解决方法,它需要更多的测试并且应该对输入字符串和生成的 Date 对象进行验证。您可能还应该处理时区“Z”。

如果您要经常这样做,管理时区的库将大有帮助,因为它还应该处理过去和 future 的历史变化。

/** Get a Date for the last Sunday of the month
* @param {number|string} year - year for month
* @param {number|string} month - calendar month number, 1 = Jan, 2 = Feb, etc.
* @returns {Date} date for last Sunday for given year and month
*/
function getLastSunday(year, month) {
// Date for last day of month
var d = new Date(Date.UTC(year, month, 0));
// Adjust to previous Sunday
d.setUTCDate(d.getUTCDate() - d.getUTCDay());
return d;
}

/** Return a date set to the UTC start of Italian DST
* Starts at +0300 UTC on the last Sunday in March
*
* @param {number|string} year to get start of DST for
* @returns {Date} set to start date and +0300Z
*/
function getDSTStart(year) {
var d = getLastSunday(year, 3);
d.setUTCHours(3);
return d;
}

/** Return a date set to the UTC end of Italian DST
* Ends at +0400 UTC on the last Sunday in October
*
* @param {number|string} year to get start of DST for
* @returns {Date} set to start date and +0400Z
*/
function getDSTEnd(year) {
var d = getLastSunday(year, 10);
d.setUTCHours(4);
return d;
}

/** Given a year, month, day and hour, return
* true or false depending on whether DST is
* being observed in Italy.
* Use UTC to avoid local influences, assume standard time
*
* @param {number|string} year - subject year
* @param {number|string} month - subject calendar month
* @param {number|string} day - subject day
* @param {number|string} hour - subject hour
* @returns {number} offset for provided date and time
*/
function getItalianOffset(year, month, day, hour) {
var d = new Date(Date.UTC(year, month-1, day, +hour + 1));
return d >= getDSTStart(year) && d < getDSTEnd(year)? '+0200' : '+0100';
}

/** Convert offset in format +0000 to minutes
* EMCAScript offset has opposite sign
*
* @param {string} offset - in format +/-HHmm
* @reaturns {number} offset in minutes, + for west, - for east
*/
function offsetToMins(offset) {
sign = /^\+/.test(offset)? -1 : 1;
tz = 60 * offset.slice(-4, -2) + (1 * offset.slice(-2));
tz *= sign;
return tz;
}

/** Parse timestamp that may or may not have a timezone.
* If no timezone, assume Italian timezone (+0100), adjusting for
* daylight saving.
* DST starts at +0300Z on last Sunday in March
* DST ends at +0400Z on last Sunday in October
* 2018-01-01T00:00:00+0100 or 2018-01-01T00:00:00
*/
function parseItalianDate(s) {
var b = s.split(/\D/);
var hasTz = /[+-]\d{4}$/.test(s);
var d, sign, tz;

// If has offset, get from string
// Otherwise, calculate offset
if (hasTz) {
tz = s.slice(-5);
} else {
tz = getItalianOffset(b[0], b[1], b[2], b[3]);
}

// Create Date using correct offset
d = new Date(Date.UTC(b[0], b[1]-1, b[2], b[3], b[4], b[5]));
d.setUTCMinutes(d.getUTCMinutes() + offsetToMins(tz));

return d;
}

// Tests
['2018-01-01T00:00:00', // New year
'2018-03-25T01:00:00', // One hour before change over
'2018-03-25T03:00:00', // One hour after change over
'2018-03-25T01:00:00+0100',// As above but with timzone offset
'2018-03-25T03:00:00+0200',
'2018-10-27T03:00:00', // Still in DST
'2018-10-28T03:00:00', // After DST ended
'2018-10-28T03:00:00+0100'
].forEach(function(s) {
console.log(`${s} => ${formatDate(parseItalianDate(s))}`);
});

// Helper to format a date in Europe/Rome timezone
function formatDate(d) {
return d.toLocaleString('en-GB',{
year : 'numeric',
month : 'short',
day : '2-digit',
weekday: 'short',
hour : '2-digit',
minute : '2-digit',
second : '2-digit',
hour12 : 'false',
timeZone: 'Europe/Rome',
timeZoneName: 'short'
});
}

关于javascript - 使用 CET 作为默认时区在 javascript 中解析日期,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51388638/

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