c# - VS 2015 动态菜单命令不像宣传的那样工作

Question

我正在尝试在 VS 2015 扩展中创建动态菜单项。我能做的最好的事情就是让占位符命令可见并处于事件状态。这是我可以从 VS 向导开始创建的最小示例(抱歉，长度太长，但这确实是我可以创建的最小示例):

Command1Package.cs:

using Microsoft.VisualStudio;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell;
using System;
using System.ComponentModel.Design;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace minimal {
    [PackageRegistration(UseManagedResourcesOnly = true)]
    [InstalledProductRegistration("#110", "#112", "1.0", IconResourceID = 400)] // Info on this package for Help/About
    [ProvideMenuResource("Menus.ctmenu", 1)]
    [Guid(Command1Package.PackageGuidString)]
    [ProvideAutoLoad(VSConstants.UICONTEXT.NoSolution_string)]
    [SuppressMessage("StyleCop.CSharp.DocumentationRules", "SA1650:ElementDocumentationMustBeSpelledCorrectly", Justification = "pkgdef, VS and vsixmanifest are valid VS terms")]
    public sealed class Command1Package : Package {
        public const string PackageGuidString = "3e88287b-7b79-403d-ae8d-3329af218869";
        public Command1Package() {
            }

        #region Package Members

        protected override void Initialize() {
            Debug.WriteLine("minimal package instantiated");
            Command1.Initialize(this, GetService(typeof(IMenuCommandService)) as OleMenuCommandService);
            base.Initialize();
            }

        #endregion
        }
    }

Command1.cs:

using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell;
using System;
using System.ComponentModel.Design;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace minimal {
    internal sealed class Command1 {
        public static readonly Guid CommandSet = new Guid("c1388361-6429-452c-8ba0-580d292ef0ca");
        private Command1() {
            }

        public static void Initialize(Package package, OleMenuCommandService mcs) {
            AddOneCommand(mcs, 0x0100, "Renamed placeholder command");  // the placeholder
            AddOneCommand(mcs, 0x0101, "Dynamic command 1"); // a dynamic command
            AddOneCommand(mcs, 0x0102, "Dynamic command 2");
            }

        internal static void AddOneCommand(OleMenuCommandService mcs, uint cmdid, string cmdname) {
            Debug.WriteLine("AddOneCommand" + cmdid.ToString("X4"));
            CommandID id = new CommandID(CommandSet, (int) cmdid);
            OleMenuCommand mc = new OleMenuCommand(new EventHandler(MenuItemCallback), id, cmdname);
            mc.BeforeQueryStatus += OnBeforeQueryStatus;
            mcs.AddCommand(mc);
            }

        private static void OnBeforeQueryStatus(object sender, EventArgs e) {
            OleMenuCommand mc = sender as OleMenuCommand;
            Debug.WriteLine("OnBeforeQueryStatus called for " + mc.CommandID.ToString());
            }

        private static void MenuItemCallback(object sender, EventArgs e) {
            OleMenuCommand mc = sender as OleMenuCommand;
            System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("MenuItemCallback called for " + mc.CommandID.ToString());
            }
        }
    }

Command1Package.vsct:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<CommandTable xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/2005-10-18/CommandTable" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <Extern href="stdidcmd.h"/>
    <Extern href="vsshlids.h"/>

    <Commands package="guidCommand1Package">

        <Groups>
            <Group guid="guidCommand1PackageCmdSet" id="MyMenuGroup" priority="0x0600">
                <Parent guid="guidSHLMainMenu" id="IDM_VS_MENU_TOOLS"/>
            </Group>
            <Group guid="guidCommand1PackageCmdSet" id="MyMenuSubgroup" priority="0x0100">
                <Parent guid="guidCommand1PackageCmdSet" id="SubMenu"/>
            </Group>
        </Groups>

        <Menus>
            <Menu guid="guidCommand1PackageCmdSet" id="SubMenu" priority="0x0100" type="Menu">
                <Parent guid="guidCommand1PackageCmdSet" id="MyMenuGroup"/>
                <Strings>
                    <ButtonText>Minimal commands</ButtonText>
                    <CommandName>MinimalCommands</CommandName>
                </Strings>
            </Menu>
        </Menus>

        <Buttons>
            <Button guid="guidCommand1PackageCmdSet" id="Command1Id" priority="0x0100" type="Button">
                <Parent guid="guidCommand1PackageCmdSet" id="MyMenuSubgroup" />
                <CommandFlag>DynamicItemStart</CommandFlag>
                <CommandFlag>TextChanges</CommandFlag>
                <CommandFlag>DynamicVisibility</CommandFlag>
                <Strings>
                    <ButtonText>Invoke Command1</ButtonText>
                    <CommandName>Command1</CommandName>
                </Strings>
            </Button>
        </Buttons>

    </Commands>

    <Symbols>
        <GuidSymbol name="guidCommand1Package" value="{3e88287b-7b79-403d-ae8d-3329af218869}" />
        <GuidSymbol name="guidCommand1PackageCmdSet" value="{c1388361-6429-452c-8ba0-580d292ef0ca}">
            <IDSymbol name="MyMenuGroup" value="0x1020" />
            <IDSymbol name="MyMenuSubgroup" value="0x1021"/>
            <IDSymbol name="SubMenu" value="0x200"/>
            <IDSymbol name="Command1Id" value="0x0100" />
        </GuidSymbol>
    </Symbols>
</CommandTable>

一些观察:

1. 如果包上没有 [ProvideAutoLoad] 属性，框架不会实例化包，直到您执行占位符命令之后，这是唯一的项目此时的子菜单。 VS 向导生成的代码似乎应该为您执行此操作，因为 Package 类的帮助条目中未提及此属性(以及许多其他属性)。
2. 我真的希望占位符不要出现在菜单上。但是将其标记为不可见(在 OnBeforeQueryStatus 中)会使整个子菜单消失。我能做的最好的事情就是更改此命令的名称。 “如何:动态添加菜单项”的帮助条目没有提到这一点。 (不要费心阅读 VS 2015 的条目，因为示例代码不必要地复杂，并且没有显示如何执行动态添加菜单命令这一简单的事情。VS 2012 示例更容易理解。)
3. 该死，但这在 MFC 中要容易得多! GetMenu()、 GetSubMenu() 等。我认为 .net 应该比传统的 Win32 编程更容易。
4. 有没有更好的方法向菜单添加动态项目？

Answer 1

是的，它比在 MFC 中要难得多。

1. 确实需要[ProvideAutoLoad]。

2. 您不应添加占位符命令。开始于

   AddOneCommand(mcs, 0x0100, "动态指令1");

通常您将 DefaultInvisible 添加到 DynamicItemStart 命令，并在OnBeforeQueryStatus 处理程序。