java - 每次运行 Junit 测试时实体管理器都为空

Question

我是 Spring 和 JPA 的新手。我使用 Spring4 、 spring scheduler 和 JPA 开发了一个项目，现在我想使用 Junit 测试用例来测试我的代码。我开始测试我的 DAO 方法。这是源代码:

这个类为调度器做触发任务

public class TriggerTask {


@Autowired
private TriggerDaoBean triggerDaoBean;

public void executeDailyTask() {

    try{
    List<User> users=triggerDaoBean.getClients();
    if (null != users && users.size()>0){

        //do some task
    }

    }catch(Exception e){

    }
}}

DAO bean 是:

@Stateless
public class TriggerDaoBean implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;


    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager em;

    public List<User> getUsers() {      
        List<User> userList = new ArrayList<User>();            
        Query query = em.createQuery(
                "SELECT user FROM USER user");
        userList = (List<User>)query.getResultList();
        if (null != userList && userList.size() > 0) {
            return userList;
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    ....
}

我写了下面的测试用例:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "/spring-quartz-test.xml" })
@TransactionConfiguration(defaultRollback=true)
@Transactional
public class TriggerTest {

    @Autowired
    TriggerDaoBean triggerDaoBean;

    @Test
    public void getUserListTest() {      
        triggerDaoBean.getUsers();
    }
}

spring-quartz-test.xml内容如下:

<bean id="triggerTask" class="com.test.service.TriggerTask">
    <property name="triggerDaoBean" ref="triggerDaoBean"/>
</bean>

<bean id="triggerDaoBean"
    class="com.test.service.TriggerDaoBean">
</bean>

<bean id="runsrJobDaily" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
    <property name="targetObject" ref="triggerTask" />
    <property name="targetMethod" value="executeDailyTask" />
</bean>

而persistence.xml如下:

<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">
    <persistence-unit name="forge-default" transaction-type="JTA" >
     <description>Forge Persistence Unit</description>
     <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
     <jta-data-source>java:/MySqlDS</jta-data-source>


    <class>com.test.persistence.entity.User</class>

    <properties>
     <!--  <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create-drop"/> -->
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect" />
      <!--
      <property name="hibernate.ejb.cfgfile" value="modified.hibernate.cfg.xml"/>
      --> 
      <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>
      <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"/>
      <property name="hibernate.transaction.flush_before_completion" value="true"/>
    </properties>

  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

java:/MySqlDS 是数据源的 JNDI 名称。每次我运行测试时，EntityManager 都会出现 NullPointerException。

我做错了什么吗？

Answer 1

我是我的情况，你需要在你的测试类上附加两个注释。

import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = SpringBootApplicationClass.class)