java - 我应该如何在棉花糖中添加权限请求？

Question

我正在尝试创建一个一次性密码访问 android 应用程序。我已经使用 wamp 创建了一个本地主机服务器，我正在尝试使用我设计的移动应用程序访问该服务器。不幸的是，我在 log cat 中收到如下错误:

03-07 10:42:35.097 31217-31217/com.example.user.myapplication V/ActivityThread: updateVisibility : ActivityRecord{1ecab2fb token=android.os.BinderProxy@23c38b5b {com.example.user.myapplication/com.example.user.myapplication.activity.SmsActivity}} show : true
03-07 10:42:36.607 31217-31217/com.example.user.myapplication I/Timeline: Timeline: Activity_idle id: android.os.BinderProxy@23c38b5b time:52633449
03-07 10:42:37.397 31217-31217/com.example.user.myapplication D/ViewRootImpl: ViewPostImeInputStage ACTION_DOWN
03-07 10:42:37.537 31217-32544/com.example.user.myapplication E/SmsActivity: Posting params: {email=thomasbi@gmail.com, name=Thomas, mobile=9002378900}
03-07 10:42:37.537 31217-32544/com.example.user.myapplication I/System.out: (HTTPLog)-Static: isSBSettingEnabled false
03-07 10:42:37.537 31217-32544/com.example.user.myapplication I/System.out: KnoxVpnUidStorageknoxVpnSupported API value returned is false
03-07 10:42:37.547 31217-31217/com.example.user.myapplication E/SmsActivity: Error: java.net.SocketException: socket failed: EACCES (Permission denied)
03-07 10:42:37.617 31217-31217/com.example.user.myapplication D/SRIB_DCS: log_dcs ThreadedRenderer::initialize entered! 

我已经包含了所有权限，这是我的 AndroidManifest.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    package="com.example.user.myapplication">
<application
    android:name=".app.MyApplication"
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:supportsRtl="true"
    android:theme="@style/MyMaterialTheme">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />

    <activity
        android:name=".activity.SmsActivity"
        android:label="@string/title_activity_sms">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>

    <activity
        android:name=".activity.MainActivity"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize">

    </activity>

    <!-- SMS Receiver -->
    <receiver android:name=".receiver.SmsReceiver">
        <intent-filter android:priority="99999">
            <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
        </intent-filter>
    </receiver>


    <!-- Intent service -->
    <service
        android:name=".service.HttpService"
        android:exported="false" />

</application>

这是我的 permission.java 文件，它是为在上述错误后提出请求而编写的:

import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.design.widget.Snackbar;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class Permission extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{

    private Context context;
    private Activity activity;
    private static final int PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE = 1;
    private View view;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.request_main);
        Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);

        context = getApplicationContext();
        activity = this;
        Button check_permission = (Button)findViewById(R.id.check_permission);
        Button request_permission = (Button)findViewById(R.id.request_permission);
        check_permission.setOnClickListener(this);
        request_permission.setOnClickListener(this);


    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {

        view = v;

        int id = v.getId();
        switch (id){
            case R.id.check_permission:
                if (checkPermission()) {

                    Snackbar.make(view,"Permission already granted.",Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                } else {

                    Snackbar.make(view,"Please request permission.",Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
                break;
            case R.id.request_permission:
                if (!checkPermission()) {

                    requestPermission();

                } else {

                    Snackbar.make(view,"Permission already granted.",Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                }
                break;
        }
    }

    private boolean checkPermission(){
        int result = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS);
        if (result == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){

            return true;

        } else {

            return false;

        }
    }

    private void requestPermission(){

        if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity,Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS)){

            Toast.makeText(context,"SMS permission allows us to receive sms. Please allow in App Settings for additional functionality.",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

        } else {

            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity,new String[]{Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS},PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

                    Snackbar.make(view,"Permission Granted, Now you can access SMS.",Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                } else {

                    Snackbar.make(view,"Permission Denied, You cannot access SMS.",Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                }
                break;
        }

}

当我运行以下代码时，我在 log cat 中没有收到任何错误，并且应用程序停止并显示 PACKAGE INSTALLER HAS STOPPED..我现在有点困惑，我知道我被一些愚蠢的东西困住了。如果有人能帮助我解决这个问题，我会很高兴。

Answer 1

基本上您需要请求的唯一权限是 SMS 权限(Internet 不是危险的权限，您不必向用户请求)。谷歌建议您在使用之前请求权限，而不是一次全部请求(比如第一次启动应用程序时)。谷歌还在他们的开发者文档中提供了关于如何最好地实现以及何时实现的详细信息，这在这里很难总结。看看 developer documents here有关代码详细信息，以及 Material Design documents关于如何根据您的应用的情况最好地实现。

如果您需要更多详细信息或有关权限的任何其他问题，请告诉我。