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java - 如何在java swing计算器中获得百分比结果

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-11-30 10:12:58 25 4
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基本计算器的代码
我有两个问题:

  1. 如何得到正确的百分比计算结果?
  2. 并为文本字段设置限制?

我需要文本字段最多只能读取 16 位数字。

    import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.event.CaretEvent;
import javax.swing.event.CaretListener;

public class Calculator extends JFrame implements ActionListener {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 4055065492318058414L;

private JPanel northPanel;
private JPanel centerPanel;

private JTextField field;

private JButton b1;
private JButton b2;
private JButton b3;
private JButton b4;
private JButton b5;
private JButton b6;
private JButton b7;
private JButton b8;
private JButton b9;
private JButton b0;

private JButton bPlus;
private JButton bMine;
private JButton bMultiple;
private JButton bDivision;
private JButton bEqual;
private JButton bClear;
private JButton bErase;
private JButton bPercent;
private JButton bPlusMine;
private JButton bDot;

private double fNum;
private double sNum;
private double result;
private String operation;

private static final Font fontButton = new Font("Consolas", Font.BOLD, 20);

public static void main(String[] args) {

new Calculator().setVisible(true);

}

public Calculator() {

super("Calculator");

try {

UIManager.setLookAndFeel("com.sun.java.swing.plaf.windows.WindowsLookAndFeel");

setSize(225, 300);
setLocationRelativeTo(null);
setResizable(false);
setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

setGUI();

} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

}

private void setGUI() {

northPanel = new JPanel();
add(northPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);

centerPanel = new JPanel();
add(centerPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

field = new JTextField(10);
field.setEnabled(false);
field.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
field.setDisabledTextColor(Color.BLACK);
field.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
field.setFont(new Font("Consolas", Font.BOLD, 32));

northPanel.add(field);

bErase = new JButton("<");
bErase.setFont(fontButton);

bPlus = new JButton("+");
bPlus.setFont(fontButton);

bPercent = new JButton("%");
bPercent.setFont(fontButton);

bMine = new JButton("-");
bMine.setFont(fontButton);

bMultiple = new JButton("\u00D7");
bMultiple.setFont(fontButton);

bDivision = new JButton("\u00F7");
bDivision.setFont(fontButton);

bEqual = new JButton("=");
bEqual.setFont(fontButton);

bClear = new JButton("c");
bClear.setFont(fontButton);

bPlusMine = new JButton("±");
bPlusMine.setFont(fontButton);

bDot = new JButton(".");
bDot.setFont(fontButton);

b1 = new JButton("1");
b1.setFont(fontButton);

b2 = new JButton("2");
b2.setFont(fontButton);

b3 = new JButton("3");
b3.setFont(fontButton);

b4 = new JButton("4");
b4.setFont(fontButton);

b5 = new JButton("5");
b5.setFont(fontButton);

b6 = new JButton("6");
b6.setFont(fontButton);

b7 = new JButton("7");
b7.setFont(fontButton);

b8 = new JButton("8");
b8.setFont(fontButton);

b9 = new JButton("9");
b9.setFont(fontButton);

bDot = new JButton(".");
bDot.setFont(fontButton);

b0 = new JButton("0");
b0.setFont(fontButton);

centerPanel.add(bErase);
centerPanel.add(bClear);
centerPanel.add(bPercent);
centerPanel.add(bDivision);

centerPanel.add(b1);
centerPanel.add(b2);
centerPanel.add(b3);
centerPanel.add(bMultiple);

centerPanel.add(b4);
centerPanel.add(b5);
centerPanel.add(b6);
centerPanel.add(bMine);

centerPanel.add(b7);
centerPanel.add(b8);
centerPanel.add(b9);
centerPanel.add(bPlus);

centerPanel.add(bPlusMine);
centerPanel.add(b0);
centerPanel.add(bDot);
centerPanel.add(bEqual);

b1.addActionListener(this);
b2.addActionListener(this);
b3.addActionListener(this);
b4.addActionListener(this);
b5.addActionListener(this);
b6.addActionListener(this);
b7.addActionListener(this);
b8.addActionListener(this);
b9.addActionListener(this);
b0.addActionListener(this);
bDot.addActionListener(this);

bClear.addActionListener(this);
bErase.addActionListener(this);

bPlus.addActionListener(this);
bMine.addActionListener(this);
bMultiple.addActionListener(this);
bDivision.addActionListener(this);

bPlusMine.addActionListener(this);
bPercent.addActionListener(this);
bEqual.addActionListener(this);

field.addCaretListener(new CaretListener() {

public void caretUpdate(CaretEvent event) {

if (field.getText().length() >= 10)
field.setFont(new Font("Consolas", Font.BOLD, 25));

if (field.getText().length() >= 13)
field.setFont(new Font("Consolas", Font.BOLD, 20));

if (field.getText().length() >= 15)
field.setFont(new Font("Consolas", Font.BOLD, 19));

}
});


}



public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {

if (event.getSource().equals(b1))
field.setText(field.getText() + "1");

if (event.getSource().equals(b2))
field.setText(field.getText() + "2");

if (event.getSource().equals(b3))
field.setText(field.getText() + "3");

if (event.getSource().equals(b4))
field.setText(field.getText() + "4");

if (event.getSource().equals(b5))
field.setText(field.getText() + "5");

if (event.getSource().equals(b6))
field.setText(field.getText() + "6");

if (event.getSource().equals(b7))
field.setText(field.getText() + "7");

if (event.getSource().equals(b8))
field.setText(field.getText() + "8");

if (event.getSource().equals(b9))
field.setText(field.getText() + "9");

if (event.getSource().equals(bDot)) {

if (field.getText().indexOf(".") == -1 && !field.getText().isEmpty())
field.setText(field.getText() + ".");

}

if (event.getSource().equals(b0)) {

/*
* if (field.getText().isEmpty()) field.setText("");
*
* else
*/
field.setText(field.getText() + "0");

}

if (event.getSource().equals(bClear)) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty()) {

fNum = 0;
sNum = 0;
operation = null;
field.setText(null);

}

}

if (event.getSource().equals(bErase)) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty())
field.setText(field.getText().substring(0, field.getText().length() - 1));

}

if (event.getSource().equals(bPlus)) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty()) {

fNum = Double.valueOf(field.getText());
field.setText(null);
operation = "+";

}

}

if (event.getSource().equals(bMine)) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty()) {

fNum = Double.valueOf(field.getText());
field.setText(null);
operation = "-";
}
}

if (event.getSource().equals(bMultiple)) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty()) {

fNum = Double.valueOf(field.getText());
field.setText(null);
operation = "\u00D7";
}
}

if (event.getSource().equals(bDivision)) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty()) {

fNum = Double.valueOf(field.getText());
field.setText(null);
operation = "\u00F7";

}

}

if (event.getSource().equals(bEqual)) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty() && operation != null) {

sNum = Double.valueOf(field.getText());

if (operation.equals("+"))
result = fNum + sNum;

else if (operation.equals("-"))
result = fNum - sNum;

else if (operation.equals("x"))
result = fNum * sNum;

else if (operation.equals("\u00F7"))
result = fNum / sNum;

else if (operation.equals("\u00D7"))
result = fNum * sNum;



field.setText(String.valueOf(result));

}

}

if (event.getSource().equals(bPlusMine)) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty()) {

double num = Double.valueOf(field.getText());

if (num > 0)
field.setText(String.valueOf(num - (num * 2)));

else
field.setText(String.valueOf(Math.abs(num)));

}

}

}

}

对于文本字段限制,我在actionPerformed方法中写了这段代码

if (event.getSource().equals(bPlusMine)) {

if (field.getText().length() > 16)
field.setText(field.getText().substring(0, 16));
}

但上面的代码不起作用,我不能使用 keyListener,因为文本字段被禁用,只能从按钮获取值

最佳答案

有关计算百分比的简单解决方案,请参见以下代码。它用于输出以下序列的结果:
输入数字后进行除法运算
输入第二个数字,然后进行百分比运算
如果这不是您想要的流程(帖子中没有解释),您将需要更改代码。

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.event.CaretEvent;
import javax.swing.event.CaretListener;
import javax.swing.text.AttributeSet;
import javax.swing.text.BadLocationException;
import javax.swing.text.PlainDocument;

public class Calculator extends JFrame implements ActionListener {

private JPanel northPanel, centerPanel;

private JTextField field;

private JButton b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, b9, b0;

private JButton bPlus, bMine, bMultiple, bDivision, bEqual;
private JButton bClear, bErase, bPercent, bPlusMine, bDot;

private double fNum, sNum, result;
private String operation;

private static final Font fontButton = new Font("Consolas", Font.BOLD, 20);
private static final NumberFormat percentageFormat = NumberFormat.getPercentInstance();

public static void main(String[] args) {

new Calculator().setVisible(true);
}

public Calculator() {

super("Calculator");

try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel("com.sun.java.swing.plaf.windows.WindowsLookAndFeel");
percentageFormat.setMinimumFractionDigits(2);
setSize(225, 300);
setLocationRelativeTo(null);
setResizable(false);
setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

setGUI();

} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

private void setGUI() {

northPanel = new JPanel();
add(northPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);

centerPanel = new JPanel();
add(centerPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

field = new JTextField(10);
//limit text field to 16 characters
field.setDocument(new JTextFieldLimit(16));
field.setEnabled(false);
field.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
field.setDisabledTextColor(Color.BLACK);
field.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
field.setFont(new Font("Consolas", Font.BOLD, 32));

northPanel.add(field);

//a repeated code is an opportunity for a method
//the method also adds buttons to JPanel
bErase = makeButton("<");
bClear = makeButton("c");
bPercent = makeButton("%");
bDivision = makeButton("\u00F7");

b1 = makeButton("1");
b2 = makeButton("2");
b3 = makeButton("3");
bMultiple = makeButton("\u00D7");

b4 = makeButton("4");
b5 = makeButton("5");
b6 = makeButton("6");
bMine = makeButton("-");

b7 = makeButton("7");
b8 = makeButton("8");
b9 = makeButton("9");
bPlus = makeButton("+");

bPlusMine = makeButton("±");
b0 = makeButton("0");
bDot = makeButton(".");
bEqual = makeButton("=");

field.addCaretListener(new CaretListener() {

@Override
public void caretUpdate(CaretEvent event) {

//use if - else for more efficient code

if (field.getText().length() >= 15) {
field.setFont(new Font("Consolas", Font.BOLD, 19));
}
else if (field.getText().length() >= 13) {
field.setFont(new Font("Consolas", Font.BOLD, 20));
}

else if (field.getText().length() >= 10) {
field.setFont(new Font("Consolas", Font.BOLD, 25));
}
}
});
}

@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {

//only one if is executed each time, so use if - else
//or switch

//get the text from clicked button
String text = ((JButton)event.getSource()).getText();
if(isInteger(text)) {
field.setText(field.getText() + Integer.parseInt(text));
}

else if (text.equals(".")) {

if ((field.getText().indexOf(".") == -1) && !field.getText().isEmpty()) {
field.setText(field.getText() + ".");
}
}

else if (text.equals("c")) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty()) {

fNum = 0;
sNum = 0;
operation = null;
field.setText(null);
}
}

else if (text.equals("<")) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty()) {
field.setText(field.getText().substring(0, field.getText().length() - 1));
}
}

else if (text.equals("+")) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty()) {

fNum = Double.valueOf(field.getText());
field.setText(null);
operation = text;
}

}

else if (text.equals("-")) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty()) {

fNum = Double.valueOf(field.getText());
field.setText(null);
operation = text;
}
}


else if (text.equals("\u00D7")) { //multiply

if (!field.getText().isEmpty()) {

fNum = Double.valueOf(field.getText());
field.setText(null);
operation = text;
}
}

else if (text.equals("\u00F7")) {//divide

if (!field.getText().isEmpty()) {

fNum = Double.valueOf(field.getText());
field.setText(null);
operation = text;
}
}

else if (text.equals("%")) {

if (("\u00F7").equals(operation)) { //% applies only after divide

sNum = Double.valueOf(field.getText());
field.setText(String.valueOf(percentageFormat.format(fNum/sNum)));
operation = null;
}
}

else if (text.equals("=")) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty() && (operation != null)) {

sNum = Double.valueOf(field.getText());

if (operation.equals("+")) {
result = fNum + sNum;
} else if (operation.equals("-")) {
result = fNum - sNum;
} else if (operation.equals("x")) {
result = fNum * sNum;
} else if (operation.equals("\u00F7")) {
result = fNum / sNum;
} else if (operation.equals("\u00D7")) {
result = fNum * sNum;
}

field.setText(String.valueOf(result));
}
}

else if (event.getSource().equals(bPlusMine)) {

if (!field.getText().isEmpty()) {

double num = Double.valueOf(field.getText());

if (num > 0) {
field.setText(String.valueOf(num - (num * 2)));
} else {
field.setText(String.valueOf(Math.abs(num)));
}
}
}
}

private boolean isInteger(String text) {

try {
Integer.parseInt(text);
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
return false;
}

return true;
}

private JButton makeButton(String text) {

JButton button = new JButton(text);
button.setFont(fontButton);
button.addActionListener(this);
centerPanel.add(button);

return button;
}
}

//source : https://stackoverflow.com/a/10136854/3992939
class JTextFieldLimit extends PlainDocument {
private int limit;
JTextFieldLimit(int limit) {
super();
this.limit = limit;
}

JTextFieldLimit(int limit, boolean upper) {
super();
this.limit = limit;
}

@Override
public void insertString(int offset, String str, AttributeSet attr) throws BadLocationException {
if (str == null) {
return;
}

if ((getLength() + str.length()) <= limit) {
super.insertString(offset, str, attr);
}
}
}

我还建议改进代码实现以进行以下更改:

//Constants  (better use enum)
private final static String BACK ="<", CLEAR="c", DIVIDE = "\u00F7", MULTIPLY = "\u00D7",
MINUS = "-", PLUS = "+", PLUS_MINUS = "±" , DOT = ".", EQUAL = "=" ;
//buttons text in the same order as appear on calculator
private final String[] buttonText = {
BACK,CLEAR,"%",DIVIDE,"1","2","3",MULTIPLY,"4","5","6",MINUS,"7","8"
,"9",PLUS,PLUS_MINUS,"0",DOT,EQUAL
};
/* remove redundant code
private JButton b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, b9, b0;
private JButton bPlus, bMine, bMultiple, bDivision, bEqual;
private JButton bClear, bErase, bPercent, bPlusMine, bDot;
*/

添加制作所有按钮的方法:

private void makeButtons() {

for(String text : buttonText) {
JButton button = new JButton(text);
button.setFont(fontButton);
button.addActionListener(this);
centerPanel.add(button);
}
}

并修改setGUI()

        makeButtons(); //replaces all the following code 

/*remove redundant code
//a repeated code is an opportunity for a method
//the method also adds buttons to JPanel
bErase = makeButton("<");
bClear = makeButton("c");
bPercent = makeButton("%");
bDivision = makeButton("\u00F7");

b1 = makeButton("1");
b2 = makeButton("2");
b3 = makeButton("3");
bMultiple = makeButton("\u00D7");

b4 = makeButton("4");
b5 = makeButton("5");
b6 = makeButton("6");
bMine = makeButton("-");

b7 = makeButton("7");
b8 = makeButton("8");
b9 = makeButton("9");
bPlus = makeButton("+");

bPlusMine = makeButton("±");
b0 = makeButton("0");
bDot = makeButton(".");
bEqual = makeButton("=");

*/

这是一个link修改代码。

关于java - 如何在java swing计算器中获得百分比结果,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51570839/

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