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java - 具有自动文本定位功能的 Graphics2D 生成图像

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-11-30 10:01:47 25 4
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生成图像时如何自动定位图像中的文本?例如,我有这种方法来生成我的 .png 图像:

public static void generatePNG(String message){
try {
int width = 400, height = 400;
// TYPE_INT_ARGB specifies the image format: 8-bit RGBA packed
// into integer pixels
BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
Graphics2D ig2 = bi.createGraphics();
Font font = new Font("TimesRoman", Font.BOLD, 15);
ig2.setFont(font);
FontMetrics fontMetrics = ig2.getFontMetrics();
int stringWidth = fontMetrics.stringWidth(message);
int stringHeight = fontMetrics.getAscent();
ig2.setPaint(Color.black);
ig2.drawString(message, (width - stringWidth) / 2, height / 2 + stringHeight / 4);
ImageIO.write(bi, "PNG", new File("myimg.png"));
} catch (IOException ie) {
ie.printStackTrace();
}
}

但是这会在我的 img 中居中文本,这对于测试来说是可以的,但现在我想向图像添加多行并从上到下开始。我用 StringBuilder 构建的消息在我的方法中解析,由 System.lineSeparator() 在新行中分隔 我也不知道它的宽度和高度如何因为我的宽度必须保持不变,而高度可以随心所欲地改变,但我如何仅通过消息知道它需要多少?

最佳答案

假设这是一个 XY-problem 的例子.如果您的目标是生成带有特定文本的图像,自动调整某些字体和换行符,那么您可以自己完成。您可以使用 FontMetrics 及其方法来计算图像的适当大小,以及随后使用 drawString 调用绘制的适当位置。

但这很复杂。而且它比第一眼看上去要复杂得多,。我什至不是在谈论 النص العربي(阿拉伯语文本),而是在谈论看似最微不足道的字体元素。

因此,最简单的解决方案可能是依靠该领域专家已经编写的数十万行耗时考验的代码来解决这个问题。

这意味着:

只需将文本放入 JTextArea,然后从中创建图像。

下面是一个MCVE这说明了如何做到这一点。

GenerateTextImage

核心是 createTextImage 方法,它允许您从文本创建具有特定字体和颜色的图像。或者,您可以指定图像的宽度,并将换行的艰巨任务留给 JTextArea

您可能会注意到顶部的“HTML”复选框。启用后,输入将传递给 createHtmlImage 方法,这样您甚至可以输入类似的内容

<html>
This is <u>underlined</u> <br>
or in <i>italics</i>
</html>

获取呈现的 HTML 输出的图像。

完整代码在这里:

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.JCheckBox;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.event.DocumentEvent;
import javax.swing.event.DocumentListener;

public class GenerateTextImage {

public static void main(String[] args) {

String text = "This is a text" + "\n"
+ "with one line that is muuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuch longer than the others" + "\n"
+ "and some empty lines" + "\n"
+ "\n"
+ "\n"
+ "as a test.";

SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> createAndShowGui(text));
}

private static void createAndShowGui(String initialText) {
JFrame f = new JFrame();
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

f.getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout());

JPanel controlPanel = new JPanel();
JCheckBox htmlCheckBox = new JCheckBox("HTML", false);
controlPanel.add(htmlCheckBox);
f.getContentPane().add(controlPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);


JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
f.getContentPane().add(mainPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

JTextArea inputTextArea = new JTextArea();
JScrollPane sp0 = new JScrollPane(inputTextArea);
sp0.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Input:"));
mainPanel.add(sp0);

ImagePanel imagePanel = new ImagePanel();
JScrollPane sp1 = new JScrollPane(imagePanel);
sp1.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Image:"));
mainPanel.add(sp1);

Runnable updateImage = () -> {
if (!htmlCheckBox.isSelected()) {
String text = inputTextArea.getText();
BufferedImage image = createTextImage(text);
imagePanel.setImage(image);
} else {
String text = inputTextArea.getText();
BufferedImage image = createHtmlImage(text);
imagePanel.setImage(image);
}
};

inputTextArea.getDocument().addDocumentListener(new DocumentListener() {
public void changedUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
updateImage();
}

public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
updateImage();
}

public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
updateImage();
}

private void updateImage() {
updateImage.run();
}
});

htmlCheckBox.addChangeListener(e -> {
updateImage.run();
});

inputTextArea.setText(initialText);

f.setSize(1200, 600);
f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
f.setVisible(true);
}

private static BufferedImage createTextImage(String text) {
return createTextImage(text, -1, new Font("TimesRoman", Font.BOLD, 15), Color.BLACK, Color.WHITE);
}

/**
* Creates an image with the given text, using the given font and foreground- and background color.<br>
* <br>
* If the given width is not positive, then the width of the image will be computed
* to show the longest line that appears in the text. If the given width is positive,
* then the lines of the given text will be wrapped (at word boundaries) if possible,
* so that the whole text can be displayed.
*
* @param text The text
* @param width The image width
* @param font The font
* @param foreground The foreground color
* @param background The background color
* @return The image
*/
private static BufferedImage createTextImage(String text, int width, Font font, Color foreground, Color background) {
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(text);
textArea.setFont(font);
textArea.setForeground(foreground);
textArea.setBackground(background);
if (width > 0)
{
textArea.setLineWrap(true);
textArea.setWrapStyleWord(true);
textArea.setSize(new Dimension(width, Short.MAX_VALUE));
}
Dimension size = textArea.getPreferredSize();
int w = Math.max(1, size.width);
if (width > 0)
{
w = width;
}
int h = Math.max(1, size.height);
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
SwingUtilities.paintComponent(g, textArea, new JPanel(), 0, 0, w, h);
g.dispose();
return image;
}

private static BufferedImage createHtmlImage(String text) {
return createHtmlImage(text, new Font("TimesRoman", Font.BOLD, 15), Color.BLACK, Color.WHITE);
}

/**
* Creates an image with the given HTML string, using the given font and foreground- and background color.<br>
*
* @param html The HTML string
* @param font The font
* @param foreground The foreground color
* @param background The background color
* @return The image
*/
private static BufferedImage createHtmlImage(String html, Font font, Color foreground, Color background) {
JLabel label = new JLabel(html);
label.setOpaque(true);
label.setFont(font);
label.setForeground(foreground);
label.setBackground(background);
Dimension size = label.getPreferredSize();
int w = Math.max(1, size.width);
int h = Math.max(1, size.height);
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
SwingUtilities.paintComponent(g, label, new JPanel(), 0, 0, w, h);
g.dispose();
return image;
}


static class ImagePanel extends JPanel {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private BufferedImage image;

public void setImage(BufferedImage image) {
this.image = image;
repaint();
}

@Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
if (image == null || super.isPreferredSizeSet()) {
return super.getPreferredSize();
}
return new Dimension(image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());
}

@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
if (image != null) {
g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
}
}
}
}

编辑:其中一条评论的小附录。它使用 https://stackoverflow.com/a/3213361/3182664 中的代码段将文本水平居中。 .请注意,这经过彻底测试。在某些时候,问题、评论和编辑归结为“为我写一些代码”。我是一名自由职业者。你可以雇用我。

private static BufferedImage createTextImage(String text, int width, Font font, Color foreground, Color background) {
JTextPane textPane = new JTextPane();
textPane.setText(text);

// See https://stackoverflow.com/a/3213361/3182664
StyledDocument doc = textPane.getStyledDocument();
SimpleAttributeSet center = new SimpleAttributeSet();
StyleConstants.setAlignment(center, StyleConstants.ALIGN_CENTER);
doc.setParagraphAttributes(0, doc.getLength(), center, false);

textPane.setFont(font);
textPane.setForeground(foreground);
textPane.setBackground(background);
if (width > 0)
{
//textPane.setLineWrap(true);
//textPane.setWrapStyleWord(true);
textPane.setSize(new Dimension(width, Short.MAX_VALUE));
}
Dimension size = textPane.getPreferredSize();
int w = Math.max(1, size.width);
if (width > 0)
{
w = width;
}
int h = Math.max(1, size.height);
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
SwingUtilities.paintComponent(g, textPane, new JPanel(), 0, 0, w, h);
g.dispose();
return image;
}

关于java - 具有自动文本定位功能的 Graphics2D 生成图像,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57270192/

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