maven - 如何解决二十个新闻组分类示例中的 "log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger"错误

Question

我正在尝试在 Mahout 中运行 2newsgroup 分类示例。我设置了 MAHOUT_LOCAL=true，分类器不显示混淆矩阵并给出以下警告:

ok. You chose 1 and we'll use cnaivebayes
creating work directory at /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera
+ echo 'Preparing 20newsgroups data'
Preparing 20newsgroups data
+ rm -rf /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-all
+ mkdir /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-all
+ cp -R /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/alt.atheism /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/comp.graphics /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/comp.os.ms-windows.misc /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/comp.sys.mac.hardware /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/comp.windows.x /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/misc.forsale /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/rec.autos /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/rec.motorcycles /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/rec.sport.baseball /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/rec.sport.hockey /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/sci.crypt /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/sci.electronics /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/sci.med /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/sci.space /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/soc.religion.christian /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/talk.politics.guns /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/talk.politics.mideast /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/talk.politics.misc /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-test/talk.religion.misc /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/alt.atheism /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/comp.graphics /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/comp.os.ms-windows.misc /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/comp.sys.mac.hardware /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/comp.windows.x /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/misc.forsale /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/rec.autos /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/rec.motorcycles /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/rec.sport.baseball /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/rec.sport.hockey /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/sci.crypt /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/sci.electronics /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/sci.med /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/sci.space /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/soc.religion.christian /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/talk.politics.guns /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/talk.politics.mideast /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/talk.politics.misc /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-bydate/20news-bydate-train/talk.religion.misc /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-all
+ '[' '' '!=' '' ']'
+ echo 'Creating sequence files from 20newsgroups data'
Creating sequence files from 20newsgroups data
+ ./bin/mahout seqdirectory -i /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-all -o /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-seq -ow
MAHOUT_LOCAL is set, so we don't add HADOOP_CONF_DIR to classpath.
MAHOUT_LOCAL is set, running locally
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/cloudera/mahout-master/examples/target/mahout-examples-1.0-SNAPSHOT-job.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/cloudera/mahout-master/examples/target/dependency/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.mahout.common.AbstractJob).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
+ echo 'Converting sequence files to vectors'
Converting sequence files to vectors
+ ./bin/mahout seq2sparse -i /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-seq -o /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-vectors -lnorm -nv -wt tfidf
MAHOUT_LOCAL is set, so we don't add HADOOP_CONF_DIR to classpath.
MAHOUT_LOCAL is set, running locally
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/cloudera/mahout-master/examples/target/mahout-examples-1.0-SNAPSHOT-job.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/cloudera/mahout-master/examples/target/dependency/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.mahout.vectorizer.SparseVectorsFromSequenceFiles).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
+ echo 'Creating training and holdout set with a random 80-20 split of the generated vector dataset'
Creating training and holdout set with a random 80-20 split of the generated vector dataset
+ ./bin/mahout split -i /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-vectors/tfidf-vectors --trainingOutput /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-train-vectors --testOutput /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-test-vectors --randomSelectionPct 40 --overwrite --sequenceFiles -xm sequential
MAHOUT_LOCAL is set, so we don't add HADOOP_CONF_DIR to classpath.
MAHOUT_LOCAL is set, running locally
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/cloudera/mahout-master/examples/target/mahout-examples-1.0-SNAPSHOT-job.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/cloudera/mahout-master/examples/target/dependency/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.mahout.driver.MahoutDriver).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
+ echo 'Training Naive Bayes model'
Training Naive Bayes model
+ ./bin/mahout trainnb -i /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-train-vectors -el -o /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/model -li /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/labelindex -ow -c
MAHOUT_LOCAL is set, so we don't add HADOOP_CONF_DIR to classpath.
MAHOUT_LOCAL is set, running locally
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/cloudera/mahout-master/examples/target/mahout-examples-1.0-SNAPSHOT-job.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/cloudera/mahout-master/examples/target/dependency/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.mahout.driver.MahoutDriver).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
+ echo 'Self testing on training set'
Self testing on training set
+ ./bin/mahout testnb -i /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-train-vectors -m /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/model -l /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/labelindex -ow -o /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-testing -c
MAHOUT_LOCAL is set, so we don't add HADOOP_CONF_DIR to classpath.
MAHOUT_LOCAL is set, running locally
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/cloudera/mahout-master/examples/target/mahout-examples-1.0-SNAPSHOT-job.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/cloudera/mahout-master/examples/target/dependency/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.mahout.driver.MahoutDriver).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
+ echo 'Testing on holdout set'
Testing on holdout set
+ ./bin/mahout testnb -i /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-test-vectors -m /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/model -l /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/labelindex -ow -o /tmp/mahout-work-cloudera/20news-testing -c
MAHOUT_LOCAL is set, so we don't add HADOOP_CONF_DIR to classpath.
MAHOUT_LOCAL is set, running locally



SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/cloudera/mahout-master/examples/target/mahout-examples-1.0-SNAPSHOT-job.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/cloudera/mahout-master/examples/target/dependency/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]



log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.mahout.driver.MahoutDriver).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.

请给我任何解决方案，谢谢。

Answer 1

经过很多小时的搜索，我找到了这个解决方案:

创建 log4j.properties 文件

这是主要属性文件，包含 log4j 使用的所有运行时配置。该文件将包含附加程序信息、日志级别信息和文件附加程序的输出文件名。

log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,consoleAppender, fileAppender
log4j.appender.consoleAppender=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.consoleAppender.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.consoleAppender.layout.ConversionPattern=[%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n
log4j.appender.fileAppender=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.fileAppender.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.fileAppender.layout.ConversionPattern=[%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n
log4j.appender.fileAppender.File=demoApplication.log

此错误是由于“log4j.properties”文件丢失所致，您可以在以下位置找到有关此问题的更多信息:http://www.tutorialspoint.com/log4j/log4j_configuration.htm