java - 添加更复杂的子类公理

Question

我偶然发现了另一个问题......

我想实现类似的东西:

我想使用 RDFList 这样做，将必要的属性添加到列表中，然后调用方法 createUnionClass(或 createIntersectionClass)并将它们组合在一起。然后，该方法的结果将通过 addSuperClass() 添加到特定的 ontClass。

这是错的吗？我从一些非常简单的事情开始，比如:

RDFList rdfList = ontModel.createList();
rdfList.addProperty(ExampleResource1);
rdfList.addProperty(ExampleResource2); 
UnionClass uc = ontModel.createUnionClass(null, rdfList);
ExampleClass.addSuperClass(uc);

但是结果不是之前说的两者并集的subClassOf，而只是subClassOf nil。

如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。

Answer 1

在 Jena 中创建这个有点棘手，因为支持限定基数限制是 OWL2 的一个特性，而 Jena 对 OWL2 的支持有限:

Jena Ontology API

Note that, at present, the Jena ontology API has only limited support for OWL2's qualified cardinality restrictions (i.e. cardinalityQ, minCardinalityQ and maxCardinalityQ). Qualified cardinality restrictions are encapsulated in the interfaces CardinalityQRestriction, MinCardinalityQRestriction and CardinalityQRestriction. OntModel also provides methods for creating and accessing qualified cardinality restrictions. Since they are not part of the OWL 1.0 language definition, qualified cardinality restrictions are not supported in OWL ontologies. Qualified cardinality restrictions were added to the OWL 2 update. OWL2 support in Jena will be added in due course.

您可能还会看到我发布到 Jena 邮件列表的关于类似问题的回复，Re: Owl maxCardinality restriction .

不过，您可以非常接近地使用以下 Java 代码。 3. 是我们希望能够编写的代码，但我们最终不得不使用 3a. 来代替。您可以开始深入研究 RDF 序列化，从而获得真正合格的限制。我已经在相关问题中展示了如何做到这一点:How to add qualified cardinality in JENA .

import com.hp.hpl.jena.ontology.OntClass;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.ontology.OntModel;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.ontology.OntModelSpec;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.ontology.OntProperty;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.ModelFactory;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.RDFNode;

public class UnionClassExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
        String NS = "https://stackoverflow.com/q/20561994/1281433/";
        OntModel model = ModelFactory.createOntologyModel( OntModelSpec.OWL_MEM );
        model.setNsPrefix( "so", NS );

        OntClass a = model.createClass( NS+"A" );
        OntClass b = model.createClass( NS+"B" );
        OntClass c = model.createClass( NS+"C" );

        OntProperty p = model.createObjectProperty( NS+"p" );
        OntProperty q = model.createObjectProperty( NS+"q" );

        // 1. B or C
        OntClass b_or_c = model.createUnionClass( null, model.createList( new RDFNode[] { b, c } ));

        // 2. p only (B or C)
        OntClass p_only_b_or_c = model.createAllValuesFromRestriction( null, p, b_or_c );

        // 3. q exactly 1 C
        // OntClass q_exactly_1_C = model.createCardinalityQRestriction( null, q, 1, c );

        // 3a. q exactly 1
        OntClass q_exactly_1 = model.createCardinalityRestriction( null, q, 1 );

        // (2) and (3a)
        OntClass _2_and_3a = model.createIntersectionClass( null, model.createList( new RDFNode[] { p_only_b_or_c, q_exactly_1 } ));

        // a subClassOf ((p only (B or C)) and (q exactly 1))
        a.addSuperClass( _2_and_3a );

        model.write( System.out, "RDF/XML-ABBREV" );
    }
}

输出:

<rdf:RDF
    xmlns:so="https://stackoverflow.com/q/20561994/1281433/"
    xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
    xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
    xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
    xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#">
  <owl:Class rdf:about="https://stackoverflow.com/q/20561994/1281433/A">
    <rdfs:subClassOf>
      <owl:Class>
        <owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection">
          <owl:Restriction>
            <owl:allValuesFrom>
              <owl:Class>
                <owl:unionOf rdf:parseType="Collection">
                  <owl:Class rdf:about="https://stackoverflow.com/q/20561994/1281433/B"/>
                  <owl:Class rdf:about="https://stackoverflow.com/q/20561994/1281433/C"/>
                </owl:unionOf>
              </owl:Class>
            </owl:allValuesFrom>
            <owl:onProperty>
              <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="https://stackoverflow.com/q/20561994/1281433/p"/>
            </owl:onProperty>
          </owl:Restriction>
          <owl:Restriction>
            <owl:cardinality rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int"
            >1</owl:cardinality>
            <owl:onProperty>
              <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="https://stackoverflow.com/q/20561994/1281433/q"/>
            </owl:onProperty>
          </owl:Restriction>
        </owl:intersectionOf>
      </owl:Class>
    </rdfs:subClassOf>
  </owl:Class>
</rdf:RDF>

载入 Protégé: