java - 我程序中的无限 do-while 循环 (java)

Question

我的第一个 Java 程序出现问题。我正在尝试重现您玩火柴的游戏，但该程序永远不会停止...

当我输入 6、3、2、1 或 7、3、2、1 等数字时，循环应该停在那里，但它只是继续到下一个回合，就好像什么都没发生一样，即使变量具有正确的值并且应该匹配结束条件。
我很确定问题出在主循环的 while 部分(在最后)，但我看不到它!这可能是显而易见的事情，但是......

这是完整的源代码(游戏规则在其下方):

import java.util.Scanner;


public class JeuDeNim {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

    //Starting the game
    int totalMatches;
    do {
        System.out.println("How many matches do you want to play with? "
        + "(from 6 to 60)");
        totalMatches = sc.nextInt();
    }
    while(totalMatches < 6 || totalMatches > 60);


    int matchesPlayer1 = 0;//to keep track of
    int matchesPlayer2 = 0;//the previous round
    int i = 1;//to know whose turn it is
    do{

        //player 1

        if(!(i % 2 == 0)) {//if odd number, player 1

            //round 1

            if(i == 1) {
                do {
                    System.out.println("Player 1: How many matches do you "
                    + "want to pick? (1, 2 or 3)");
                    matchesPlayer1 = sc.nextInt();
                }
                while(matchesPlayer1 < 1 || matchesPlayer1 > 3);

                totalMatches = totalMatches - matchesPlayer1;
                i++;
            }

            //odd round x

            else {
                do {
                    System.out.println("Player 1: How many matches do you "
                    + "want to pick this turn?");
                    matchesPlayer1 = sc.nextInt();

                    if(totalMatches - matchesPlayer1 < 0) {
                    System.out.println("Pick a smaller number");
                    //totalMatches cannot be negative
                    } else if(matchesPlayer1 == matchesPlayer2) {
                    System.out.println("You cannot pick the same number "
                    + "of matches as Player 2");
                    }
                }
                while(matchesPlayer1 < 1 || matchesPlayer1 > 3 
                        || (totalMatches - matchesPlayer1 < 0)
                        || (matchesPlayer1 == matchesPlayer2));

                totalMatches = totalMatches - matchesPlayer1;
                if(totalMatches == 0
                    || (totalMatches == 1 && matchesPlayer1 == 1)) {
                    System.out.println("Player 1 Wins!");
                }
                i++;
            }
        }

        //player 2

        else {

            //round 2

            if(i == 2) {
                do {
                    System.out.println("Player 2: How many matches do you "
                    + "want to pick? (1, 2 or 3)");
                    matchesPlayer2 = sc.nextInt();
                    if(matchesPlayer2 == matchesPlayer1) {
                        System.out.println("You cannot pick the same "
                        + "number of matches as Player 2");
                    }
                }
                while(matchesPlayer2 < 1 || matchesPlayer2 > 3
                        || matchesPlayer2 == matchesPlayer1);

                totalMatches = totalMatches - matchesPlayer2;
                i++;
            }

            //even round x

            else {
                do {
                    System.out.println("Player 2: How many matches do you "
                    + "want to pick this turn?");
                    matchesPlayer2 = sc.nextInt();

                    if (totalMatches - matchesPlayer2 < 0) {
                        System.out.println("Pick a smaller number");
                        //totalMatches cannot be negative
                    } else if(matchesPlayer2 == matchesPlayer1) {
                    System.out.println("You cannot pick the same number "
                    + "of matches as Player 1");
                    }
                }
                while(matchesPlayer2 < 1 || matchesPlayer2 > 3
                        || (totalMatches - matchesPlayer2 < 0)
                        || (matchesPlayer2 == matchesPlayer1));

                totalMatches = totalMatches - matchesPlayer2;
                if(totalMatches == 0
                    || (totalMatches == 1 && matchesPlayer2 == 1)) {
                    System.out.println("Player 2 Wins!");
                }
                i++;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("totalMatches: " + totalMatches + " "
        + "matchesPlayer1: " + matchesPlayer1 + " " + "matchesPlayer2: "
        + matchesPlayer2);//to check that everything is working. It is not...
    }
    while(totalMatches > 0
            || !(!(i % 2 == 0) && totalMatches == 1 && matchesPlayer1 == 1)
            || !((i % 2 == 0) && totalMatches == 1 && matchesPlayer2 == 1));
  }
}

游戏规则如下:这是一款双人游戏，玩家轮流选择匹配项(1、2 或 3)，并且不能选择与另一位玩家相同数量的匹配项:如果玩家选择 2比赛，玩家二必须选择 1 或 3 场比赛。不能再选择匹配的玩家输掉游戏，这意味着有两种结束情况:当没有更多匹配时，或者有 1 个但另一个玩家在上一轮中选择了 1 个。

Answer 1

查看最终 while 循环中的条件

totalMatches > 0 ||
!(!(i % 2 == 0) && totalMatches == 1 && matchesPlayer1 == 1) ||
!((i % 2 == 0) && totalMatches == 1 && matchesPlayer2 == 1));

这意味着只要还有剩余的比赛，循环就会重复，或者轮到玩家 1 还剩 1 场比赛并选择 1 场比赛，或者轮到玩家 2 还剩下 1 场比赛并且任选 1 场比赛。

这永远不会发生，因为(除其他原因外)它需要 i%2==0 和 i%2 != 0。将 || 切换为 &&，它应该可以解决问题。正如评论中所指出的，您还需要反转玩家回合检查，因为此时回合计数器已经递增。

你想在这里使用 && 而不是 || 的原因，就像在你的代码的其他地方一样，是你检查一个不同的概念。每隔一段时间，您检查循环应该重复的原因。这一次，您检查循环应该结束的原因，并否定它们。如有疑问，请实际插入比较值，看看它的计算结果是否符合您的预期。