java - 我应该使用什么布局来使它适用于 Java？

Question

这就是我想要的最终结果......

我正在尝试为此使用 GridBagLayout，但不确定它是否是正确的选择，因为它到处都是。我知道我不应该在一个构造函数中编写我的所有代码，但这是我目前所拥有的...

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.border.Border;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.*;
import static java.lang.Math.*;


public class HomeStylePizza extends JFrame{

    private static final int WIDTH = 500;
    private static final int HEIGHT = 400;

    //GUI components
    private JLabel lblEachTopping, lblPizzaSize, lblPizzaType, lblWelcome, lblYourOrder;

    private JButton btnProcessSelection;

    private JCheckBox cbPepproni, cbSausage, cbMushrooms, cbPineapple, cbOnion, cbBellPepper;

    private JRadioButton rbSmall, rbMedium, rbLarge, rbThinCrust, rbMediumCrust, rbPan;

    private ButtonGroup grp1, grp2;

    private JTextArea textArea;

    private CalculateButtonHandler cbHandler;


    public HomeStylePizza()
    {
        //Create new labels
        lblEachTopping = new JLabel("Each Topping: $1.50");
        lblPizzaSize = new JLabel("Pizza Size");
        lblPizzaType = new JLabel("Pizza Type");
        lblWelcome = new JLabel("Welcome to Home Style Pizza Shop");
        lblYourOrder = new JLabel("Your order:");

        //Create new buttons
        btnProcessSelection = new JButton("Process Selection");
        cbHandler = new CalculateButtonHandler();
        btnProcessSelection.addActionListener(cbHandler);

        //Create new JCheckBoxes
        cbPepproni = new JCheckBox("Pepproni");
        cbSausage = new JCheckBox("Sausage");
        cbMushrooms = new JCheckBox("Mushrooms");
        cbPineapple = new JCheckBox("Pineapple");
        cbOnion = new JCheckBox("Onion");
        cbBellPepper = new JCheckBox("Bell Pepper");

        //Create radio buttons
        rbSmall = new JRadioButton("Small: $6.50");
        rbMedium = new JRadioButton("Medium: $8.50");
        rbLarge = new JRadioButton("Large: $10.00");
        rbThinCrust = new JRadioButton("Thin Crust");
        rbMediumCrust = new JRadioButton("Medium Crust");
        rbPan = new JRadioButton("Pan");

        //Create new TextArea
        textArea = new JTextArea(6, 10);

        //Set title
        setTitle("Pizza Shop");

        //Create new font layout
        Font font = new Font("New Times Roman", Font.BOLD, 18);


        //get the container
        Container pane = getContentPane();

        JPanel thePanel = new JPanel();
        thePanel.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());

        //set the layout
        pane.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());

        GridBagConstraints gridConstraints = new GridBagConstraints();

        gridConstraints.gridx = 1;
        gridConstraints.gridy = 1;
        gridConstraints.gridwidth = 1;
        gridConstraints.gridheight = 1;
        gridConstraints.weightx = 50;
        gridConstraints.weighty = 100;
        gridConstraints.insets = new Insets(5,5,5,5);
        gridConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
        gridConstraints.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;


        //Place components in the pane
        thePanel.add(lblWelcome, gridConstraints);
        gridConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.FIRST_LINE_START;
        gridConstraints.gridwidth = 20;
        gridConstraints.gridx = 15;
        lblWelcome.setFont(new Font("New Times Roman", Font.BOLD, 18));
        lblWelcome.setForeground(Color.RED);

        //Create new vertical box and place a titled border around it
        Box optionBox1 = Box.createVerticalBox();
        optionBox1.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder(null, "Toppings", 0, 0, new Font("times new roman", Font.PLAIN, 14), Color.RED));
        //add components to optionBox1
        optionBox1.add(lblEachTopping);
        lblEachTopping.setForeground(Color.RED);
        optionBox1.add(cbPepproni);
        optionBox1.add(cbSausage);
        optionBox1.add(cbMushrooms);
        optionBox1.add(cbPineapple);
        optionBox1.add(cbOnion);
        optionBox1.add(cbBellPepper);
        //add optionBox1 to WEST quadrant
        thePanel.add(optionBox1, gridConstraints);
        gridConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.LINE_START;
        gridConstraints.gridwidth = 1;
        gridConstraints.gridx = 1;
        gridConstraints.gridy = 10;



        //Create new vertical box and place a titled border around it
        Box optionBox2 = Box.createVerticalBox();
        optionBox2.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder(null, "Pizza Size", 0, 0, new Font("times new roman", Font.PLAIN, 14), Color.RED));
        //Create new ButtonGroup
        grp1 = new ButtonGroup();

        //add components to optionBox2 and grp1
        grp1.add(rbSmall);
        grp1.add(rbMedium);
        grp1.add(rbLarge);
        optionBox2.add(rbSmall);
        optionBox2.add(rbMedium);
        optionBox2.add(rbLarge);
        //add optionBox2 to CENTER 
        thePanel.add(optionBox2, gridConstraints);
        gridConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
        gridConstraints.gridx = 3;
        gridConstraints.gridy = 10;


        Box btnBox = Box.createHorizontalBox();
        btnBox.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder());
        btnBox.add(btnProcessSelection);
        thePanel.add(btnBox);
        gridConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.LAST_LINE_END;
        gridConstraints.gridwidth = 5;
        gridConstraints.gridx = 3;
        gridConstraints.gridy = 12;



        //Create new vertical box and place a titled border around it
        Box optionBox3 = Box.createVerticalBox();
        optionBox3.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder(null, "Pizza Type", 0, 0, new Font("times new roman", Font.PLAIN, 14), Color.RED));
        //Create new ButtonGroup
        grp2 = new ButtonGroup();

        //add components to optionBox2 and grp1
        grp2.add(rbThinCrust);
        grp2.add(rbMediumCrust);
        grp2.add(rbPan);
        optionBox3.add(rbThinCrust);
        optionBox3.add(rbMediumCrust);
        optionBox3.add(rbPan);
        //add optionBox3 to EAST
        thePanel.add(optionBox3, gridConstraints);
        gridConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.LINE_END;
        gridConstraints.gridwidth = 1;
        gridConstraints.gridx = 5;
        gridConstraints.gridy = 10;


        //Create box for lblYourOrder and textArea and 
        //add them to pane in SOUTH quadrant
        Box orderBox = Box.createVerticalBox();
        orderBox.setBorder(null);
        orderBox.add(lblYourOrder);
        orderBox.add(textArea);
        thePanel.add(orderBox, gridConstraints);
        gridConstraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.LAST_LINE_START;
        gridConstraints.gridwidth = 30;
        gridConstraints.gridx = 1;
        gridConstraints.gridy = 13;

        pane.add(thePanel);


        //set window size and display it
        setSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);
        setVisible(true);

        //Center frame
        this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);

        this.pack();


        setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }//End of constructor

    public static void main(String[] args) 
    {
        HomeStylePizza menuTest = new HomeStylePizza();


    }//End of main

    private class CalculateButtonHandler implements ActionListener
    {

        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
        {

        }

    }




}//End of class

它有点难看，你可以忽略我的大部分评论，我一直在努力解决它。我使用的是不同的布局。

Answer 1

已编辑:我继续创建了 Pizza Shop GUI。

我结合使用了 BorderLayouts 和 GridBagLayouts。

我将代码组合在一起，以便于理解。将代码分组并不意味着将所有 JCheckBox 初始化放在一起。对代码进行分组意味着构成 JPanel 的所有元素都在那里，彼此相邻。这样，您就不必遍历所有代码来查找定义 JRadioButton rbMedium 的行。

我为每个 Swing 组件使用了单独的 GridBagConstraints，以便更轻松地调试 GUI。

我已将 Action 监听器留给您编写代码。

这是 GUI 代码:

package com.ggl.testing;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.Insets;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.ButtonGroup;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JCheckBox;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JRadioButton;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.border.Border;

public class HomeStylePizza implements Runnable {

    private static final Insets bottomInsets = new Insets(10, 10, 10, 10);
    private static final Insets normalInsets = new Insets(10, 10, 0, 10);

    // GUI components
    private JCheckBox cbPepproni, cbSausage, cbMushrooms, cbPineapple, cbOnion,
            cbBellPepper;

    private JRadioButton rbSmall, rbMedium, rbLarge, rbThinCrust,
            rbMediumCrust, rbPan;

    private JTextArea textArea;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new HomeStylePizza());
    } // End of main

    @Override
    public void run() {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Pizza Shop");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);

        JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel();
        mainPanel.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());

        int gridy = 0;

        addComponent(mainPanel, createTitlePanel(), 0, gridy++, 2, 1,
                normalInsets, GridBagConstraints.LINE_START,
                GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL);

        addComponent(mainPanel, createToppingPanel(), 0, gridy, 1, 1,
                normalInsets, GridBagConstraints.LINE_START,
                GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL);

        JPanel eastPanel = new JPanel();
        eastPanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        eastPanel.add(createSizePanel(), BorderLayout.WEST);
        eastPanel.add(new JLabel(" "), BorderLayout.CENTER);
        eastPanel.add(createTypePanel(), BorderLayout.EAST);
        eastPanel.add(createButtonPanel(), BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        addComponent(mainPanel, eastPanel, 1, gridy++, 1, 1, normalInsets,
                GridBagConstraints.LINE_START, GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL);

        addComponent(mainPanel, createTextAreaPanel(), 0, gridy++, 2, 1,
                bottomInsets, GridBagConstraints.LINE_START,
                GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL);

        frame.add(mainPanel);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    private JPanel createTitlePanel() {
        JPanel panel = new JPanel();

        JLabel lblWelcome = new JLabel("Welcome to Home Style Pizza Shop");
        Font titleFont = lblWelcome.getFont().deriveFont(20F);
        lblWelcome.setFont(titleFont);
        lblWelcome.setForeground(Color.RED);

        panel.add(lblWelcome);

        return panel;
    }

    private JPanel createToppingPanel() {
        Border redBorder = BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.RED, 2);
        Border emptyBorder = BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(4, 10, 4, 10);

        JPanel panel = new JPanel();
        panel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createCompoundBorder(redBorder,
                emptyBorder));
        panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 1));

        JLabel lblEachTopping = new JLabel("Each Topping: $1.50");
        lblEachTopping.setForeground(Color.RED);
        panel.add(lblEachTopping);

        cbPepproni = new JCheckBox("Pepperoni");
        cbSausage = new JCheckBox("Sausage");
        cbMushrooms = new JCheckBox("Mushrooms");
        cbPineapple = new JCheckBox("Pineapple");
        cbOnion = new JCheckBox("Onion");
        cbBellPepper = new JCheckBox("Bell Pepper");

        // add components to optionBox1
        panel.add(cbPepproni);
        panel.add(cbSausage);
        panel.add(cbMushrooms);
        panel.add(cbPineapple);
        panel.add(cbOnion);
        panel.add(cbBellPepper);

        return panel;
    }

    private JPanel createSizePanel() {
        Border redBorder = BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.RED, 2);
        Border emptyBorder = BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(4, 10, 4, 10);

        JPanel panel = new JPanel();
        panel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createCompoundBorder(redBorder,
                emptyBorder));
        panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 1));

        JLabel lblPizzaSize = new JLabel("Pizza Size");
        lblPizzaSize.setForeground(Color.RED);
        panel.add(lblPizzaSize);

        rbSmall = new JRadioButton("Small: $6.50");
        rbMedium = new JRadioButton("Medium: $8.50");
        rbLarge = new JRadioButton("Large: $10.00");

        // Create new ButtonGroup
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();

        group.add(rbSmall);
        group.add(rbMedium);
        group.add(rbLarge);

        panel.add(rbSmall);
        panel.add(rbMedium);
        panel.add(rbLarge);

        return panel;
    }

    private JPanel createTypePanel() {
        Border redBorder = BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.RED, 2);
        Border emptyBorder = BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(4, 10, 4, 10);

        JPanel panel = new JPanel();
        panel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createCompoundBorder(redBorder,
                emptyBorder));
        panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 1));

        JLabel lblPizzaType = new JLabel("Pizza Type");
        lblPizzaType.setForeground(Color.RED);
        panel.add(lblPizzaType);

        rbThinCrust = new JRadioButton("Thin Crust");
        rbMediumCrust = new JRadioButton("Medium Crust");
        rbPan = new JRadioButton("Pan");

        // Create new ButtonGroup
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();

        // add components to optionBox2 and grp1
        group.add(rbThinCrust);
        group.add(rbMediumCrust);
        group.add(rbPan);

        panel.add(rbThinCrust);
        panel.add(rbMediumCrust);
        panel.add(rbPan);

        return panel;
    }

    private JPanel createButtonPanel() {
        JPanel panel = new JPanel();

        JButton btnProcessSelection = new JButton("Process Selection");
        btnProcessSelection.addActionListener(new CalculateButtonHandler());
        panel.add(btnProcessSelection);

        return panel;
    }

    private JPanel createTextAreaPanel() {
        JPanel panel = new JPanel();
        panel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());

        JLabel lblYourOrder = new JLabel("Your order:");
        panel.add(lblYourOrder, BorderLayout.NORTH);

        textArea = new JTextArea(6, 12);
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        panel.add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        return panel;
    }

    private void addComponent(Container container, Component component,
            int gridx, int gridy, int gridwidth, int gridheight, Insets insets,
            int anchor, int fill) {
        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints(gridx, gridy,
                gridwidth, gridheight, 1.0D, 1.0D, anchor, fill, insets, 0, 0);
        container.add(component, gbc);
    }

    private class CalculateButtonHandler implements ActionListener {

        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {

        }

    }

} // End of HomeStylePizza class