java - 如果没有 Activity 事务，保存无效 - hibernate&spring

Question

首先，我之前在这里搜索过其他类似的问题。不过，我不知道我错在哪里。

最近在Eclipse中构建了一个简单的Hibernate+Spring+MySQL+Maven项目。我在数据库和java连接阶段遇到了麻烦。当我运行该项目时，出现以下错误:

WARN : org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver - HHH000223:Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
WARN : org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.ConnectionProviderInitiator - HHH000181: No appropriate connection provider encountered, assuming application will be supplying connections
Transaction began Exception in thread "main" org.hibernate.HibernateException: save is not valid without active transaction
at   org.hibernate.context.internal.ThreadLocalSessionContext$TransactionProtectionWrapper.invoke(ThreadLocalSessionContext.java:352)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy19.save(Unknown Source)
at com.test.Main.main(Main.java:33)

主类:

package com.test;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

import com.hibernate.data.Person;

public class Main {
public static void main(String [] args){

// Create a configuration instance
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
// Provide configuration file
configuration.configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");
// Build a SessionFactory
SessionFactory factory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().configure().build());
// Get current session, current session is already associated with Thread
Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
// Begin transaction, if you would like save your instances, your calling of save must be associated with a transaction
Transaction tx = session.getTransaction();

// Create person
Person newPerson = new Person();
newPerson.setFirstName("Peter");
newPerson.setLastName("Jackson");
newPerson.setGender("Male");
newPerson.setAge(30);
//Save
session.save(newPerson);
session.flush();

tx.commit();
session.close();
}
}

hbm.xml 文件:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
  "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
      "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping>
<class table="Person" lazy="false" name="com.hibernate.data.Person" >
    <id column="PERSON_ID" type="int" name="id" >
        <generator class="increment"/>
    </id>
        <property name="firstName" column="PERSON_FIRSTNAME" type="string" />
        <property name="lastName" column="PERSON_LASTNAME" type="string" />
        <property name="gender" column="PERSON_GENDER" type="string" />
        <property name="age" column="PERSON_AGE" type="int"  />
  </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

hibernate.cfg.xml 文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>

<session-factory>
<!-- Database connection settings -->
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/PERSONDB</property>
<property name='connection.username'>root</property>
<property name='connection.password'>root</property>

<!-- SQL dialect -->
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<!-- Specify session context -->
<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>
<!-- Show SQL -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- Referring Mapping File -->
<mapping resource="domain-classes.hbm.xml"/>
<mapping class="com.hibernate.data.Person"/>
</session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

applicationContext.xml 文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">
<!-- Enable Spring Annotation Configuration -->
<context:annotation-config />
<!-- Scan for all of Spring components such as Spring Service -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.service"></context:component-scan>
<!-- Create Data Source bean -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
    destroy-method="close">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/PERSONDB" />
    <property name="username" value="root" />
    <property name="password" value="root" />
</bean>
<!-- Define SessionFactory bean -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
       class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="mappingResources">
        <list>
            <value>domain-classes.hbm.xml</value>
        </list>
    </property>
    <property name="configLocation">
        <value>classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml</value>
    </property>
</bean>
<!-- Transaction Manager -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- Detect @Transactional Annotation -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>

我该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

您忘记开始交易:

Transaction tx = session.getTransaction();
tx.begin();

或者，更简单:

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

请注意，您的问题与 Spring 无关，因为您在发布的代码中根本没有使用 Spring。当你这样做时，你必须修复你的 Spring 配置:不要使用 hibernate3 包中的类，因为你使用的是 hibernate4。另外，学习使用注释而不是 hbm.xml 文件来映射实体。 XML 在 Java 1.4 中很有用。但我们还没有到达 Java 1.8。