java - 在不知道 Java 结构的情况下解析 XML 文档

Question

我想要一种方法来解析 XML 文档，而不需要知道它的文档结构或对其节点/元素名称进行硬编码，以返回键、值对中的映射。

我目前正在使用 stAx 解析 XML 文档，当前的实现可以工作，但有趣的是它没有解析整个文档。不知怎的，它正在跳过数据。

通过查看 XML 文档和测试输出，您会注意到并非所有值都被打印。我可能会错过什么？

代码:

public Map<String, String> p(File file) throws Exception {

    Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
    XMLStreamReader xr = XMLInputFactory.newInstance().createXMLStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file));


    while(xr.hasNext()) {

        int e = xr.next();
        if (e == XMLStreamReader.START_ELEMENT) {
            String name = xr.getLocalName();
            xr.next();
            String value = null;
            try {
                value = xr.getText();
            } catch (IllegalStateException exep) {
                exep.printStackTrace();
            }
            map.put(name, value);
        } 
    }
    return map;
}



@Test
public void test() throws Exception, FactoryConfigurationError, Exception {
    File f = new File("xmlDir/request.xml");
    Map<String,String> map = p(f);

    // Print all Key/Value pairs
    for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry: map.entrySet()) {
        String key = entry.getKey(); 
        String value = entry.getValue();
        logger.debug("Key: "+key);
        logger.debug("Value: "+value);
    }

    Assert.assertEquals(map.get("MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP"), "136");
    Assert.assertEquals(map.get("MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP"), "125");
    Assert.assertEquals(map.get("AdjustedGrossIncomeAmt"), "22000");
    Assert.assertEquals(map.get("TotalExemptionsCnt"), "1");
}

输出:

2015-08-18 16:21:44,408 : Key: IRS1095A
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 

2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 125
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: IndividualReturnFilingStatusCd
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 1
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: IRS1040
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 

2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 

2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 250
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: Filer
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 

2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: TotalPremiumSLCSPAmtPP
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 3000
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: ResidentStateAbbreviationCdPP
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: CA
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: TotalPlanPremiumAmtPP
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 1632
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: TotalExemptionsCnt
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 1
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: TotalAdvancedPTCAmtPP
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 1500
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 136
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: RecipientSSNPP
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 555-11-2222
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: WagesSalariesAndTipsAmt
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 22000
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: MonthCdPP
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: NOVEMBER
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: ReturnData
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 

2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: PrimaryResidentStatesInfoGrpPP
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 

2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: SelfSelectPINGrp
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 

2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: ResidentStateInfoPP
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 

2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: Return
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 

2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: PrimaryBirthDt
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 1970-01-01
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: ReturnHeader
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 

2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: AdjustedGrossIncomeAmt
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 22000
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Key: PrimarySSN
2015-08-18 16:21:44,409 : Value: 555-11-2222

XML文档:request.xml

<Return xmlns="http://www.irs.gov/efile">
  <ReturnData>
    <IRS1095A uuid="a77f40a2-af31-4404-a27d-4c1eaad730c2">
      <MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid="69dc9dd5-5415-4ee4-a199-19b2dbb701be">
        <MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>136</MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>
        <MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>125</MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>
        <MonthCdPP>SEPTEMBER</MonthCdPP>
        <MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>250</MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>
      </MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP>
      <MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid="8495fa61-0e7c-45e3-8f07-9765f4ef2fc3">
        <MonthCdPP>OCTOBER</MonthCdPP>
        <MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>250</MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>
        <MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>125</MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>
        <MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>136</MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>
      </MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP>
      <MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid="7de1052f-6107-41da-aea4-e4495018fc80">
        <MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>136</MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>
        <MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>125</MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>
        <MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>250</MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>
        <MonthCdPP>APRIL</MonthCdPP>
      </MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP>
      <MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid="634d5af9-51fb-42ee-a90d-5a4f421e6854">
        <MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>136</MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>
        <MonthCdPP>JUNE</MonthCdPP>
        <MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>250</MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>
        <MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>125</MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>
      </MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP>
      <MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid="a2f7de3f-650c-4a5e-b26c-30cfd7782d6c">
        <MonthCdPP>MAY</MonthCdPP>
        <MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>136</MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>
        <MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>250</MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>
        <MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>125</MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>
      </MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP>
      <MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid="a77f40a2-af31-4404-a27d-4c1eaad730c2">
        <MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>136</MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>
        <MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>250</MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>
        <MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>125</MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>
        <MonthCdPP>JANUARY</MonthCdPP>
      </MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP>
      <MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid="01650aee-9d5d-4ce1-9079-ebedea3bf416">
        <MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>136</MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>
        <MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>125</MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>
        <MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>250</MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>
        <MonthCdPP>MARCH</MonthCdPP>
      </MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP>
      <MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid="581ba189-222d-4999-aa1a-3b290666ef5f">
        <MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>250</MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>
        <MonthCdPP>AUGUST</MonthCdPP>
        <MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>136</MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>
        <MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>125</MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>
      </MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP>
      <TotalPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>3000</TotalPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>
      <MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid="549ff57a-58dc-4365-b05c-e3e520b3e8cb">
        <MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>136</MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>
        <MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>125</MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>
        <MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>250</MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>
        <MonthCdPP>DECEMBER</MonthCdPP>
      </MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP>
      <MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid="195836cf-32b3-4316-99d4-6b1eab31e16d">
        <MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>136</MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>
        <MonthCdPP>JULY</MonthCdPP>
        <MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>125</MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>
        <MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>250</MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>
      </MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP>
      <MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid="c1289d91-7ce1-41ee-9c8a-f72212e82752">
        <MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>136</MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>
        <MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>125</MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>
        <MonthCdPP>FEBRUARY</MonthCdPP>
        <MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>250</MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>
      </MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP>
      <TotalAdvancedPTCAmtPP>1500</TotalAdvancedPTCAmtPP>
      <RecipientSSNPP>555-11-2222</RecipientSSNPP>
      <MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid="50876222-165d-442a-81e0-0b05dc3c30fb">
        <MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>125</MonthlyAdvancedPTCAmtPP>
        <MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>136</MonthlyPlanPremiumAmtPP>
        <MonthCdPP>NOVEMBER</MonthCdPP>
        <MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>250</MonthlyPremiumSLCSPAmtPP>
      </MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP>
      <TotalPlanPremiumAmtPP>1632</TotalPlanPremiumAmtPP>
    </IRS1095A>
    <IRS1040>
      <IndividualReturnFilingStatusCd>1</IndividualReturnFilingStatusCd>
      <WagesSalariesAndTipsAmt>22000</WagesSalariesAndTipsAmt>
      <TotalExemptionsCnt>1</TotalExemptionsCnt>
      <AdjustedGrossIncomeAmt>22000</AdjustedGrossIncomeAmt>
    </IRS1040>
  </ReturnData>
  <ReturnHeader>
    <SelfSelectPINGrp>
      <PrimaryBirthDt>1970-01-01</PrimaryBirthDt>
    </SelfSelectPINGrp>
    <Filer>
      <PrimarySSN>555-11-2222</PrimarySSN>
      <PrimaryResidentStatesInfoGrpPP>
        <ResidentStateInfoPP uuid="a77f40a2-af31-4404-a27d-4c1eaad730c2">
          <ResidentStateAbbreviationCdPP>CA</ResidentStateAbbreviationCdPP>
        </ResidentStateInfoPP>
      </PrimaryResidentStatesInfoGrpPP>
    </Filer>
  </ReturnHeader>
</Return>

Answer 1

您有多个同名元素，这些元素由其 uid 标识。通过遍历 XML 属性来提取它们。

    String name = "",value = "", attrName = "";
    while(xr.hasNext()) {
        int e = xr.next();
        switch (e)
        {
            case XMLStreamReader.START_ELEMENT:
            {
                name = xr.getLocalName();
                final int attributeCount = xr.getAttributeCount();
                if(attributeCount > 0)
                {
                    attrName = xr.getAttributeName(0).getLocalPart();
                    final String attributeValue = xr.getAttributeValue(0);
                    System.out.println(name + " " + attrName + " " + attributeValue);
                }
                break;
            }
            case XMLStreamReader.CHARACTERS:
            {
                value = xr.getText();
                break;
            }
        }
    }

运行会给你这个

IRS1095A uuid a77f40a2-af31-4404-a27d-4c1eaad730c2
MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid 69dc9dd5-5415-4ee4-a199-19b2dbb701be
MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid 8495fa61-0e7c-45e3-8f07-9765f4ef2fc3
MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid 7de1052f-6107-41da-aea4-e4495018fc80
MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid 634d5af9-51fb-42ee-a90d-5a4f421e6854
MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid a2f7de3f-650c-4a5e-b26c-30cfd7782d6c
MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid a77f40a2-af31-4404-a27d-4c1eaad730c2
MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid 01650aee-9d5d-4ce1-9079-ebedea3bf416
MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid 581ba189-222d-4999-aa1a-3b290666ef5f
MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid 549ff57a-58dc-4365-b05c-e3e520b3e8cb
MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid 195836cf-32b3-4316-99d4-6b1eab31e16d
MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid c1289d91-7ce1-41ee-9c8a-f72212e82752
MonthlyPTCInformationGrpPP uuid 50876222-165d-442a-81e0-0b05dc3c30fb
ResidentStateInfoPP uuid a77f40a2-af31-4404-a27d-4c1eaad730c2

使用XMLStreamReader.CHARACTERS提取字符的常量。一个Map<String, String>包含元素名称将无法扁平化此 XML。我建议使用XPATH .