java - org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException 与事务管理器

Question

我一直在 Restful 应用程序上研究 Spring MVC，但我很难让它正常工作。

我的应用程序具有以下结构:

• @Entity 类
• @Repository 类(使用 @Transactional 进行查询)
• @RestfulController类(为了简单起见，我没有实现服务层)

我想使用@Transactional进行查询，但当我在 spring xml 文件上配置它时，服务器启动时收到错误消息。

WARN : org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext - Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'calendarController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private br.com.milo.repository.CalendarRepository br.com.milo.controller.CalendarController.repository; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Can not set br.com.milo.repository.CalendarRepository field br.com.milo.controller.CalendarController.repository to com.sun.proxy.$Proxy47
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:334)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1214)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:543)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:305)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:301)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:196)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:772)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:835)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:537)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:667)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:633)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:681)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:552)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:493)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:136)
    at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1284)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1197)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:1087)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:5253)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5543)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1574)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1564)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

仅当我在 spring 配置文件中添加以下配置时才会发生此错误:

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>    

如果我删除这一行，问题就会消失，Restful 请求工作正常，但是存储库方法不会保存数据。在这种情况下，将显示以下消息(此错误发生在另一个 Controller 上，因为 Callendar 功能尚未完成。尽管如此，该异常是相关的，因为它涉及事务):

Dec 29, 2015 5:03:45 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet [appServlet] in context with path [/milo] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: No EntityManager with actual transaction available for current thread - cannot reliably process 'persist' call] with root cause
javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: No EntityManager with actual transaction available for current thread - cannot reliably process 'persist' call
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:277)
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy45.persist(Unknown Source)
    at br.com.milo.repository.FarmRepository.save(FarmRepository.java:28)
    at br.com.milo.controller.FarmController.insertFarm(FarmController.java:70)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
    at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:221)
    at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:137)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:110)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:806)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:729)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:85)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:959)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:893)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:970)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:872)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:650)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:846)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:731)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:316)
    at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.invoke(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:126)
    at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.doFilter(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:90)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:114)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter.doFilter(SessionManagementFilter.java:122)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.java:111)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.java:169)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter.doFilter(RequestCacheAwareFilter.java:48)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.www.BasicAuthenticationFilter.doFilterInternal(BasicAuthenticationFilter.java:158)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.doFilter(AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.java:205)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:120)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at br.com.milo.security.CsrfHeaderFilter.doFilterInternal(CsrfHeaderFilter.java:34)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.csrf.CsrfFilter.doFilterInternal(CsrfFilter.java:120)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doFilterInternal(HeaderWriterFilter.java:64)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.doFilterInternal(WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.java:53)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:91)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:213)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:176)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:346)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:262)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:220)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:122)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:505)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:170)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:956)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:423)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1079)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:625)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:318)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

这是我的 spring 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <context:component-scan base-package="br.com.milo" />

    <resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />
    <resources mapping="/pages/**" location="/pages/" />
    <resources mapping="/login/**" location="/login/" />

    <beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
        <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
        <beans:property name="messageConverters">
            <beans:list>
                <beans:ref bean="jsonMessageConverter"/>
            </beans:list>
        </beans:property>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
    </beans:bean>   

    <beans:bean id="myEmf" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
      <beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
      <beans:property name="packagesToScan" value="br.com.milo" />
      <beans:property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
         <beans:bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter" />
      </beans:property>
      <beans:property name="jpaProperties">
         <beans:props>
            <beans:prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</beans:prop>
         </beans:props>
      </beans:property>
   </beans:bean>

   <beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
      <beans:property name="driverClassName" value="org.postgresql.Driver" />
      <beans:property name="url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/milo" />
      <beans:property name="username" value="123" />
      <beans:property name="password" value="123" />
   </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <beans:property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="myEmf" />
    </beans:bean>
    <!-- Just when I add this line the error above  is shown -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>    
</beans:beans>

这是 CalendarController.java 类

package br.com.milo.controller;

import java.util.List;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import br.com.milo.domain.Calendar;
import br.com.milo.domain.Owner;
import br.com.milo.domain.DTO.CalendarMonthDTO;
import br.com.milo.repository.CalendarRepository;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/rest/calendar")
public class CalendarController {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CalendarController.class);

    @Autowired
    private CalendarRepository repository;

    @RequestMapping(value = RestPaths.GET_CALENDAR, method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public @ResponseBody Calendar getCalendar(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
        logger.info("Start Get Calendar. ID=" + id);
        return repository.findById(id);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = RestPaths.LIST_CALENDARS, method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public @ResponseBody List<Calendar> listCalendars() {
        logger.info("Start List Calendars.");
        List<Calendar> calendars = repository.list();
        return calendars;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = RestPaths.LIST_CALENDAR_BY_OWNER, method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public @ResponseBody List<Calendar> listByOwner(@RequestBody Owner o) {
        logger.info("Start List Calendars By Owner.");
        List<Calendar> calendars = repository.listByType(o);
        return calendars;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = RestPaths.UPDATE_CALENDAR, method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public @ResponseBody Calendar updateCalendar(@RequestBody Calendar calendar) {
        logger.info("Start Update Calendar.");
        repository.update(calendar);
        return calendar;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = RestPaths.INSERT_CALENDAR, method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public @ResponseBody Calendar insertCalendar(@RequestBody Calendar calendar) {
        logger.info("Start Insert Calendar.");
        repository.save(calendar);
        return calendar;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = RestPaths.DELETE_CALENDAR, method = RequestMethod.PUT)
    public @ResponseBody Calendar deleteCalendar(@PathVariable("id") int calendarId) {
        logger.info("Start delete Calendar.");
        Calendar calendar = repository.findById(calendarId);
        repository.delete(calendar);
        return calendar;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = RestPaths.LIST_CALENDAR_BY_MONTH, method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public @ResponseBody List<Calendar> listByMonth(@RequestBody CalendarMonthDTO calendarDTO) {
        logger.info("Start List Calendar By Month.");
        List<Calendar> calendars = repository.listByMonth(calendarDTO.getOwner(), calendarDTO.getYear(), calendarDTO.getMonth());
        return calendars;
    }

}

这是 CalendarRepository.java 类

package br.com.milo.repository;

import java.util.List;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
import javax.persistence.Query;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import br.com.milo.domain.Calendar;
import br.com.milo.domain.Owner;

@Repository
public class CalendarRepository implements br.com.milo.repository.Repository<Calendar, Owner>{

    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager entityManager;

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public void save(Calendar calendar) {
        entityManager.persist(calendar);
    }

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public void update(Calendar calendar) {
        entityManager.merge(calendar);
    }

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public void delete(Integer id) {
        this.delete(this.findById(id));
    }

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public void delete(Calendar calendar){
        entityManager.remove(calendar);
    }

    @Override
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public List<Calendar> list() {
        Query query = entityManager.createQuery("from Calendar c order by c.calendarDate DESC");
        return query.getResultList();
    }

    @Override
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public List<Calendar> listByType(Owner o) {

        if(o != null){
            Query query = entityManager.createQuery("from Calendar c join c.ownerList o where o.name = :owner");
            query.setParameter("owner", o.getName());
            return query.getResultList();
        }
        return null;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public List<Calendar> listByMonth(Owner o, int year, int month) {

        if(o != null){
            Query query = entityManager.createQuery("from Calendar c join c.ownerList o "
                + "where o.name = :owner "
                + "and month(e.calendarDate)=:month "
                + "and year(e.calendarDate)=:year");
            query.setParameter("owner", o.getName());
            query.setParameter("month", month);
            query.setParameter("year", year);
            return query.getResultList();
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Calendar findById(Integer id) {
        Calendar calendar = entityManager.find(Calendar.class, id);
        return calendar;
    }

}

预先感谢您查看我的问题!

Answer 1

CalendarController 中的repository 字段应该由接口(interface)定义，而不是由类定义。 Spring 围绕您的 CalendarRepository 创建一个代理，它实现相同的接口(interface)，但不是 CalendarRepository 的子类。

这个问题是关于完全相同的问题:@Autowired return exception on UserDetails in Spring-security

You are trying to autowire your user details service by class, but that can't work, because the spring bean is actually a proxy created around that class (and not an instance of the class). The proxy will however implement all interfaces of the original bean, so injecting by interface is safe.

Exchange this line:

@Autowired
private MyCustomUserDetailsService myCustomUserDetailsService;

for this one:

@Autowired
private UserDetailsService myCustomUserDetailsService;

Read the section on Proxying Mechanisms in the Spring AOP to understand the details.

因此，在您的情况下，您可以使用所需的方法创建一个新的接口(interface) CalendarRepository，然后在 class CalendarRepositoryImpl Implements CalendarRepository 中实现:

interface CalendarRepository extends br.com.milo.repository.Repository<Calendar, Owner>{
    void save(Calendar calendar);
    void update(Calendar calendar);
    void delete(Integer id);
    ... (and all other methods you need)
}

@Repository
class CalendarRepositoryImpl implements CalendarRepository {
    ... (what you currently have in CalendarRepository)
}

class CalendarController {
    @Autowired
    CalendarRepository repository; // NOT CalendarRepositoryImpl
}