java - Mockito + TestNG + String - 测试在没有 Autowiring 的情况下无法工作

Question

我正在为一个网络应用程序编写单元测试，但我遇到了服务层问题。 App使用Spring Data JPA和H2数据库进行测试。

这是我的测试类:

@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {TestConfiguration.class})
@TestPropertySource(locations = "classpath:test.properties")
@Transactional
public class AuthorCreateServiceTest extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests {

@Mock
private AuthorRepository authorRepository;

private AuthorCreateServiceImpl authorCreateServiceImpl;

private Author firstAuthor;
private Author secondAuthor;

@BeforeClass
public void setUp() {
    authorCreateServiceImpl = new AuthorCreateServiceImpl(authorRepository);
    firstAuthor = new Author();
    firstAuthor.setFirstName("Leo");
    firstAuthor.setLastName("Manly");
    firstAuthor.setNationality("Mexico");
    firstAuthor.setId(3L);
    secondAuthor = new Author();
    secondAuthor.setFirstName("Zorro");
    secondAuthor.setLastName("Plata");
    secondAuthor.setNationality("Zambia");
    secondAuthor.setId(4L);
}

@Test
public void succesfullySaveAuthorTest() {
    Author testAuthor = authorCreateServiceImpl.create(firstAuthor);
    Assert.assertEquals(testAuthor.getFirstName(), firstAuthor.getFirstName());
}

@Test
public void failSavingAuthorTest() {
    String firstName = "Man";
    Author testAuthor = authorCreateServiceImpl.create(secondAuthor);
    boolean isEqual = testAuthor.getFirstName().equals(firstName);
    Assert.assertFalse(isEqual);
}

}

在此状态下，testAuthor 为 null，但存储库和 createService 对象存在。但是，如果我向 AuthrhorCreateServiceImpl 字段添加 Autowired 注释，它就可以正常工作。

Autowired 是必要的还是我做错了什么？

编辑

测试配置类

@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.altkom.library"} )
@Configuration
@TestPropertySource(locations = "classpath:test.properties")
public class TestConfiguration extends JPAConfiguration {

public TestConfiguration(Environment environment) {
    super(environment);
}

@Bean(destroyMethod = "shutdown")
public DataSource dataSource() {
    EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder builder = new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder();
    EmbeddedDatabase dataBase = builder.setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.H2).addScript("classpath:import.sql").build();
    return dataBase;
}
}

Answer 1

如果要从spring-context获取bean，则需要这个注解。在您的实现中，您创建了一个带有模拟存储库的服务。模拟对象默认返回 null。您可以使用 Mockito.when() 覆盖默认行为。