java - JPA- hibernate : UniqueConstraint on OneToOne & ManyToOne JoinColumns

Question

我需要对 OneToOne 和 ManyToOne 关系的一些 JoinColumn 设置唯一约束，但即使我在 @JoinColumn 注释中正确设置名称，Hibernate 似乎也找不到这些列。这对我来说似乎很奇怪，因为同样的约束在 Liquibase 上工作得很好。

这是我的实体类:

package entities;

import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;

import javax.persistence.*;

import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Objects;

/**
 * A MyAnswer.
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "my_answer",
    uniqueConstraints = @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = {"question_id, questionnaire_id", "user_id"})
)
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE)
@Document(indexName = "myanswer")
public class MyAnswer implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = "sequenceGenerator")
    @SequenceGenerator(name = "sequenceGenerator")
    private Long id;

    @Column(name = "mycheck")
    private String mycheck;

    @OneToOne
    @JoinColumn
    private Answer answer;

    @OneToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "question_id")
    private Question question;

    @OneToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "questionnaire_id")
    private Questionnaire questionnaire;

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "user_id")
    private User user;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getMycheck() {
        return mycheck;
    }

    public MyAnswer mycheck(String mycheck) {
        this.mycheck = mycheck;
        return this;
    }

    public void setMycheck(String mycheck) {
        this.mycheck = mycheck;
    }

    public Answer getAnswer() {
        return answer;
    }

    public MyAnswer answer(Answer answer) {
        this.answer = answer;
        return this;
    }

    public void setAnswer(Answer answer) {
        this.answer = answer;
    }

    public Question getQuestion() {
        return question;
    }

    public MyAnswer question(Question question) {
        this.question = question;
        return this;
    }

    public void setQuestion(Question question) {
        this.question = question;
    }

    public Questionnaire getQuestionnaire() {
        return questionnaire;
    }

    public MyAnswer questionnaire(Questionnaire questionnaire) {
        this.questionnaire = questionnaire;
        return this;
    }

    public void setQuestionnaire(Questionnaire questionnaire) {
        this.questionnaire = questionnaire;
    }

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public MyAnswer user(User user) {
        this.user = user;
        return this;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) {
            return true;
        }
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) {
            return false;
        }
        MyAnswer myAnswer = (MyAnswer) o;
        if (myAnswer.getId() == null || getId() == null) {
            return false;
        }
        return Objects.equals(getId(), myAnswer.getId());
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hashCode(getId());
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "MyAnswer{" +
            "id=" + getId() +
            ", mycheck='" + getMycheck() + "'" +
            "}";
    }
}

抛出异常日志下方:

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.AnnotationException: Unable to create unique key constraint (question_id, questionnaire_id, user_id) on table my_answer: database column 'question_id, questionnaire_id' not found. Make sure that you use the correct column name which depends on the naming strategy in use (it may not be the same as the property name in the entity, especially for relational types)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1628)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:555)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:483)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1080)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:857)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:543)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:122)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:693)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:360)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:303)
    at project.App.main(App.java:68)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49)
Caused by: org.hibernate.AnnotationException: Unable to create unique key constraint (question_id, questionnaire_id, user_id) on table my_answer: database column 'question_id, questionnaire_id' not found. Make sure that you use the correct column name which depends on the naming strategy in use (it may not be the same as the property name in the entity, especially for relational types)
    at org.hibernate.boot.internal.InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.buildUniqueKeyFromColumnNames(InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.java:2074)
    at org.hibernate.boot.internal.InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.buildUniqueKeyFromColumnNames(InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.java:1935)
    at org.hibernate.boot.internal.InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.processUniqueConstraintHolders(InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.java:1923)
    at org.hibernate.boot.internal.InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.processSecondPasses(InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.java:1595)
    at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.spi.MetadataBuildingProcess.complete(MetadataBuildingProcess.java:278)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.metadata(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:858)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:885)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:60)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:360)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:382)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:371)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:336)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1687)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1624)
    ... 19 common frames omitted

2018-05-15 17:25:20.943  WARN 16173 --- [neut-Executor-1] com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.ProxyConnection   : HikariPool-1 - Connection org.postgresql.jdbc.PgConnection@669c1cb9 marked as broken because of SQLSTATE(08003), ErrorCode(0)

Answer 1

您的约束声明是错误的。而不是

@UniqueConstraint(columnNames = {"question_id, questionnaire_id", "user_id"})

使用

@UniqueConstraint(columnNames = {"question_id", "questionnaire_id", "user_id"})

请注意引号中的区别。您需要一个 3 元素字符串数组作为 3 列约束的列名称，但您只有一个 2 元素字符串数组，第一个元素是无效的列名称引用。