java - 控制台输入，使用 Maven 在 NetBeans 9 中丢失 UTF8 编码

Question

给定测试沙箱，使用 Netbeans9(为 UTF8 任务正确配置)、Java8:

    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
    String UTF8 = "UTF-8"; // Also tried UTF8, no way.
    System.setOut(new PrintStream(System.out, true, UTF8)); // Essential!
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in, UTF8);
    String command = "";
    while (!command.equals("quit")) {
        // command = scanner.nextLine(); // Doesn't work let's try something else.
        command = new String(scanner.nextLine().getBytes(UTF8), Charset.forName(UTF8));
        System.out.println("你好>" + command);
    }
}

输出结果为:

hello!
你好>hello!
let's write some chinese: 再见！
你好>let's write some chinese: ��

System.out 正确输出了 UTF8，但我不断丢失扫描仪的编码。正如您所看到的，扫描仪设置良好(据我所知)，我尝试了 UTF8 和 UTF-8。

我可以通过什么方式从控制台保留原始字符？

更新看起来这是 Netbeans 与 Maven 结合的问题。正如我所说，Netbeans 已正确设置，在控制台配置上使用 -J-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 和 UTF-8，但控制台的键盘输入会丢失编码。仅适用于 Maven 项目。

在命令行控制台和 Eclipse 中工作正常。

Answer 1

这不是解决方案，但由于我无法重现您的失败，下面的列表可能会帮助您自行解决问题。由于这个 WORKSFORME，并且我们使用相同版本的 NetBeans 和 JDK，我认为问题不是 NetBeans 本身。相反，我们需要找到配置和设置中的差异。

您可以尝试的一件事是删除您的缓存目录和用户目录。它们的路径显示在帮助>关于屏幕的底部。但是，请注意，这样做可能会删除本地 Maven 存储库并强制重建它。您还可能会丢失一些自定义设置，因此仅当您知道自己不关心哪些内容可能会被删除时才执行此操作。

构建输出:

ant -f D:\\NB82\\ScanChinese -Dnb.internal.action.name=rebuild clean jar
init:
deps-clean:
Updating property file: D:\NB82\ScanChinese\build\built-clean.properties
Deleting directory D:\NB82\ScanChinese\build
clean:
init:
deps-jar:
Created dir: D:\NB82\ScanChinese\build
Updating property file: D:\NB82\ScanChinese\build\built-jar.properties
Created dir: D:\NB82\ScanChinese\build\classes
Created dir: D:\NB82\ScanChinese\build\empty
Created dir: D:\NB82\ScanChinese\build\generated-sources\ap-source-output
Compiling 1 source file to D:\NB82\ScanChinese\build\classes
compile:
Created dir: D:\NB82\ScanChinese\dist
Copying 1 file to D:\NB82\ScanChinese\build
Nothing to copy.
Building jar: D:\NB82\ScanChinese\dist\ScanChinese.jar
To run this application from the command line without Ant, try:
java -jar "D:\NB82\ScanChinese\dist\ScanChinese.jar"
deploy:
jar:
BUILD SUCCESSFUL (total time: 1 second)

运行输出:

run:
hello!
你好>hello!
let's write some chinese: 再见！
你好>let's write some chinese: 再见！
BUILD STOPPED (total time: 41 seconds)

我使用 NetBeans 项目向导创建了一个没有 Maven 的简单 Java 应用程序。我刚刚复制/粘贴了你的 main() 方法:

package scanchinese;

import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class ScanChinese {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
        String UTF8 = "UTF-8"; // Also tried UTF8, no way.
        System.setOut(new PrintStream(System.out, true, UTF8)); // Essential!
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in, UTF8);
        String command = "";
        while (!command.equals("quit")) {
            // command = scanner.nextLine(); // Doesn't work let's try something else.
            command = new String(scanner.nextLine().getBytes(UTF8), Charset.forName(UTF8));
            System.out.println("你好>" + command);
        }
    }
}

netbeans.conf:

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
# specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
#
# Default locations of userdir and cachedir:
# (http://wiki.netbeans.org/FaqWhatIsUserdir)
#
# On Windows ${DEFAULT_USERDIR_ROOT} will be replaced by the launcher
# with "<AppData>\NetBeans" where <AppData> is user's
# value of "AppData" key in Windows Registry under
# "HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders"
# and ${DEFAULT_CACHEDIR_ROOT} will be replaced by the launcher
# with "<Local AppData>\NetBeans\Cache" where <Local AppData> is user's
# value of "Local AppData" key in Windows Registry under
# "HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders"
#
# On Mac ${DEFAULT_USERDIR_ROOT} will be replaced by the launcher
# with "~/Library/Application Support/NetBeans" and
# ${DEFAULT_CACHEDIR_ROOT} with "~/Library/Caches/NetBeans"
#
# On other systems ${DEFAULT_USERDIR_ROOT} will be replaced by the launcher
# with "~/.netbeans" and ${DEFAULT_CACHEDIR_ROOT} with "~/.cache/netbeans"
#
# You can also use ${HOME} variable which will be replaced with
# user.home JVM system property value. This variable is valid only in
# netbeans_default_userdir and netbeans_default_cachedir properties.
#
# NOTE: If you specify a non-default userdir path on command line
# (--userdir option) and don't specify a cachedir path (--cachedir option),
# cachedir will be in "<userdir>/var/cache".
#
# Cachedir must be different from userdir. The same cachedir and userdir
# would cause problems.
#
netbeans_default_userdir="${DEFAULT_USERDIR_ROOT}/9.0"
netbeans_default_cachedir="${DEFAULT_CACHEDIR_ROOT}/9.0"

# Options used by NetBeans launcher by default:
# (can be overridden by explicit command line switches)
#
# Note that default -Xmx is selected for you automatically.
# You can find these values in var/log/messages.log file in your userdir.
# The automatically selected value can be overridden by specifying -J-Xmx
# here or on the command line.
#
# If you specify the heap size explicitly, you may also want to enable
# Concurrent Mark & Sweep garbage collector.
# (see http://wiki.netbeans.org/FaqGCPauses)
#
netbeans_default_options="-J-XX:+UseStringDeduplication -J-Xss2m -J-Xms32m -J-Dnetbeans.logger.console=true -J-Dapple.laf.useScreenMenuBar=true -J-Dapple.awt.graphics.UseQuartz=true -J-Dsun.java2d.noddraw=true -J-Dsun.java2d.dpiaware=true -J-Dsun.zip.disableMemoryMapping=true -J-Dplugin.manager.check.updates=false -J-Dnetbeans.extbrowser.manual_chrome_plugin_install=yes -J--add-opens=java.base/java.net=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-opens=java.base/java.lang.ref=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-opens=java.base/java.security=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-opens=java.desktop/javax.swing.plaf.basic=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-opens=java.desktop/javax.swing.text=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-opens=java.desktop/javax.swing=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-opens=java.desktop/java.awt=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-opens=java.desktop/java.awt.event=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-opens=java.prefs/java.util.prefs=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-opens=jdk.jshell/jdk.jshell=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-modules=jdk.jshell -J--add-exports=java.desktop/sun.awt=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-exports=java.desktop/java.awt.peer=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-exports=java.desktop/com.sun.beans.editors=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-exports=java.desktop/sun.swing=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-exports=java.desktop/sun.awt.im=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-exports=jdk.internal.jvmstat/sun.jvmstat.monitor=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-exports=java.management/sun.management=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-exports=java.base/sun.reflect.annotation=ALL-UNNAMED -J--add-exports=jdk.javadoc/com.sun.tools.javadoc.main=ALL-UNNAMED -J-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions -J-Dswing.aatext=true -J-Dawt.useSystemAAFontSettings=lcd -J-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8"

# Default location of JDK:
# (set by installer or commented out if launcher should decide)
#
# It can be overridden on command line by using --jdkhome <dir>
# Be careful when changing jdkhome.
# There are two NetBeans launchers for Windows (32-bit and 64-bit) and
# installer points to one of those in the NetBeans application shortcut 
# based on the Java version selected at installation time.
#
#netbeans_jdkhome="/path/to/jdk"
#netbeans_jdkhome="C:\Java\jdk-10.0.2"
#netbeans_jdkhome="C:\Java\jdk-11"
netbeans_jdkhome="C:\Java\jdk1.8.0_181"

# Additional module clusters:
# using ${path.separator} (';' on Windows or ':' on Unix):
#
#netbeans_extraclusters="/absolute/path/to/cluster1:/absolute/path/to/cluster2"

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