java - 如何模拟 Rest Template 的 getForEntity() 方法

Question

我是 mockito 的新手，需要一些帮助，可能是一些有关如何模拟 Rest Template 的 getForEntity 和 postForEntity 方法的示例。下面是我想通过模拟 getForEntity 方法来编写 Junit 测试用例的代码。

SomeService.java

class SomeService
{
   //some private, static,  final data members
   public Map getService(String sNo, String uId, String en)
   {
      ResponseEntity <Map> response = new 
      RestTemplate().getForEntity("https://someurl.com/someService", 
      Map.class);
      Map body = response.getBody();
      //do something

      HttpEntity<?> request = new HttpEntity <>(payLoad, headers);
      //payload is Hash Map and headers is a LinkedMultiValueMap
      ResponseEntity <Map> response = new RestTemplate().postForEntity(url, 
      request, headers);
      return response.getBody(); 

   }   
}

我尝试用@Mock 和@InjectMocks 做一些事情。

TestSomeService.java

@RunWith(MockitoJunitRunner.class)
class TestSomeService
{
   @Mock
   RestTemplate restTemplate;
   @InjectMocks
   SomeService ser;
   /*Some data members*/
   @Before
   {
      HttpEntity <?> request = new HttpEntity<>(reqPayload, headers);
      Mockito.when(restTemplate.getForEntity("theUrl", 
      Map.class)).thenReturn(new ResponseEntity <Map>(someMap, 
      HttpStatus.OK));
      Mockito.when(restTemplate.postForEntity("anotherUrl", request, 
      Map.class)).thenReturn(new ResponseEntity <Map>(expectedMap, 
      HttpStatus.OK));

   }  
   @Test
   public void testGetService()
   {
       Map <String, Object> result = ser.getService("123", "abc", "QA");
   }    
}

Answer 1

当你调用特定值时，你必须用ArgumentMatchers.eq()包装它。但是，您也可以使用 anyString()、any(Class class) 等。它们都是不言自明的。 Mockito tutorial .

@Before
public void init (){
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);

    HttpEntity <?> request = new HttpEntity<>(reqPayload, headers);

    Mockito.when(restTemplate.getForEntity(ArgumentMatchers.eq("theUrl"),ArgumentMatchers.any(Map.class)))
            .thenReturn(new ResponseEntity <Map>(someMap, HttpStatus.OK));
}

关于你的结构。这样你就可以通过构造函数注入(inject)RestTemplate。

public class ServiceTester {

    @Mock
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    private Service service;

    @Before
    public void init (){
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);

        service = new Service(restTemplate);

        HttpEntity <?> request = new HttpEntity<>(reqPayload, headers);

        Mockito.when(restTemplate.getForEntity(ArgumentMatchers.eq("theUrl"),ArgumentMatchers.any(Map.class)))
                .thenReturn(new ResponseEntity <Map>(someMap, HttpStatus.OK));
    }


}

class Service {

    private RestTemplate template;

    @Autowired
    public Service(RestTemplate template) {
        this.template = template;
    }

    public Map doSomething () {
        // do something with template
    }
}