java - 如何模拟扩展另一个接口(interface)的接口(interface)

Question

我有一个界面

@Repository
public interface WorkJobRepository extends JpaRepository<WorkJob, Long> {

    WorkJob findById(String id);
}

这扩展了JpaRepository。

现在来自其他一些类ReadWorkJob

public class ReadWorkJob implements WorkJob {

    @Autowired
    private WorkJobRepository;

    public void writeNewIdData(JSONObject jsonObject) {
        WorkJob workJob = getExistingId(jsonObject.get("id").toString());
    }

    private WorkJob getExistingId(String id) {
        logger.info("check point ppppp");
        WorkJob workJob = workJobRepository.findById(id);
        logger.info("check point qqqqq");
        return workJob != null ? workJob : new WorkJob();
    }
}

我这样调用它

workJobRepository.findById(id);

现在我想测试类 ReadWorkJob 中的方法，为此我想模拟对 workJobRepository 的调用并希望它返回 null.

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class ReadWorkJobTest {

    private static final String RIGHT_DATA_FILE_NAME = "test.txt";

    @InjectMocks
    private ReadWorkJob readWorkJob;

    private WorkJobRepository workJobRepository;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        workJobRepository = Mockito.mock(WorkJobRepository.class);
        when(workJobRepository.findById(any())).thenReturn(null);
        logger.info("check point test case setup");
    }

    @Test
    public void testNewIdDBWriter() throws Exception {
        logger.info("check point test case 1");
        // In here i am not asserting anything i just want the method call to succeed first
        readWorkJob.writeNewIdData(getRightData());
        logger.info(("check point test case 2"));
    }

    private JSONObject getRightData() throws IOException {
        String rightDataString = new String(Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(RIGHT_DATA_FILE_NAME)));
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(rightDataString);
        return jsonObject;
    }
}

但是模拟不起作用。

直到“检查点qqqqq”测试才会执行。我认为它仍在尝试调用数据库。

堆栈跟踪

java.lang.NullPointerException
16:42:31.387 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at 
com.shiv.work.job.ReadWorkJob.getExistingId(ReadWorkJob.java:102)
16:42:31.387 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at 
com.shiv.work.job.ReadWorkJob.writeNewIdDataTo(ReadWorkJob.java:71)
16:42:31.387 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger] at com.shiv.work.job.ReadWorkJobTest.testNewIdDBWriter(ReadWorkJobTest.java:45)
16:42:31.387 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at 
java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
16:42:31.387 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
16:42:31.387 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
16:42:31.387 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
16:42:31.387 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
16:42:31.387 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
16:42:31.387 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
16:42:31.387 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
16:42:31.387 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
16:42:31.387 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner$1.run(DefaultInternalRunner.java:79)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner.run(DefaultInternalRunner.java:85)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.mockito.internal.runners.StrictRunner.run(StrictRunner.java:39)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:163)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecutor.runTestClass(JUnitTestClassExecutor.java:110)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecutor.execute(JUnitTestClassExecutor.java:58)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecutor.execute(JUnitTestClassExecutor.java:38)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.AbstractJUnitTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(AbstractJUnitTestClassProcessor.java:62)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:51)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
16:42:31.388 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:36)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:33)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:94)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy2.processTestClass(Unknown Source)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.processTestClass(TestWorker.java:118)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:36)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.internal.remote.internal.hub.MessageHubBackedObjectConnection$DispatchWrapper.dispatch(MessageHubBackedObjectConnection.java:182)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.internal.remote.internal.hub.MessageHubBackedObjectConnection$DispatchWrapper.dispatch(MessageHubBackedObjectConnection.java:164)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.internal.remote.internal.hub.MessageHub$Handler.run(MessageHub.java:412)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ExecutorPolicy$CatchAndRecordFailures.onExecute(ExecutorPolicy.java:64)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ManagedExecutorImpl$1.run(ManagedExecutorImpl.java:48)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
16:42:31.389 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)
16:42:31.390 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ThreadFactoryImpl$ManagedThreadRunnable.run(ThreadFactoryImpl.java:56)
16:42:31.390 [DEBUG] [TestEventLogger]         at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:830)

Answer 1

从显示的测试代码来看，手动创建的存储库没有被注入(inject)到被测试的主题中，这就是为什么它为空并导致 NPE

由于使用@Autowired，您还需要确保依赖项已正确标记为可模拟

@Mock
private WorkJobRepository workJobRepository;

@InjectMocks
private ReadWorkJob readWorkJob;

@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
    when(workJobRepository.findById(any())).thenReturn(null);
    logger.info("check point test case setup");
}

完成后，测试应该按预期运行。

当手动创建依赖项时，它不会被注入(inject)到被测试的主题中。

另一种方法是让主题类遵循显式依赖原则

public class ReadWorkJob {

    private WorkJobRepository workJobRepository;

    @Autowired
    public ReadWorkJob (WorkJobRepository workJobRepository) {
        this.workJobRepository = workJobRepository;
    }

    public void writeNewIdData(JSONObject jsonObject) {
        WorkJob workJob = getExistingId(jsonObject.get("id").toString());
    }

    private WorkJob getExistingId(String id) {
        logger.info("check point ppppp");
        WorkJob workJob = workJobRepository.findById(id);
        logger.info("check point qqqqq");
        return workJob != null ? workJob : new WorkJob();
    }
}

并相应地重构测试

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class ReadWorkJobTest {

    private static final String RIGHT_DATA_FILE_NAME = "test.txt";

    private ReadWorkJob readWorkJob;

    private WorkJobRepository workJobRepository;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        workJobRepository = Mockito.mock(WorkJobRepository.class);
        when(workJobRepository.findById(any())).thenReturn(null);

        readWorkJob = new ReadWorkJob(workJobRepository); //<--

        logger.info("check point test case setup");
    }

    @Test
    public void testNewIdDBWriter() throws Exception {
        logger.info("check point test case 1");            
        readWorkJob.writeNewIdData(getRightData());
        logger.info(("check point test case 2"));
    }

    private JSONObject getRightData() throws IOException {
        String rightDataString = new String(Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(RIGHT_DATA_FILE_NAME)));
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(rightDataString);
        return jsonObject;
    }
}