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android - 如何以及在何处关闭()我的数据库以停止获取 E/SQLiteLog : (283)

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-11-30 04:59:34 26 4
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当我在数据库浏览器中打开数据库文件时,它是空的。我得到这个 E/SQLiteLog:(283)从 WAL 文件中恢复了 16 帧。使用 Room 保存数据并在应用程序关闭时将其填充回去是否合适?如果有人能提供帮助,我会很高兴,谢谢。

/这是我在数据库类中的实例化/

public static synchronized NoteDataBase getInstance(Context context){

if (instance == null) {
instance = Room.databaseBuilder(context.getApplicationContext(),
NoteDataBase.class , "note_database")
.fallbackToDestructiveMigration()
.build();
}
return instance;
}
}
@Override
public void close() {
super.close();
instance = null;
}

public void backup(Context context) {
instance.close();
//......... backup the file
getInstance(context);
}

/和我的存储库/

 public NoteRepository(Application application) {
dataBase = NoteDataBase.getInstance(application);
noteDao = dataBase.noteDao();
allNotes = noteDao.getAllNotes();

/我的一些viewmodel/

public class NoteViewModel extends AndroidViewModel  {

public NoteViewModel(@NonNull Application application) {
super(application);
repository = new NoteRepository(application);
allNotes = repository.getAllNotes();
}

public void insert(Note note) {
repository.insert(note);
}

/还有我保存一些结果的 fragment/

private void saveNote(){

String savedscore = finalScore.getText().toString();
ArrayList<String> daycheks = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < itemList.size(); i++) {
daycheks.add(itemList.get(i).toString());
}

Note note = new Note(savedscore , daycheks);
model.insert(note);

Toast.makeText(getContext() , "Result saved" ,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

最佳答案

备份数据库时,您应该在备份之前完全检查数据库(关闭数据库是一种选择(最简单的))或备份 -wal-shm 文件以及实际的数据库文件。

  • -wal/-shm-journal 文件与数据库文件同名,并以相应的扩展名作为后缀。<

另一种选择是使用 setJournalMode 在日志模式下打开数据库.

  • WAL和Journal模式的区别是

    • 在 WAL 模式中,更改应用于 -wal 文件而不是数据库本身(尽管访问 -wal 文件就好像它是数据库的一部分一样数据库),然后回滚就是从 -wal 文件中删除相应的数据。

    • 在日志模式下,数据库发生更改并将这些更改写入-journal 文件,回滚会根据日志文件撤消更改。

      <
    • 参见 Write-Ahead Logging获取更全面的信息。

可以看出,如果您复制数据库时没有检查点数据库并且没有 -wal 文件,则数据可能会丢失。

例子

以下示例模拟备份数据库,包括在添加一些行后关闭数据库(但跳过实际备份)。请注意,为方便起见,这是在主线程上完成的。

数据库类:-

@androidx.room.Database(entities = MyTable.class,version = 1)
public abstract class NoteDataBase extends RoomDatabase {

private static String DBNAME = "mydb";
static NoteDataBase instance;

abstract MyTableDao getMyTableDao();
public static synchronized NoteDataBase getInstance(Context context) {
if (instance == null) {
instance = Room.databaseBuilder(context, NoteDataBase.class,DBNAME)
.fallbackToDestructiveMigration()
.allowMainThreadQueries()
.build();
}
return instance;
}

@Override
public void close() {
super.close();
instance = null;
}

public void backup(Context context) {
instance.close();
//......... backup the file
getInstance(context);
}
}
  • 即基本上是你的类,但重要的是有一个备份方法,关闭数据库然后将实例变量设置为 null,在下次使用时有效地强制打开。

使用以上内容的 Activity :-

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

NoteDataBase mDB;
MyTableDao mMyTableDao;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Log.d("APPINFO","Retrieving the Database Instance");
mDB = NoteDataBase.getInstance(this);
Log.d("APPINFO","Retrieving the Database DAO");
mMyTableDao = mDB.getMyTableDao();
Log.d("APPINFO","Inserting Data (10 rows)");
for (int i=1;i < 11; i++) {
mMyTableDao.insertMyTableRow(new MyTable("MYVALUE" + i));
}
Log.d("APPINFO","Mock backup/close");
mDB.backup(this);
Log.d("APPINFO","Retrieveing the Database Instance after the close");
mDB = NoteDataBase.getInstance(this);
Log.d("APPINFO","Retrieving Rows from the Database");
for(MyTable m: mDB.getMyTableDao().getAllMyTableRows()) {
Log.d("MYTABLEINFO","ID = " + m.getId() + " VALUE = " + m.getValue());
}
Log.d("APPINFO","Closing the database");
mDB.close();
MyTable m = mDB.getMyTableDao().getMyTableRowById(1L);
Log.d("MYTABLEINFO","ID = " + m.getId() + " VALUE = " + m.getValue());
}
}

结果(日志):-

2019-10-21 15:47:58.689 16269-16269/? D/APPINFO: Retrieving the Database Instance
2019-10-21 15:47:58.699 16269-16269/? D/APPINFO: Retrieving the Database DAO
2019-10-21 15:47:58.701 16269-16269/? D/APPINFO: Inserting Data (10 rows)
2019-10-21 15:47:58.743 16269-16269/? D/APPINFO: Mock backup/close
2019-10-21 15:47:58.752 16269-16269/? D/APPINFO: Retrieveing the Database Instance after the close
2019-10-21 15:47:58.752 16269-16269/? D/APPINFO: Retrieving Rows from the Database
2019-10-21 15:47:58.773 16269-16269/? D/MYTABLEINFO: ID = 1 VALUE = MYVALUE1
2019-10-21 15:47:58.773 16269-16269/? D/MYTABLEINFO: ID = 2 VALUE = MYVALUE2
2019-10-21 15:47:58.773 16269-16269/? D/MYTABLEINFO: ID = 3 VALUE = MYVALUE3
2019-10-21 15:47:58.773 16269-16269/? D/MYTABLEINFO: ID = 4 VALUE = MYVALUE4
2019-10-21 15:47:58.773 16269-16269/? D/MYTABLEINFO: ID = 5 VALUE = MYVALUE5
2019-10-21 15:47:58.773 16269-16269/? D/MYTABLEINFO: ID = 6 VALUE = MYVALUE6
2019-10-21 15:47:58.773 16269-16269/? D/MYTABLEINFO: ID = 7 VALUE = MYVALUE7
2019-10-21 15:47:58.773 16269-16269/? D/MYTABLEINFO: ID = 8 VALUE = MYVALUE8
2019-10-21 15:47:58.774 16269-16269/? D/MYTABLEINFO: ID = 9 VALUE = MYVALUE9
2019-10-21 15:47:58.774 16269-16269/? D/MYTABLEINFO: ID = 10 VALUE = MYVALUE10
2019-10-21 15:47:58.774 16269-16269/? D/APPINFO: Closing the database
2019-10-21 15:47:58.784 16269-16269/? E/ROOM: Invalidation tracker is initialized twice :/.
2019-10-21 15:47:58.784 16269-16269/? D/MYTABLEINFO: ID = 1 VALUE = MYVALUE1
  • 注意最后一行,这是因为使用了旧实例而不是获取新实例(实际上应该使用 mDB = NoteDataBase.getInstance(this);)

值得注意的是,在运行上面的命令之后,数据库有一个空的 -wal 文件:-

enter image description here

  • 因此数据库已完全检查点。

从设备资源管理器复制此文件并在 SQLite 工具 (Navicat) 中打开显示:-

enter image description here

  • 即插入的数据存在,room_master_table 和 android_metadata 表也是如此

替代关闭

关闭数据库的替代方法是使用 PRAGMA wal_checkpoint(?)

如果数据库类包含以下方法:-

public void checkpoint() {
int attempts = 0;
int max_attempts = 10;
Cursor csr;
SupportSQLiteDatabase ssd = instance.getOpenHelper().getWritableDatabase();
if (isWALOn(ssd)) {
Log.d("CHKPOINTINFO","Attempt " + (attempts + 1));
while (checkpoint(ssd) > 0 && attempts++ < max_attempts) { }
}
}

private boolean isWALOn(SupportSQLiteDatabase db) {
boolean rv = false;
Cursor csr = db.query("PRAGMA journal_mode");
if (csr.moveToFirst()) {
if (csr.getString(0).toLowerCase().equals("wal")) rv = true;
}
csr.close();
return rv;
}

private int checkpoint(SupportSQLiteDatabase db) {
Log.d("CHKPOINTINFO","Attempting Database Ceckpoint");
int blocked = 0;
int pages_to_checkpoint = 0;
int checkpointed_pages = 0;
Cursor csr = db.query("PRAGMA wal_checkpoint(TRUNCATE)");
if (csr.moveToFirst()) {
blocked = csr.getInt(0);
pages_to_checkpoint = csr.getInt(1);
checkpointed_pages = csr.getInt(2);
}
csr.close();
Log.d("CHKPOINTINFO",
"Checkpoint values Blocked = " + blocked +
" Pages to Checkpoint = " + pages_to_checkpoint +
" Pages Checkpointed = " + checkpointed_pages
);
if (blocked > 0) return -1;
if (checkpointed_pages < pages_to_checkpoint) return 1;
return 0;
}
  • 注意为测试添加的日志记录,通常这会被删除。

可以使用mDB.backup(),而不是mDB.checkpoint()。这样做的好处是数据库保持打开状态。

关于android - 如何以及在何处关闭()我的数据库以停止获取 E/SQLiteLog : (283),我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58474490/

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