c++ -/usr/bin/ld : cannot find -lLLVMJIT(and -lLLVMipa) in ubuntu 16. 04

Question

我想使用 llvm 框架构建一个像这样的简单编译器

A simple compiler

并在 Ubuntu 16.04 中实现代码。但是我得到了错误

[ 20%] Linking CXX executable driver
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lLLVMJIT
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lLLVMipa
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
CMakeFiles/driver.dir/build.make:219: recipe for target 'driver' failed
make[2]: *** [driver] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:67: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/driver.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/driver.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:83: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2

我在命令 apt-file search libLLVMJIT 和 apt-file search libLLVMipa 中搜索 LLVMJIT 库并得到以下输出

haoxin@ubuntu:~/github/dcc888$ apt-file search libLLVMJIT
libllvm-3.5-ocaml-dev: /usr/lib/ocaml/llvm-3.5/libLLVMJIT.a
llvm-3.5-dev: /usr/lib/llvm-3.5/lib/libLLVMJIT.a
haoxin@ubuntu:~/github/dcc888$ apt-file search libLLVMipa
libllvm-3.5-ocaml-dev: /usr/lib/ocaml/llvm-3.5/libLLVMipa.a
llvm-3.5-dev: /usr/lib/llvm-3.5/lib/libLLVMipa.a
llvm-3.6-dev: /usr/lib/llvm-3.6/lib/libLLVMipa.a
llvm-3.7-dev: /usr/lib/llvm-3.7/lib/libLLVMipa.a

这些是我可能无法在 LLVM JIT 中使用的静态库。

当我使用命令make VERBOSE=1时，输出如下:

/usr/bin/cmake -H/home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1 -B/home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1 --check-build-system CMakeFiles/Makefile.cmake 0
/usr/bin/cmake -E cmake_progress_start /home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1/CMakeFiles /home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1/CMakeFiles/progress.marks
make -f CMakeFiles/Makefile2 all
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1'
make -f CMakeFiles/driver.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/driver.dir/depend
make[2]: Entering directory '/home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1'
cd /home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1 && /usr/bin/cmake -E cmake_depends "Unix Makefiles" /home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1 /home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1 /home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1 /home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1 /home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1/CMakeFiles/driver.dir/DependInfo.cmake --color=
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1'
make -f CMakeFiles/driver.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/driver.dir/build
make[2]: Entering directory '/home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1'
[ 20%] Linking CXX executable driver
/usr/bin/cmake -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/driver.dir/link.txt --verbose=1
/usr/bin/c++   -std=c++11 -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions    CMakeFiles/driver.dir/Driver.cpp.o CMakeFiles/driver.dir/Expr.cpp.o CMakeFiles/driver.dir/Lexer.cpp.o CMakeFiles/driver.dir/Parser.cpp.o  -o driver -rdynamic -lLLVMJIT /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMRuntimeDyld.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMX86Disassembler.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMX86AsmParser.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMX86CodeGen.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMSelectionDAG.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMAsmPrinter.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMMCParser.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMCodeGen.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMObjCARCOpts.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMScalarOpts.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMInstCombine.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMX86Desc.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMX86Info.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMX86AsmPrinter.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMX86Utils.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMTransformUtils.a -lLLVMipa /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMIRReader.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMBitReader.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMAsmParser.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMExecutionEngine.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMAnalysis.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMTarget.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMMC.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMObject.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMCore.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMSupport.a -lpthread -ltinfo -ldl /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMDebugInfoCodeView.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMDebugInfoMSF.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMMCDisassembler.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMGlobalISel.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMCodeGen.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMScalarOpts.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMInstCombine.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMBitWriter.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMTransformUtils.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMRuntimeDyld.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMTarget.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMAnalysis.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMProfileData.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMObject.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMMCParser.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMBitReader.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMMC.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMCore.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMBinaryFormat.a /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMSupport.a -lz -lrt -ltinfo -ldl -lpthread -lm /usr/lib/llvm-6.0/lib/libLLVMDemangle.a 
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lLLVMJIT
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lLLVMipa
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
CMakeFiles/driver.dir/build.make:219: recipe for target 'driver' failed
make[2]: *** [driver] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1'
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:67: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/driver.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/driver.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/haoxin/github/dcc888/dcc888-1'
Makefile:83: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2

CMakeList.txt 消息:

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)

find_package(LLVM REQUIRED CONFIG)

add_definitions(${LLVM_DEFINITIONS})
add_definitions( -D__STDC_LIMIT_MACROS )
add_definitions( -D__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS )
include_directories(${LLVM_INCLUDE_DIRS})

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++11 -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}")

set(LLVM_LINK_COMPONENTS
        Core
        ExecutionEngine
        Interpreter
        MC
        Support
        nativecodegen
        )


add_executable(driver Driver.cpp Expr.cpp Lexer.cpp Parser.cpp Expr.h Lexer.h Parser.h)

target_link_libraries(driver
        LLVMJIT
        LLVMRuntimeDyld
        LLVMX86Disassembler
        LLVMX86AsmParser
        LLVMX86CodeGen
        LLVMSelectionDAG
        LLVMAsmPrinter
        LLVMMCParser
        LLVMCodeGen
        LLVMObjCARCOpts
        LLVMScalarOpts
        LLVMInstCombine
        LLVMX86Desc
        LLVMX86Info
        LLVMX86AsmPrinter
        LLVMX86Utils
        LLVMTransformUtils
        LLVMipa
        LLVMIRReader
        LLVMBitReader
        LLVMAsmParser
        LLVMExecutionEngine
        LLVMAnalysis
        LLVMTarget
        LLVMMC
        LLVMObject
        LLVMCore
        LLVMSupport
        )

target_link_libraries(driver
        pthread
        tinfo
        dl
        )

我希望 make 运行正常并且 drive 可以成功执行。

Answer 1

如果您以 cmake 3.5 为目标，cmake 将提供更好的 llvm 支持，这将通过添加在虚拟组中引用库的能力来解决很多此类问题，而不是您正在使用的手动库列表。

您使用的是适用于 llvm 3.5 时间框架的库列表，但您链接的是 llvm 6，因此在此期间发生了一些变化 - 大量库重组。例如，LLVMJIT library was removed在 3.6 中，并且在 3.8 中删除了 LLVMipa(在源代码以外的任何地方都没有找到引用)，但总而言之，它是一个微妙的库列表，会随着您的构建而改变不同版本的 llvm。

你做了一个:

set(LLVM_LINK_COMPONENTS
    Core
    ExecutionEngine
    Interpreter
    MC
    Support
    nativecodegen
    )

应该处理您正在链接的所有库 - 您不应该像那样在最后手动添加完整的库列表以进行链接。

根据您需要添加以下组件的库列表:

mcjit
x86 (covers asmparser, disassembler and code generator)
asmparser
objcarcopts (LLVMObjCARCOpts - is it needed???)
scalaropts
transformutils
irreader

所以改为:

set(LLVM_LINK_COMPONENTS
    Core
    ExecutionEngine
    Interpreter
    MC
    Support
    nativecodegen
    mcjit
    x86
    asmparser
    objcarcopts
    scalaropts
    transformutils
    irreader
    )

为我们提供了要使用的组件列表。 LLVMipa 已回滚到主 LLVMAnalysis 中，因此您不再需要指定它。

为库设置一个变量:

llvm_map_components_to_libnames(llvm_libs ${LLVM_LINK_COMPONENTS})

这使用 llvm 映射代码映射到所需的库。

将链接行更改为:

target_link_libraries(driver
        pthread
        tinfo
        dl
        ${llvm_libs}
        )

将链接相关库，您可以删除指定各个库的 target_link_libraries。