c++ - 在 vc++ 中进行串行通信需要哪些函数？

Question

我正在使用嵌入式设备。我使用 COM 端口连接到它。当我向它发送命令“LIST”时，它会给出所有文件的列表。

所以我写了一个“hello world”，它将连接到端口设备已连接并发送数据。

当我连接我的设备并运行我的程序时，它正在写入端口并且没有从该端口接收任何字节。

但是当我使用 PUTTY(用于打开端口并发送一些数据)打开 COM 端口并发送 COMMAND 时它工作，当我关闭 PUTTY 并现在运行我的程序时它工作正常，所以我需要打开第一次用腻子移植我的程序。

可能是我没有初始化一些函数...:(

任何人都可以帮我解决这个问题，我无法找到过去一天的解决方案。在此先感谢...

我的源代码是:-

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <afx.h>

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    int i=0;
//  cout << "Hello world!" << endl;



    HANDLE hSerial;

    hSerial = CreateFile("COM5",
    GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
    FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_READ,
    0,
    OPEN_EXISTING,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
    0);

    if(hSerial==INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        if(GetLastError()==ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND)
        {
//          TRACE("serial port does not exist for reading\n");
        //serial port does not exist. Inform user.
        }
//          TRACE("some other error,serial port does not exist for reading\n");
        //some other error occurred. Inform user.
    }

    DCB dcbSerialParams = {0};

    dcbSerialParams.DCBlength=sizeof(dcbSerialParams);

    if (!GetCommState(hSerial, &dcbSerialParams)) 
    {
//                  TRACE("error getting state for reading\n");
    //error getting state
    }

    dcbSerialParams.BaudRate=9600;
    dcbSerialParams.ByteSize=8;
    dcbSerialParams.StopBits=ONESTOPBIT;
    dcbSerialParams.Parity=NOPARITY;
    dcbSerialParams.fOutX=TRUE;
    dcbSerialParams.fInX=TRUE;
    if(!SetCommState(hSerial, &dcbSerialParams))
    {
    //TRACE("error setting state for reading\n");
    //error setting serial port state
    }
    COMMTIMEOUTS timeouts={0};

    timeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout=50;
    timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant=50;
    timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier=10;

    timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant=50;
    timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier=10;

    if(!SetCommTimeouts(hSerial, &timeouts))
    {
//      TRACE("some error occured for reading\n");
        //error occureed. Inform user
    }       
    int n=100,n1=100;
    char szBuff[100];
    DWORD dwBytesRead = 0;
    char szBuff1[100];
    DWORD dwByteswrote = 0;
    memset(szBuff1,0,100);
    memcpy(szBuff1,"LIST\r",5);
    FlushFileBuffers(hSerial);
    LPDWORD uf=0;
    GetCommModemStatus(hSerial,uf);
    TRACE("%d\n",uf);
    if(!WriteFile(hSerial, szBuff1,5, &dwByteswrote, NULL))
    {
                    cout << "error writing" ;
    }
    cout << szBuff1 << endl;
    cout << dwByteswrote << endl;
    dwByteswrote=0;
    while(1)
    {
        if(!ReadFile(hSerial, szBuff, n1, &dwBytesRead, NULL))
        {
            cout << "error reading";
            break;
        }
        else
        {
            cout << dwBytesRead << endl;
            szBuff[dwBytesRead]='\0';
            if(dwBytesRead>0)
            {
                cout << (szBuff);

                break;
            }
            else
            {
            }
        }
    }
    cin >> i;
}

Answer 1

您可以尝试设置所有 DCB 选项并清除端口错误

// Common settings
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof( dcbSerialParams );
dcbSerialParams.ByteSize = 8;
dcbSerialParams.BaudRate = CBR_9600;
dcbSerialParams.fParity = FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.Parity = NOPARITY;
dcbSerialParams.StopBits = ONESTOPBIT;
dcbSerialParams.fDtrControl = 0;
dcbSerialParams.fRtsControl = 0;

// If you say so
dcbSerialParams.fOutX = TRUE;
dcbSerialParams.fInX = TRUE;

// Not so common settings
dcbSerialParams.fBinary = FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.fParity = FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.fOutxCtsFlow = FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.fOutxDsrFlow = FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.fDsrSensitivity = FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.fErrorChar = FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.fNull = FALSE;
dcbSerialParams.fAbortOnError = FALSE;

// Clear errors
unsigned long ulCommErr = 0;
ClearCommBreak( hSerial );
ClearCommError( hSerial, &ulCommErr, NULL );

可能不相关，但我注意到我在某个时候在我的串行代码中向 CreateFile() 添加了一个安全描述符，我相信 Windows Server 的某些配置需要它。

// Allow access
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES  sa, *pSa = NULL;
sa.nLength = sizeof( SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES );
sa.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
sa.lpSecurityDescriptor = (SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR*)LocalAlloc(LPTR,SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_MIN_LENGTH);
if ( sa.lpSecurityDescriptor
     && InitializeSecurityDescriptor( (SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR*)sa.lpSecurityDescriptor, SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_REVISION )
     && SetSecurityDescriptorDacl( (SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR*)sa.lpSecurityDescriptor, TRUE, (PACL)NULL, FALSE ) )
    pSa = &sa;

// Open the port
hSerial = CreateFile(   x_pPort, 
                        GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
                        0,
                        pSa,
                        OPEN_EXISTING,
                        FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
                        NULL );

if ( pSa )
    LocalFree( pSa->lpSecurityDescriptor );