c++ - 如何改进c风格的函数回调系统？

Question

我有一个我无法更改的类 (SuperClass)，它有一个我不太喜欢的用于添加回调的接口(interface)，但我无法改进它。是否可以通过使用一些模板魔法来摆脱所有包装函数？

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

enum EventType
{
    OkButtonPressed = 0,
    CancelButtonPressed,
    KeyPad1ButtonPressed,
    KeyPad2ButtonPressed,
    KeyPad3ButtonPressed,
    KeyPad4ButtonPressed,
    KeyPad5ButtonPressed,
    SomeOtherNonButtonEvent,
    EventType_count
};


// Not sure how the SuperClass is implemented, but from the outside all you can see is 
// the AddCallback(). The class can not be changed. Same applies to the callback typedef

typedef void (*EventCallback)(int argument, void *callbackOwner);
class SuperClass
{
private:
    #define CallbackPair std::pair<EventCallback, void*>
    std::vector<CallbackPair> m_callbackList[EventType_count];

public:
    void AddCallback(EventType eventType, EventCallback function, void * callbackOwner)
    {
        CallbackPair pair(function, callbackOwner);
        m_callbackList[eventType].push_back(pair);
    }

    void TriggerEvent(EventType type)
    {
        int someArguemt = (int)type;
        for(unsigned int i = 0; i < m_callbackList[type].size(); i++)
            m_callbackList[type][i].first(someArguemt, m_callbackList[type][i].second);
    }
};

class MyClass
{
public:
    void OnKeypadFunction(int argument){std::cout << "OnKeypadFunction called with " << argument << std::endl;}
    void OnOkFunction(int argument){std::cout << "OnOkFunction called with " << argument << std::endl;}
    void OnCancelFunction(int argument){std::cout << "OnCancelFunction called with " << argument << std::endl;}
};

// Wrapper functions which i would like to remove
static void s_OnKeypadFunctionWrapper(int arguemt, void *callbackOwner)
{
    ((MyClass*)callbackOwner)->OnKeypadFunction(arguemt);
}

static void s_OnOkFunctionWrapper(int arguemt, void *callbackOwner)
{
    ((MyClass*)callbackOwner)->OnOkFunction(arguemt);
}

static void s_OnCancelFunctionWrapper(int arguemt, void *callbackOwner)
{
    ((MyClass*)callbackOwner)->OnCancelFunction(arguemt);
}


int main()
{
    SuperClass super;
    MyClass myClass;

    // Register some callbacks
    super.AddCallback(KeyPad1ButtonPressed, s_OnKeypadFunctionWrapper, &myClass);
    super.AddCallback(KeyPad2ButtonPressed, s_OnKeypadFunctionWrapper, &myClass);
    super.AddCallback(KeyPad3ButtonPressed, s_OnKeypadFunctionWrapper, &myClass);
    super.AddCallback(KeyPad4ButtonPressed, s_OnKeypadFunctionWrapper, &myClass);
    super.AddCallback(KeyPad5ButtonPressed, s_OnKeypadFunctionWrapper, &myClass);
    super.AddCallback(OkButtonPressed, s_OnOkFunctionWrapper, &myClass);

    // How I would like to add the code..
    /*
    super.AddCallback(KeyPad1ButtonPressed, myClass->OnKeypadFunction, NULL);
    super.AddCallback(KeyPad2ButtonPressed, myClass->OnKeypadFunction, NULL);
    super.AddCallback(KeyPad3ButtonPressed, myClass->OnKeypadFunction, NULL);
    super.AddCallback(KeyPad4ButtonPressed, myClass->OnKeypadFunction, NULL);
    super.AddCallback(KeyPad5ButtonPressed, myClass->OnKeypadFunction, NULL);
    super.AddCallback(OkButtonPressed, myClass->s_OnOkFunctionWrapper, NULL);
    */


    // This is called some other place...
    super.TriggerEvent(OkButtonPressed);
    super.TriggerEvent(KeyPad1ButtonPressed);
    super.TriggerEvent(KeyPad5ButtonPressed);
}

Answer 1

这样的事情怎么样:

template <typename T, void (T::*MemberFunction)(int)>
struct CallbackHelper
{
    static void EventHandler(int argument, void *callbackOwner)
    {
        auto myClass = static_cast<T*>(callbackOwner);
        ((myClass)->*(MemberFunction))(argument);
    }
};

这会让你像这样注册你的处理程序:

super.AddCallback(OkButtonPressed, CallbackHelper<MyClass, &MyClass::OnOkFunction>::EventHandler, &myClass);