android - 在 Android 2D 游戏中使对象(位图)在 Canvas 上滚动

Question

我们知道，在 Android 2D 游戏中移动 2D 游戏中的对象非常容易。只需使用 SurfaceView 并使用 Canvas.drawBitmap() 绘制单个位图。

但是当涉及到滚动物体时，例如一个球，我怎样才能做到这一点？使用变换矩阵会导致渲染位图的质量很差，不是吗？

Answer 1

如果您想使用基于 Canvas 的绘图旋转位图，您别无选择，只能通过 Matrix 使用变换矩阵。您传递给 Canvas.drawBitmap() 或通过直接在 Canvas 上调用的转换操作。如果您使用 Paint.setFilterBitmap(boolean) 启用位图过滤质量会很好，至少按照我的标准。

这是一个完整的示例(基于矩阵)，您可以尝试一下，特别是看看打开和关闭位图过滤有什么不同(或者看看我下面的屏幕截图)。虽然它不使用 SurfaceView，只是一个普通的自定义 View ，但它应该很容易移植到 SurfaceView:

CustomView.java:

package com.example.android;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.util.TypedValue;
import android.view.View;

public class CustomView extends View {
    private static final float DP_PER_SECONDS = 10;

    private final float mBallCirfumference;
    private final float mBallRadius;
    private final Bitmap mBallBitmap;
    private final Paint mBallBitmapPaint;
    private final Matrix mBallTransformMatrix = new Matrix();
    private final float mPxPerSecond;

    private long mStartTime = -1;

    public CustomView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        final Resources res = getResources();

        // Load the ball bitmap. You probably want to use a better bitmap ;)
        mBallBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, R.drawable.icon);

        // We need the radius and circumference of the ball for our calculations
        // later
        mBallRadius = mBallBitmap.getHeight() / 2;
        mBallCirfumference = mBallRadius * 2 * (float)Math.PI;

        // Create ourself a paint object so we can adjust the quality of the
        // bitmap drawing
        mBallBitmapPaint = new Paint();

        // Significantly improves quality when drawing transformed bitmaps. Compare
        // with when you disable this, which is the default
        mBallBitmapPaint.setFilterBitmap(true);

        // Calculate speed of ball in pixels
        mPxPerSecond = TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, DP_PER_SECONDS,
                res.getDisplayMetrics());
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);

        // Calculate how far into the animation we are
        if (mStartTime == -1) {
            mStartTime = getDrawingTime();
        }
        long currentTime = getDrawingTime();
        float secondsPassed = (currentTime - mStartTime) / 1000.0f;

        // Calculate how far the ball has moved and how many degrees it has been
        // rotated as a consequence of the movement
        float movedDistance = secondsPassed * mPxPerSecond;
        float fullRotationsMade = movedDistance / mBallCirfumference;
        float rotationInDegrees = fullRotationsMade * 360;

        // Setup the transformation matrix to simulate a rolling ball
        mBallTransformMatrix.reset();
        mBallTransformMatrix.postRotate(rotationInDegrees, mBallRadius, mBallRadius);
        mBallTransformMatrix.postTranslate(movedDistance, 0);
        canvas.drawBitmap(mBallBitmap, mBallTransformMatrix, mBallBitmapPaint);

        // Force redraw so we get an animation
        invalidate();
    }
}

ExampleActivity.java:

package com.example.android;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class ExampleActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(new CustomView(this));
    }
}

位图过滤启用的示例屏幕截图。如果你运行这个例子，位图会像球一样滚动(请原谅我选错了球图形):

位图过滤禁用的示例屏幕截图。