c++ - SDL_Texture 导致一切呈现黑色

Question

我一直在使用 SDL 开发一个相当大的应用程序，最近发现了一个奇怪的错误；每当一个窗口关闭时，另一个窗口上的所有内容都会呈现完全黑色。当我绘制红色线条时，它会变成黑色，而当我绘制 SDL_Texture 时，它​​会绘制一个黑色矩形来代替图像。

一段时间后，我通过从头开始制作该应用程序的简化版本，设法重现了该问题。该程序包括一个窗口类，它存储一个窗口、它的渲染器和一个 SDL_Texture。窗口类还包括一个渲染函数，用于将内容渲染到其窗口，包括 SDL_Texture。还有一个函数可以让每个窗口对象处理窗口被关闭等SDL事件。当窗口关闭时，窗口、渲染器和纹理都被销毁。

class Window {
    SDL_Window *window;
    SDL_Renderer *renderer;
    Uint32 windowID;

    SDL_Texture *texture;

    void cleanup() {
        SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
        SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
        SDL_DestroyTexture(texture);
    }

    bool running = true;
public:

    void init() {

        window = SDL_CreateWindow("Window", 50, 50, 721, 558, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN | SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE);
        renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(window, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED | SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC);
        windowID = SDL_GetWindowID(window);
        SDL_SetRenderDrawBlendMode(renderer, SDL_BLENDMODE_BLEND);

        // load texture
        SDL_Surface* loadedSurface = IMG_Load("picture.png");
        texture = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, loadedSurface);
        SDL_FreeSurface(loadedSurface);

    }

    bool isRunning() {
        return running;
    }

    void render() {
        // clear the screen with a green color
        SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00, 0xFF);
        SDL_RenderClear(renderer);

        // create a rectangle for drawing things
        SDL_Rect rect = {0, 0, 100, 100};

        // draw a red rectangle
        SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF);
        SDL_RenderFillRect(renderer, &rect);

        // draw the texture/image on top of the rectangle
        if (SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, texture, NULL, &rect) < 0) {
            printf("Unable to render texture! Error: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
        }



        SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
    }

    void events(SDL_Event &e) {
        if (e.window.windowID == windowID && e.window.event == SDL_WINDOWEVENT_CLOSE) {
            running = false;
            cleanup();
        }
    }
};

主要功能一次管理多个窗口，并分别为每个窗口提供 SDL 事件:

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {

    if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0) { // initialize SDL and IMG
        printf("SDL could not initialize! Error: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
    } else if (!(IMG_Init(IMG_INIT_PNG) & IMG_INIT_PNG)) {
        printf("SDL_image could not initialize! Error: %s\n", IMG_GetError());
    } else {
        std::vector<Window*> windows; // vector of window objects

        // add window objects to the vector
        windows.push_back(new Window());
        windows.push_back(new Window());
        windows.push_back(new Window());
        windows.push_back(new Window());

        // initialize all windows
        for (int i = 0; i < windows.size(); i++) {
            windows[i]->init();
        }

        // game loop
        bool loop = true;
        while (loop) {
            SDL_Delay(50); // delay between each frame

            // render all windows
            for (int i = 0; i < windows.size(); i++) {
                windows[i]->render();
            }

            // handle new events
            SDL_Event e;
            while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {

                // loop backward through windows
                // in case one of them has to be
                // removed from the vector
                for (unsigned long i = windows.size(); i-- > 0;) {
                    if (windows[i]->isRunning()) {
                        windows[i]->events(e);
                    } else {
                        // delete a window if it has been closed
                        delete windows[i];
                        windows.erase(windows.begin() + i);
                    }
                }
            }

            if (windows.empty()) { // if all windows are closed,
                loop = false;      // stop the loop
            }
        }

    }

    return 0;
}

既然我已经展示了我的代码，我将更详细地解释这个问题。程序启动时，会创建四个窗口对象，每个窗口都会显示在屏幕上。每个窗口都正确渲染，PNG 图像覆盖在红色矩形的顶部。第四个窗口，或最后一个要初始化的窗口，在任何其他窗口关闭后，只会呈现黑色的图像、矩形和线条等内容。唯一会以不同颜色呈现的是 SDL_RenderClear，我在上面的代码中使用它来呈现绿色背景，从而暴露黑色图像和矩形形状。

我已经测试确保纹理、渲染器和窗口在出现此问题后仍然有效，并且没有错误。

我至少想找出导致问题的原因以及是否有任何可能的解决方案。

Answer 1

你不应该在渲染器还活着的时候销毁窗口。尝试以相反的顺序在 cleanup() 中执行方法。

void cleanup()
{
    SDL_DestroyTexture(texture);
    SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
    SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
}