c++ - OpenCL clGetPlatformIDs 给出大约 230 个 valgrind memcheck 错误

Question

代码:

// g++ -std=c++17 -O0 -g -Wall -Wextra -lOpenCL query.cpp -o query
// valgrind --leak-check=full --track-origins=yes --tool=memcheck ./query N

#include <CL/cl.h>
#include <CL/cl.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <memory>

using namespace std;

#define CL_CHECK_ERROR(error)                                    \
  if ((error) != CL_SUCCESS){ cout << "ERROR in " << __FILE__ << ":" << __LINE__ << "\n"; }

int main(int, char * argv[])
{
  int type = stoi(argv[1]);

  string info_buffer;
  int info_buffer_size = 1024;
  info_buffer.reserve(info_buffer_size);

  if (type == 0){

    vector<cl_platform_id> platforms;
    cl_uint num_platforms;

    CL_CHECK_ERROR(clGetPlatformIDs(0, NULL, &num_platforms));
    cout << "num_platforms: " << num_platforms << "\n";
    platforms.reserve(num_platforms);
    platforms.resize(num_platforms);
    CL_CHECK_ERROR(clGetPlatformIDs(num_platforms, platforms.data(), NULL));
    cout << "- " << platforms.data()[0] << "\n";
    // cout << "- " << platforms.data()[1] << "\n";
    // cout << platforms.size() << "\n";
    for (auto& platform : platforms){
      cout << platform << "\n";
      size_t size;
      CL_CHECK_ERROR(clGetPlatformInfo(platform, CL_PLATFORM_NAME, 0, NULL, &size));
      info_buffer.resize(size); // works also with size - 1
      CL_CHECK_ERROR(clGetPlatformInfo(platform, CL_PLATFORM_NAME, size, info_buffer.data(), NULL));
      cout << "platform: '" << info_buffer << "'\n";
    }

  }else if (type == 1){

    cl_uint num_platforms;

    CL_CHECK_ERROR(clGetPlatformIDs(0, NULL, &num_platforms));
    cout << "num_platforms: " << num_platforms << "\n";
    unique_ptr<cl_platform_id[]> platforms(new cl_platform_id[num_platforms]);

    CL_CHECK_ERROR(clGetPlatformIDs(num_platforms, platforms.get(), NULL));
    cout << "- " << platforms[0] << "\n";
    // cout << "- " << platforms[1] << "\n";
    for (uint i=0; i<num_platforms; i++){
      cl_platform_id platform = platforms[i];
      cout << platforms[i] << "\n";
      size_t size;
      CL_CHECK_ERROR(clGetPlatformInfo(platform, CL_PLATFORM_NAME, 0, NULL, &size));
      info_buffer.resize(size); // works also with size - 1
      CL_CHECK_ERROR(clGetPlatformInfo(platform, CL_PLATFORM_NAME, size, info_buffer.data(), NULL));
      cout << "platform: '" << info_buffer << "'\n";
    }

  } else {
    vector<cl::Platform> platforms;
    cl::Platform::get(&platforms);
    cout << "num_platforms: " << platforms.size() << "\n";
    cout << "- " << platforms.at(0)() << "\n";
    // cout << "- " << platforms[1] << "\n";
    for (auto& platform : platforms) {
      CL_CHECK_ERROR(platform.getInfo(CL_PLATFORM_NAME, &info_buffer));
      cout << "platform: " << info_buffer << "\n";
    }
  }

  return 0;
}

编译:

g++ -std=c++17 -O0 -g -Wall -Wextra -lOpenCL query.cpp -o query

瓦尔格林德:

valgrind --leak-check=full --track-origins=yes --tool=memcheck ./query 0 2>query_t0.memcheck

valgrind --leak-check=full --track-origins=yes --tool=memcheck ./query 1 2>query_t1.memcheck

valgrind --leak-check=full --track-origins=yes --tool=memcheck ./query 2 2>query_t2.memcheck

在 t0 和 t1 情况下 (.h):

==8877== LEAK SUMMARY:
==8877==    definitely lost: 2,804 bytes in 19 blocks
==8877==    indirectly lost: 1,444 bytes in 9 blocks
==8877==      possibly lost: 152 bytes in 1 blocks
==8877==    still reachable: 3,056,953 bytes in 1,706 blocks
==8877==                       of which reachable via heuristic:
==8877==                         newarray           : 7,192 bytes in 7 blocks
==8877==         suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==8877== Reachable blocks (those to which a pointer was found) are not shown.
==8877== To see them, rerun with: --leak-check=full --show-leak-kinds=all
==8877==
==8877== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==8877== ERROR SUMMARY: 231 errors from 76 contexts (suppressed: 1 from 1)

在 t2 (.hpp) 中:

==32316== LEAK SUMMARY:
==32316==    definitely lost: 2,956 bytes in 20 blocks
==32316==    indirectly lost: 1,444 bytes in 9 blocks
==32316==      possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==32316==    still reachable: 3,056,953 bytes in 1,706 blocks
==32316==                       of which reachable via heuristic:
==32316==                         newarray           : 7,192 bytes in 7 blocks
==32316==         suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==32316== Reachable blocks (those to which a pointer was found) are not shown.
==32316== To see them, rerun with: --leak-check=full --show-leak-kinds=all
==32316==
==32316== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==32316== ERROR SUMMARY: 230 errors from 75 contexts (suppressed: 1 from 1)

一些错误(来自 t2):

==32316== 168 (144 direct, 24 indirect) bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1,201 of 1,366
==32316==    at 0x4C2CEBF: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==32316==    by 0xB4DDF64: Priv_Main_Control_Refresh() (in /usr/lib/libatiadlxx.so)
==32316==    by 0xB4E669F: ADL_Main_Control_Refresh_X() (in /usr/lib/libatiadlxx.so)
==32316==    by 0xB4F3073: ADL2_Main_Control_Refresh (in /usr/lib/libatiadlxx.so)
==32316==    by 0xB4F58E1: ADL2_Main_Control_Create (in /usr/lib/libatiadlxx.so)
==32316==    by 0x7A50470: ??? (in /usr/lib/libamdocl64.so)
==32316==    by 0x7D6F340: ??? (in /usr/lib/libamdocl64.so)
==32316==    by 0x7D3F8C6: ??? (in /usr/lib/libamdocl64.so)
==32316==    by 0x7D3F91B: ??? (in /usr/lib/libamdocl64.so)
==32316==    by 0x7D44C73: ??? (in /usr/lib/libamdocl64.so)
==32316==    by 0x7D2E7C6: ??? (in /usr/lib/libamdocl64.so)
==32316==    by 0x7A27F26: ??? (in /usr/lib/libamdocl64.so)
==32316==
==32316== 278 (240 direct, 38 indirect) bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1,225 of 1,366
==32316==    at 0x4C2D51F: operator new(unsigned long) (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==32316==    by 0x63C2DD7: ??? (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x6339563: ??? (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x6339F61: ??? (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x634FD84: clGetPlatformIDs (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x4E3EBD1: ??? (in /usr/lib/libOpenCL.so.1.0.0)
==32316==    by 0x4E3FE83: clGetPlatformIDs (in /usr/lib/libOpenCL.so.1.0.0)
==32316==    by 0x10B77C: cl::Platform::get(std::vector<cl::Platform, std::allocator<cl::Platform> >*) (cl.hpp:2338)
==32316==    by 0x10B143: main (query.cpp:69)
==32316==
==32316== 286 (248 direct, 38 indirect) bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1,227 of 1,366
==32316==    at 0x4C2D51F: operator new(unsigned long) (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==32316==    by 0x63C2F09: ??? (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x6339563: ??? (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x6339F61: ??? (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x634FD84: clGetPlatformIDs (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x4E3EBD1: ??? (in /usr/lib/libOpenCL.so.1.0.0)
==32316==    by 0x4E3FE83: clGetPlatformIDs (in /usr/lib/libOpenCL.so.1.0.0)
==32316==    by 0x10B77C: cl::Platform::get(std::vector<cl::Platform, std::allocator<cl::Platform> >*) (cl.hpp:2338)
==32316==    by 0x10B143: main (query.cpp:69)
==32316==
==32316== 512 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1,252 of 1,366
==32316==    at 0x4C2D51F: operator new(unsigned long) (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==32316==    by 0x63EEAA5: ??? (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x63F4526: ??? (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x63F4B73: ??? (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x6339486: ??? (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x6339F61: ??? (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x634FD84: clGetPlatformIDs (in /opt/intel/opencl-runtime/lib64/libintelocl.so)
==32316==    by 0x4E3EBD1: ??? (in /usr/lib/libOpenCL.so.1.0.0)
==32316==    by 0x4E3FE83: clGetPlatformIDs (in /usr/lib/libOpenCL.so.1.0.0)
==32316==    by 0x10B77C: cl::Platform::get(std::vector<cl::Platform, std::allocator<cl::Platform> >*) (cl.hpp:2338)
==32316==    by 0x10B143: main (query.cpp:69)
==32316==
==32316== 1,520 bytes in 10 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1,290 of 1,366
==32316==    at 0x4C2CEBF: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==32316==    by 0xD45BEBD: amdcl::scCompileImpl::Text2Stream(amdcl::_il_string_rec const&, amdcl::_il_binary_rec&) (in /usr/lib/libamdocl12cl64.so)
==32316==    by 0xD463218: amdcl::AMDIL::toBinary(char const*, unsigned long*) (in /usr/lib/libamdocl12cl64.so)
==32316==    by 0xD4646BD: amdcl::AMDIL::compile(std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> > const&, std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >, amdcl::scCompileBase*) (in /usr/lib/libamdocl12cl64.so)
==32316==    by 0xD46306F: amdcl::AMDIL::compile(std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> > const&, std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >) (in /usr/lib/libamdocl12cl64.so)
==32316==    by 0xCF80AB3: AMDILFEToISA(_acl_loader_data_0_8**, char const*, unsigned long) (in /usr/lib/libamdocl12cl64.so)
==32316==    by 0xCF828B4: if_aclCompile(_acl_compiler_rec_0_8_1*, _acl_bif_rec_0_8_1*, char const*, _acl_type_enum_0_8, _acl_type_enum_0_8, void (*)(char const*, unsigned long)) (in /usr/lib/libamdocl12cl64.so)
==32316==    by 0x82C35D8: aclCompile (in /usr/lib/libamdocl64.so)
==32316==    by 0x79930E7: ??? (in /usr/lib/libamdocl64.so)
==32316==    by 0x799375F: ??? (in /usr/lib/libamdocl64.so)
==32316==    by 0x79A2111: ??? (in /usr/lib/libamdocl64.so)
==32316==    by 0x79A4929: ??? (in /usr/lib/libamdocl64.so)

如您所见，我尝试了三种不同的方式来查询平台(t0、t1 使用 C API，t2 使用 C++ API)。如何消除代码中的内存泄漏？我做错了什么吗？

从来自 76 个上下文的 231 个错误中，我的文件仅出现在 4 (C) 或 3 (C++) 条消息中(grep 'cpp' query_t1.memcheck vs grep 'lost' query_t1 .memcheck).那么，如果我的代码没有泄漏，我该如何消除这些内存泄漏呢？我可以在那里做点什么吗？

例子:

==32316==    by 0x10B143: main (query.cpp:69)
==32316==    by 0x10B143: main (query.cpp:69)
==32316==    by 0x10B143: main (query.cpp:69)

==32316== 8 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 53 of 1,366
==32316== 8 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 54 of 1,366
==32316== 8 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 55 of 1,366
==32316== 8 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 56 of 1,366
==32316== 20 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 94 of 1,366
==32316== 168 (144 direct, 24 indirect) bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1,201 of 1,366
==32316== 278 (240 direct, 38 indirect) bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1,225 of 1,366
==32316== 286 (248 direct, 38 indirect) bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1,227 of 1,366
==32316== 512 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1,252 of 1,366
==32316== 1,520 bytes in 10 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1,290 of 1,366
==32316== 1,584 (240 direct, 1,344 indirect) bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1,291 of 1,366
==32316==    definitely lost: 2,956 bytes in 20 blocks
==32316==    indirectly lost: 1,444 bytes in 9 blocks
==32316==      possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks

Answer 1

在 valgrind 中使用 pocl git master 运行你的程序，结果:

==21413== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==21413== Copyright (C) 2002-2017, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==21413== Using Valgrind-3.13.0 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==21413== Command: ./query 1
==21413== 
num_platforms: 1
- 0x840df40
0x840df40
platform: 'Portable Computing Language'
==21413== 
==21413== HEAP SUMMARY:
==21413==     in use at exit: 74,145 bytes in 858 blocks
==21413==   total heap usage: 1,058 allocs, 200 frees, 421,333 bytes allocated
==21413== 
==21413== LEAK SUMMARY:
==21413==    definitely lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==21413==    indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==21413==      possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==21413==    still reachable: 74,145 bytes in 858 blocks
==21413==         suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==21413== Reachable blocks (those to which a pointer was found) are not shown.
==21413== To see them, rerun with: --leak-check=full --show-leak-kinds=all
==21413== 
==21413== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==21413== ERROR SUMMARY: 0 errors from 0 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0)

所以...

How can I remove the memory leaks in my code? Am I doing something wrong?

你没有做错任何事。 AMD/Intel 实现并不完全没有 memleak:)