c++ - 未定义对 `TextOutW@20' 的引用，链接了 Gdi32.lib

Question

This question询问有关 Windows 代码的“ undefined reference ”问题。显然，解决方案是链接 gdi32.lib。

我链接了 gdi32.lib，但仍然出现错误:

14:26:24 **** Incremental Build of configuration Debug for project SomeWindows ****
Info: Internal Builder is used for build
g++ -O0 -g3 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -o "src\\SomeWindows.o" "..\\src\\SomeWindows.cpp" 
g++ -o SomeWindows.exe "src\\SomeWindows.o" "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Windows Kits\\8.1\\Lib\\winv6.3\\um\\x64\\Gdi32.Lib" 
src\SomeWindows.o: In function `Z7WndProcP6HWND__jjl@16':
C:\Users\Mxx\eclipse-workspace\SomeWindows\Debug/../src/SomeWindows.cpp:78: undefined reference to `TextOutW@20'
collect2.exe: Fehler: ld gab 1 als Ende-Status zurück

14:26:26 Build Failed. 1 errors, 0 warnings. (took 2s.139ms)

我正在尝试从 https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb384843.aspx 创建 Window 的示例，这是我的代码:

#define UNICODE
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <tchar.h>

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(
     HWND hwnd,
     UINT uMsg,
     WPARAM wParam,
     LPARAM lParam);


static TCHAR a[] = _T("My first C++ program");
static TCHAR b[] = _T("My first wstring");

int main () {

    HINSTANCE hInstance = GetModuleHandle(0);

    WNDCLASSEX wcex;

    wcex.cbSize         = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wcex.style          = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wcex.lpfnWndProc    = WndProc;
    wcex.cbClsExtra     = 0;
    wcex.cbWndExtra     = 0;
    wcex.hInstance      = hInstance;
    wcex.hIcon          = LoadIcon(hInstance, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wcex.hCursor        = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wcex.hbrBackground  = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
    wcex.lpszMenuName   = NULL;
    wcex.lpszClassName  = a;
    wcex.hIconSm        = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, IDI_APPLICATION);

    RegisterClassEx(&wcex);

    HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(
       a,
       b,
       WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
       CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
       500, 100,
       NULL,
       NULL,
       hInstance,
       NULL
    );

    ShowWindow(hWnd,3);
    UpdateWindow(hWnd);

    MSG msg;
    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
    {
       TranslateMessage(&msg);
       DispatchMessage(&msg);
    }
    return (int) msg.wParam;


}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){
    PAINTSTRUCT ps;
    HDC hdc;
    TCHAR greeting[] = _T("I just write stuff here.");
    switch (message)
       {
       case WM_PAINT:
          hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);

          // Here your application is laid out.
          // For this introduction, we just print out "Hello, Windows Desktop!"
          // in the top left corner.
          TextOut(hdc,
             5, 5,
             greeting, _tcslen(greeting));
          // End application-specific layout section.

          EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
          break;
       case WM_DESTROY:
          PostQuitMessage(0);
          break;
       default:
          return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
          break;
       }
    return 0;
}

错误的根源在某种程度上是显而易见的。 TextOut(...) 被定义为TextOutW(...)，由wingdi.h 声明。但是我什至如何去找出实现应该在哪里呢？ (根据对另一个问题的回答，我认为那是 gdi32.lib)我怎么才能找出问题所在？ (错误消息中的 @20 是什么意思？)

我使用 Win 8.1(和 Win 8.1 SDK)、Eclipse CPP IDE 和 MingW。

Answer 1

gdi32.lib 和 Windows SDK 中的其他 *.lib 文件可与 Visual Studio 一起使用。

使用 lgdi32 而不是 gdi32.lib 将这些库与 gcc 一起使用。

您也可以改用 MinGW 库。对应的库文件有'lib'前缀和*.a扩展名:

gdi32.lib -> c:\MinGW\lib\libgdi32.a

另请注意，Windows 程序需要 -mwindows 编译器标志(如果您不想看到控制台窗口)

例子:

g++ -Wall file.cpp -mwindows c:\MinGW\lib\libgdi32.a -o app.exe    
//or
g++ -Wall file.cpp -mwindows -lgdi32 -o app.exe