android - 内存不足 : Heap Size Error after adding 10KB ImageButtons

Question

我正在 Eclipse 中开发一个以启动画面开始的 android 应用程序(在完成一些研究后怀疑此处存在内存泄漏)。初始屏幕进入主菜单，该菜单仅包含 7 个按钮，这些按钮通向某些 Java Applet。整个应用程序运行完美，直到我将 7 个虚拟 (ImageButton) png 图像更改为最终的 7 个 png 图像。这些 png 图像平均有 10KB 并且不认为它们是问题的原因(因为它们这么小)，即使这个问题是在我更改 ImageButtons 的这些 png 图像之后开始的。

老实说，除了再次调整图像大小之外，我不知道从哪里开始，因为它们被设计得有点大，以像素为单位(不是内存)以适应不同的设备。但我认为这个问题还有另一种解决方案，我作为初学者无法弄清楚。我希望有人能帮我解决这个问题:)

代码如下:

list 。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.letsfly.tryp"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="18" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme"
        android:debuggable="true" > 
        <activity
            android:name=".Splash"
            android:label="@string/app_name"
            android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name"
            android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.letsfly.tryp.MAINACTIVITY" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".Testing"
            android:label="@string/app_name"
            android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.letsfly.tryp.TESTING" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".trypOne"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.letsfly.tryp.TRYPONE" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".trypTwo"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.letsfly.tryp.TRYPTWO" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".trypThree"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.letsfly.tryp.TRYPTHREE" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".trypFour"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.letsfly.tryp.TRYPFOUR" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".trypFive"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.letsfly.tryp.TRYPFIVE" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>


</manifest>

启动 XML。

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical"

    >

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imageView1"
            android:layout_width="600dp"
            android:layout_height="800dp"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:layout_marginTop="-180px"
            android:contentDescription="@string/button1"
            android:padding="0px"
            android:src="@drawable/trypsplash" />

    </LinearLayout>

启动 Java。

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Window;
import android.view.WindowManager;

public class Splash extends Activity {


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle waitFiveSeconds) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);

        super.onCreate(waitFiveSeconds);
        setContentView(R.layout.splash);

        Thread timer = new Thread(){
            public void run(){
                try{
                    sleep(5000);
                }catch(InterruptedException e){
                    e.printStackTrace();

                }finally{
                    Intent openMenu = new 

Intent("com.letsfly.tryp.MAINACTIVITY");
                        startActivity(openMenu);

                }
            }
        };
        timer.start();
    }
}

MainActivity Java(按钮所在的位置)。

package com.letsfly.tryp;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.Window;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.widget.ImageButton;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    ImageButton button1;
    ImageButton button2;
    ImageButton button3;
    ImageButton button4;
    ImageButton button5;
    ImageButton button6;
    ImageButton button7;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {




        //replace yourActivity.this with your own activity or if you declared a context you can write context.getSystemService(Context.VIBRATOR_SERVICE);    

        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
        getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);


        button1 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.imageButton1);
        button2 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.imageButton2);
        button3 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.imageButton3);
        button4 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.imageButton4);
        button5 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.imageButton5);
        button6 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.imageButton6);
        button7 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.imageButton7);




        button1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {


            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                Intent goToTrypOne = new Intent("com.letsfly.tryp.TRYPONE");
                startActivity(goToTrypOne);

            }
        });
        button2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                Intent goToTrypTwo = new Intent("com.letsfly.tryp.TRYPTWO");
                startActivity(goToTrypTwo);


            }
        });
        button3.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                Intent goToTrypThree = new Intent("com.letsfly.tryp.TRYPTHREE");
                startActivity(goToTrypThree);

            }
        });
        button4.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                Intent goToTrypTwo = new Intent("com.letsfly.tryp.TRYPFOUR");
                startActivity(goToTrypTwo);

            }
        });
        button5.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                Intent goToTrypFive = new Intent("com.letsfly.tryp.TRYPFIVE");
                startActivity(goToTrypFive);

            }
        });
        button6.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub

            }

        });
        button7.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub

            }

        });

    }


    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }

}

主 Activity XML。

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"

    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

   <ImageButton
        android:id="@+id/imageButton1"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:contentDescription="@string/button1"
        android:src="@drawable/button1"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_gravity="center"/>
    <ImageButton
        android:id="@+id/imageButton2"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:contentDescription="@string/button2"
        android:src="@drawable/button2"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_gravity="center" />
    <ImageButton
        android:id="@+id/imageButton3"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:contentDescription="@string/button3"
        android:src="@drawable/button3"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_gravity="center" />
    <ImageButton
        android:id="@+id/imageButton4"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:contentDescription="@string/button4"
        android:src="@drawable/button4"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_gravity="center" />
    <ImageButton
        android:id="@+id/imageButton5"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:src="@drawable/button5"
        android:contentDescription="@string/button5"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_gravity="center" />
    <ImageButton
        android:id="@+id/imageButton6"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:contentDescription="@string/button6"
        android:src="@drawable/button6"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_gravity="center" />
    <ImageButton
        android:id="@+id/imageButton7"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:contentDescription="@string/button7"
        android:src="@drawable/button7"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_gravity="center" />

</LinearLayout>

Answer 1

像素过大实际上是个问题，因为 Android 需要将压缩的 png 放大为内存中的未压缩位图才能显示它们。

与其制作按比例缩小以适应不同尺寸/密度设备的大型 png，不如使用具有不同限定符的可绘制文件夹:

Images for mdpi devices: /res/drawable-mdpi
Images for hdpi devices: /res/drawable-hdpi
Images for xhdpi devices: /res/drawable-xhdpi
Images for xxhdpi devices: /res/drawable-xxhdpi

当您请求图像(例如，R.drawable.myImage)时，它会在具有与设备最匹配的密度限定符的文件夹中查找 myImage 文件。这使您可以自动确保小密度设备使用的图像占用的内存更小。

更多信息在这里: http://developer.android.com/guide/practices/screens_support.html