java - 如何在 Spring Batch 中抛出自定义异常？

Question

我遇到过一个场景，我必须跟踪使用 Spring Batch 编写的批处理中各种条件下的各种异常。例如:如果在读取数据库不可用时抛出某种类型的异常并发送邮件说明数据库不可用并终止批处理。如果表不可用，则抛出其他异常并发送邮件，说明表不可用并终止批处理。如果数据不满足 sql 语句中指定的条件，则不执行任何操作，因为这是作业的正常终止。到目前为止我所能实现的就是使用 StepExecutionListener ，我可以在其中查看是否批量读取任何记录或失败异常是什么，但不是以我想要的方式。任何帮助/建议都可以。

我的 context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:batch="http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch/spring-batch-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd">

    <import resource="classpath:context-datasource.xml" />

    <bean
        class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">

        <property name="location">
            <value>springbatch.properties</value>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="validator"
        class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean" />

    <bean id="jobRepository"
        class="org.springframework.batch.core.repository.support.MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean" />

    <bean id="jobLauncher"
        class="org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher">
        <property name="jobRepository" ref="jobRepository" />
    </bean>


    <!-- ItemReader which reads from database and returns the row mapped by 
        rowMapper -->
    <bean id="databaseItemReader"
        class="org.springframework.batch.item.database.JdbcCursorItemReader">

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

        <property name="sql" value="SELECT * FROM employee1" />

        <property name="rowMapper">
            <bean class="com.abc.springbatch.jdbc.EmployeeRowMapper" />
        </property>

    </bean>


    <!-- ItemWriter writes a line into output flat file -->
    <bean id="databaseItemWriter"
        class="org.springframework.batch.item.database.JdbcBatchItemWriter">

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

        <property name="sql">
            <value>
                <![CDATA[        
                    insert into actemployee(empId, firstName, lastName,additionalInfo) 
                    values (?, ?, ?, ?)
                ]]>
            </value>
        </property>

        <property name="itemPreparedStatementSetter">
            <bean class="com.abc.springbatch.jdbc.EmployeePreparedStatementSetter" />
        </property>

    </bean>


    <!-- Optional ItemProcessor to perform business logic/filtering on the input 
        records -->
    <bean id="itemProcessor" class="com.abc.springbatch.EmployeeItemProcessor">
        <property name="validator" ref="validator" />
    </bean>

    <!-- Step will need a transaction manager -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.batch.support.transaction.ResourcelessTransactionManager" />


    <bean id="recordSkipListener" class="com.abc.springbatch.RecordSkipListener" />

    <bean id="customItemReadListener" class="com.abc.springbatch.CustomItemReadListener" />

    <bean id="stepExecutionListener" class="com.abc.springbatch.BatchStepExecutionListner">
        <constructor-arg ref="mailSender" />
        <constructor-arg ref="preConfiguredMessage" />
    </bean>

    <!-- Actual Job -->
    <batch:job id="employeeToActiveEmployee">
        <batch:step id="step1">
            <batch:tasklet transaction-manager="transactionManager">
                <batch:chunk reader="databaseItemReader" writer="databaseItemWriter"
                    processor="itemProcessor" commit-interval="10" skip-limit="500" retry-limit="5">
                    <batch:listeners>
                        <batch:listener ref="customItemReadListener"/>
                    </batch:listeners>
                    <!-- Retry included here to retry for specified times in case the following exception occurs -->
                    <batch:retryable-exception-classes>
                        <batch:include
                            class="org.springframework.dao.DeadlockLoserDataAccessException" />
                    </batch:retryable-exception-classes>
                    <batch:skippable-exception-classes>
                        <batch:include class="javax.validation.ValidationException" />
                    </batch:skippable-exception-classes>
                </batch:chunk>

            </batch:tasklet>
            <batch:listeners>
                <batch:listener ref="recordSkipListener" />
                <batch:listener ref="stepExecutionListener" />
            </batch:listeners>
        </batch:step>
    </batch:job>




    <!-- Email API bean configuarion -->

    <bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
        <property name="host" value="${constant.order.mailHost.response}" />
        <property name="port" value="${constant.order.mailPort.response}" />
        <property name="username" value="${constant.order.mailUsername.response}" />
        <property name="password" value="XXXXXX" />
        <property name="javaMailProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="mail.transport.protocol">smtp</prop>
                <prop key="mail.smtp.auth">false</prop>
                <prop key="mail.smtp.starttls.enable">true</prop>
                <prop key="mail.debug">true</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="preConfiguredMessage" class="org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage">
        <property name="from" value="abc@xyz.com" />
        <property name="to" value="abc@xyz.com" />
        <property name="subject" value="Skipped Records" />
    </bean>


</beans>


<!-- Email API bean configuarion -->

<bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
    <property name="host" value="${constant.order.mailHost.response}" />
    <property name="port" value="${constant.order.mailPort.response}" />
    <property name="username" value="${constant.order.mailUsername.response}" />
    <property name="password" value="XXXXXX" />
    <property name="javaMailProperties">
        <props>
            <prop key="mail.transport.protocol">smtp</prop>
            <prop key="mail.smtp.auth">false</prop>
            <prop key="mail.smtp.starttls.enable">true</prop>
            <prop key="mail.debug">true</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>
<bean id="preConfiguredMessage" class="org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage">
    <property name="from" value="abc@xyz.com" />
    <property name="to" value="abc@xyz.com" />
    <property name="subject" value="Skipped Records" />
</bean>

StepExecutionListener.java

public class BatchStepExecutionListner implements StepExecutionListener {

    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    private SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage;

    public BatchStepExecutionListner(JavaMailSender mailSender, SimpleMailMessage preConfiguredMessage) {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        this.mailSender = mailSender;
        this.simpleMailMessage = preConfiguredMessage;
    }

    @Override
    public void beforeStep(StepExecution stepExecution) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public ExitStatus afterStep(StepExecution stepExecution) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        stepExecution.getReadCount();
        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        try {
            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);

            helper.setFrom(simpleMailMessage.getFrom());
            helper.setTo(simpleMailMessage.getTo());
            helper.setSubject(simpleMailMessage.getSubject());
            helper.setText("These are the skipped records");

            FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource("filename.txt");
            helper.addAttachment(file.getFilename(), file);

        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            throw new MailParseException(e);
        }
        //mailSender.send(message);

        return null;
    }

}

谢谢

Answer 1

如果数据库已关闭，则在初始化应用程序上下文时(在进入作业执行之前)将无法创建数据源。除此之外，您确实应该考虑限制应用程序中“合理”捕获的范围。通常(至少在我们的商店中)数据库故障、网络问题或删除的表将被视为“灾难性”故障，因此我们不必费心在应用程序代码中捕获它们。

应该有其他工具来监控网络/系统/数据库健康状况和配置管理工具，以确保您的数据库具有正确的 DDL。应用程序层中的任何进一步检查都是多余的。