java - 通过 Qualifier 注入(inject) null 而不是对象进行 Spring 注入(inject)

Question

这个简单的代码应该通过 Java Spring 实现一个简单的工厂。然而结果是空指针，因为 Human 对象没有被注入(inject)对象(所以它保持空)。

我做错了什么？

谢谢

配置

@Configuration
 public class Config {

    @Bean(name = "Male")
    public Human getMale(){
        return new Male();
    }
    @Bean(name = "Female")
    public Human getFemale(){
        return new Female();
    }
}

人类

@Service
public interface Human {
    String getName();
    void setName(String nm);
}

男性和女性实现

@Service
public class Female implements Human{

    private  String name;

    public Female() {
        this.name = "Alice";
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String nm) {
        this.name=nm;
    }

}

@Service
public class Male implements Human{

    private  String name;

    public Male() {
        this.name = "Bob";
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String nm) {
        this.name=nm;
    }

}

人类工厂这是用 Spring 简单实现工厂设计模式的类。

@Service
public class HumanFactory {

    @Qualifier("Male")
    Human Male;

    @Qualifier("Female")
    Human female;

    public Human getMale() {
        return Male;
    }

    public Human getFemale() {
        return female;
    }

主要

@SpringBootApplication
public class AotSpringMain {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run(AotSpringMain.class, args);
        HumanFactory humanFactory = (HumanFactory)ctx.getBean("humanFactory");
        System.out.println(humanFactory.getMale().getName());

    }
}

Answer 1

@Qualifier 不会启用字段的 Autowiring 。
它被指定为:

This annotation may be used on a field or parameter as a qualifier for candidate beans when autowiring

所以这些:

@Qualifier("Male")
Human Male;

@Qualifier("Female")
Human female;

应该是:

@Autowired
@Qualifier("Male")
Human Male;

@Autowired
@Qualifier("Female")
Human female;