java - 安卓工作室 : Espresso dependencies in gradle

Question

我的 Android 项目中有以下 Gradle 配置:

buildscript {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.3.3'
    }
}
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

dependencies {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
        google()
    }
    compile fileTree(include: '*.jar', dir: 'libs')
    compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:25.4.0'
    androidTestCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.0'

}

android {
    compileSdkVersion 25
    buildToolsVersion "25.0.0"

    buildTypes {
        debug {
            debuggable true
            applicationIdSuffix ".debug"
        }
    }

    defaultConfig {
        jackOptions {
            enabled true
        }
        testInstrumentationRunner 'android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner'
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }

    sourceSets {
        main {
            manifest.srcFile 'AndroidManifest.xml'
            java.srcDirs = ['src']
            resources.srcDirs = ['src']
            aidl.srcDirs = ['src']
            renderscript.srcDirs = ['src']
            res.srcDirs = ['res']
            assets.srcDirs = ['assets']
        }

        instrumentTest.setRoot('tests')
        debug.setRoot('build-types/debug')
        release.setRoot('build-types/release')
    }
}

我想开始进行 UI 测试，所以我通过 Android Studio 的录制功能录制了一个 Espresso 测试。之后，在保存测试类文件时，我注意到一些导入没有解析。

Error:(17, 8) The import org.junit cannot be resolved
Error:(19, 15) The import android.support.test cannot be resolved

如你所见，我直接添加了junit依赖，为什么android studio或gradle看不到junit库呢？

这是我的部门树:

androidTestCompile - Classpath for compiling the androidTest sources.
+--- junit:junit:4.12
|    \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3
\--- com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.0
     +--- com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.0
     |    +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.4.0
     |    +--- junit:junit:4.12 (*)
     |    \--- net.sf.kxml:kxml2:2.3.0
     +--- com.android.support.test:rules:1.0.0
     |    \--- com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.0 (*)
     +--- com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-idling-resource:3.0.0
     +--- com.squareup:javawriter:2.1.1
     +--- javax.inject:javax.inject:1
     +--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.3
     |    \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3
     +--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-integration:1.3
     |    \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.3 (*)
     \--- com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:2.0.1

我的源文件夹是这样组织的:

└── src
    ├── androidTest
    │   └── java
    │       └── pt
    │           └── joaomneto
    │               └── titancompanion
    │                   └── (expresso tests source code)
    └── pt
        └── joaomneto
            └── titancompanion
                └── (app source code)

谢谢你的帮助

Answer 1

正如我发现的那样，问题不在于依赖关系树，而在于我使用的文件夹结构。将文件夹结构更改为更标准的 src/main/java 和 src/androidTest/java 并相应地更改 gradle.build 之后

sourceSets {
    main {
        manifest.srcFile 'AndroidManifest.xml'
        java.srcDirs = ['src/main/java']
        resources.srcDirs = ['src/main/java']
        aidl.srcDirs = ['src/main/java']
        renderscript.srcDirs = ['src/main/java']
        res.srcDirs = ['res']
        assets.srcDirs = ['assets']
    }

    androidTest.java.srcDir 'src/androidTest/java'
    debug.setRoot('build-types/debug')
    release.setRoot('build-types/release')
}

Android studio 现在能够在正确的位置看到测试文件，并将良好的依赖关系树范围应用于它们。