javascript - 图像上的涟漪

Question

如何在图像而不是原始 Canvas 上实现类似的效果？

/**
 * Water ripple effect.
 * Original code (Java) by Neil Wallis 
 * @link http://www.neilwallis.com/java/water.html
 * 
 * @author Sergey Chikuyonok (serge.che@gmail.com)
 * @link http://chikuyonok.ru
 */
(function(){
    var canvas = document.getElementById('c'),
        /** @type {CanvasRenderingContext2D} */
        ctx = canvas.getContext('2d'),
        width = 400,
        height = 400,
        half_width = width >> 1,
        half_height = height >> 1,
        size = width * (height + 2) * 2,
        delay = 30,
        oldind = width,
        newind = width * (height + 3),
        riprad = 3,
        mapind,
        ripplemap = [],
        last_map = [],
        ripple,
        texture,
        line_width = 20,
        step = line_width * 2, 
        count = height / line_width;
        
    canvas.width = width;
    canvas.height = height;
    
    /*
     * Water ripple demo can work with any bitmap image
     * (see example here: http://media.chikuyonok.ru/ripple/)
     * But I need to draw simple artwork to bypass 1k limitation
     */
    with (ctx) {
        fillStyle = '#a2ddf8';
        fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
        
        fillStyle = '#07b';
        save();
        rotate(-0.785);
        for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            fillRect(-width, i * step, width * 3, line_width);
        }
        
        restore();
    }
    
    texture = ctx.getImageData(0, 0, width, height);
    ripple = ctx.getImageData(0, 0, width, height);
    
    for (var i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        last_map[i] = ripplemap[i] = 0;
    }
    
    /**
     * Main loop
     */
    function run() {
        newframe();
        ctx.putImageData(ripple, 0, 0);
    }
    
    /**
     * Disturb water at specified point
     */
    function disturb(dx, dy) {
        dx <<= 0;
        dy <<= 0;
        
        for (var j = dy - riprad; j < dy + riprad; j++) {
            for (var k = dx - riprad; k < dx + riprad; k++) {
                ripplemap[oldind + (j * width) + k] += 512;
            }
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Generates new ripples
     */
    function newframe() {
        var i, a, b, data, cur_pixel, new_pixel, old_data;
        
        i = oldind;
        oldind = newind;
        newind = i;
        
        i = 0;
        mapind = oldind;
        
        // create local copies of variables to decrease
        // scope lookup time in Firefox
        var _width = width,
            _height = height,
            _ripplemap = ripplemap,
            _mapind = mapind,
            _newind = newind,
            _last_map = last_map,
            _rd = ripple.data,
            _td = texture.data,
            _half_width = half_width,
            _half_height = half_height;
        
        for (var y = 0; y < _height; y++) {
            for (var x = 0; x < _width; x++) {
                data = (
                    _ripplemap[_mapind - _width] + 
                    _ripplemap[_mapind + _width] + 
                    _ripplemap[_mapind - 1] + 
                    _ripplemap[_mapind + 1]) >> 1;
                    
                data -= _ripplemap[_newind + i];
                data -= data >> 5;
                
                _ripplemap[_newind + i] = data;

                //where data=0 then still, where data>0 then wave
                data = 1024 - data;
                
                old_data = _last_map[i];
                _last_map[i] = data;
                
                if (old_data != data) {
                    //offsets
                    a = (((x - _half_width) * data / 1024) << 0) + _half_width;
                    b = (((y - _half_height) * data / 1024) << 0) + _half_height;
    
                    //bounds check
                    if (a >= _width) a = _width - 1;
                    if (a < 0) a = 0;
                    if (b >= _height) b = _height - 1;
                    if (b < 0) b = 0;
    
                    new_pixel = (a + (b * _width)) * 4;
                    cur_pixel = i * 4;
                    
                    _rd[cur_pixel] = _td[new_pixel];
                    _rd[cur_pixel + 1] = _td[new_pixel + 1];
                    _rd[cur_pixel + 2] = _td[new_pixel + 2];
                }
                
                ++_mapind;
                ++i;
            }
        }
        
        mapind = _mapind;
    }
    
    canvas.onmousemove = function(/* Event */ evt) {
        disturb(evt.offsetX || evt.layerX, evt.offsetY || evt.layerY);
    };
    
    setInterval(run, delay);
    
    // generate random ripples
    var rnd = Math.random;
    setInterval(function() {
        disturb(rnd() * width, rnd() * height);
    }, 700);
    
})();

<canvas id="c"></canvas>

Answer 1

看看这只雄伟的独 Angular 兽:codepen . Data URI 用于避免 CORS 问题，它适用于任意数量的图像(默认情况下所有图像)。

JS:

window.addEventListener('load',()=>{
  document.querySelectorAll('img').forEach((img)=>{
    var cont = document.createElement('div');
    cont.style.position = 'relative'
    cont.style.display = 'inline-block'
    img.parentNode.insertBefore(cont,img);
    img.style.verticalAlign = 'top';
    cont.appendChild(img)
    console.dir(img)
    var c = document.createElement('canvas');
    c.width = img.clientWidth
    c.height = img.clientHeight
    c.style.position = 'absolute'
    c.style.top = '0px'
    c.style.left = '0px'
    cont.appendChild(c)
    console.log(c)
    makeRipple(c,img)
  })
})

function makeRipple(el,img){

    var canvas = el,
        /** @type {CanvasRenderingContext2D} */
        ctx = canvas.getContext('2d'),
        width = img.clientWidth,
        height = img.clientHeight,
        half_width = width >> 1,
        half_height = height >> 1,
        size = width * (height + 2) * 2,
        delay = 30,
        oldind = width,
        newind = width * (height + 3),
        riprad = 3,
        mapind,
        ripplemap = [],
        last_map = [],
        ripple,
        texture,
        line_width = 20,
        step = line_width * 2, 
        count = height / line_width;

    canvas.width = width;
    canvas.height = height;

    /*
     * Water ripple demo can work with any bitmap image
     * (see example here: http://media.chikuyonok.ru/ripple/)
     * But I need to draw simple artwork to bypass 1k limitation
     */
    ctx.drawImage(img,0,0,img.clientWidth,img.clientHeight)

    texture = ctx.getImageData(0, 0, width, height);
    ripple = ctx.getImageData(0, 0, width, height);

    for (var i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        last_map[i] = ripplemap[i] = 0;
    }

    /**
     * Main loop
     */
    function run() {
      console.log('bbb')
        newframe();
        ctx.putImageData(ripple, 0, 0);
    }

    /**
     * Disturb water at specified point
     */
    function disturb(dx, dy) {
        dx <<= 0;
        dy <<= 0;

        for (var j = dy - riprad; j < dy + riprad; j++) {
            for (var k = dx - riprad; k < dx + riprad; k++) {
                ripplemap[oldind + (j * width) + k] += 512;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Generates new ripples
     */
    function newframe() {
        var i, a, b, data, cur_pixel, new_pixel, old_data;

        i = oldind;
        oldind = newind;
        newind = i;

        i = 0;
        mapind = oldind;

        // create local copies of variables to decrease
        // scope lookup time in Firefox
        var _width = width,
            _height = height,
            _ripplemap = ripplemap,
            _mapind = mapind,
            _newind = newind,
            _last_map = last_map,
            _rd = ripple.data,
            _td = texture.data,
            _half_width = half_width,
            _half_height = half_height;

        for (var y = 0; y < _height; y++) {
            for (var x = 0; x < _width; x++) {
                data = (
                    _ripplemap[_mapind - _width] + 
                    _ripplemap[_mapind + _width] + 
                    _ripplemap[_mapind - 1] + 
                    _ripplemap[_mapind + 1]) >> 1;

                data -= _ripplemap[_newind + i];
                data -= data >> 5;

                _ripplemap[_newind + i] = data;

                //where data=0 then still, where data>0 then wave
                data = 1024 - data;

                old_data = _last_map[i];
                _last_map[i] = data;

                if (old_data != data) {
                    //offsets
                    a = (((x - _half_width) * data / 1024) << 0) + _half_width;
                    b = (((y - _half_height) * data / 1024) << 0) + _half_height;

                    //bounds check
                    if (a >= _width) a = _width - 1;
                    if (a < 0) a = 0;
                    if (b >= _height) b = _height - 1;
                    if (b < 0) b = 0;

                    new_pixel = (a + (b * _width)) * 4;
                    cur_pixel = i * 4;

                    _rd[cur_pixel] = _td[new_pixel];
                    _rd[cur_pixel + 1] = _td[new_pixel + 1];
                    _rd[cur_pixel + 2] = _td[new_pixel + 2];
                }

                ++_mapind;
                ++i;
            }
        }

        mapind = _mapind;
    }

    canvas.onmousemove = function(/* Event */ evt) {
      console.log('XXXX',evt.offsetX)
        disturb(evt.offsetX || evt.layerX, evt.offsetY || evt.layerY);
    };

    setInterval(run, delay);

    // generate random ripples
    var rnd = Math.random;
    setInterval(function() {
      console.log('aaa')
        disturb(rnd() * width, rnd() * height);
    }, 700);

};