Python:无法运行 cx_freeze 创建的 Python 可执行文件(带有文本文件)

Question

我编写了一个Python程序来单独备份MySQL数据库的所有对象。该程序在我的机器上运行时工作正常，但是当我使用 cx_freeze 创建可执行文件时，它无法在另一台机器上运行。我发现错误的原因是配置的文本文件。当我不写配置文件时，程序运行正常，否则会出错。

我的提取代码:mysql_extractor.py。请查看filter_parsing函数，它可能是错误的来源。

[mysql_extractor.py]

#!/usr/bin/env python3

"""
__title__        = "mysql_extractor.py"
__description__  = "Script to extract objects of MySQL database individually"

"""

from __future__ import print_function
import argparse
import os
import sys
import pymysql
import encodings.idna

class MySQLExtractor:

############################################
#
#    PUBLIC METHODS
#
############################################

   directory = ""
   dumpcmd   = ""

   def parse_argument(self):
      self.parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="MySQL dump process")
      args_conn = self.parser.add_argument_group(title="Database Connection")
      args_conn.add_argument('--host', dest="hostname", default="127.0.0.1", help="Host name or IP Address")
      args_conn.add_argument('-u', '--username', dest="username", default="root", help="Database user name.")
      args_conn.add_argument('--password', dest="password", default="", help="Password for the given user.")
      args_conn.add_argument('-d', '--db', dest="db", default="test", help="Database name to connect to.")

      args_filter = self.parser.add_argument_group(title="Filters", description="All object names given in any filter MUST be fully schema qualified.")
      args_filter.add_argument('--gettables', dest="gettables", action="store_true", help="Get all tables only")

      self.args = self.parser.parse_args()
   # end _parse_arguments()

   def gettables(self):
      try:
         print ("Dumping Tables..")
         conn = pymysql.connect(host=self.args.hostname, user=self.args.username, passwd=self.args.password, database=self.args.db)
         cursor = conn.cursor()
         if not os.path.exists("tables"):
            os.makedirs("tables")
            os.chdir("tables")
            query = "show full tables where Table_Type != 'VIEW'"
            cursor.execute(query)
            for row in cursor:
               dumpcmd = self.dumpcmd
               dumpcmd +=  " " + row[0] + " --no-data > " + row[0] + ".sql"
               os.system(dumpcmd)
            os.chdir(self.directory)
         cursor.close()
         conn.close()
      except pymysql.Error as e:
         print("Error lin connecting to the DB: " + str(e) )
         sys.exit(2)
   # end gettables

   def filter_parsing(self):
      """
      Some more code here, but not relevant to the question
      """
      self.directory = self.args.db
      os.makedirs(self.directory)
      os.chdir(self.directory)

      # Create config file <Probable source of error>
      filename = "my_config"
      f = open(filename, 'w')
      f.write("[mysqldump]\n")
      f.write("host='"+ self.args.hostname + "'\n")
      f.write("user='"+ self.args.username + "'\n")
      f.write("password='"+ self.args.password + "'\n")
      f.close()

      self.directory = os.getcwd()
      self.dumpcmd = "mysqldump --defaults-file=" + self.directory + "/my_config" +" --skip-dump-date " + self.args.db

      # If the following command is used and config file is not created, it gives no error.
      # self.dumpcmd = "mysqldump -u " + self.args.username + " -h " + self.args.hostname + " --password=" + self.args.password + "  --skip-dump-date " + self.args.db 

      #gettables is selected
      if self.args.gettables==True:
         self.gettables()
         return
   # end filter_parsing

#end class MySQLExtractor


p = MySQLExtractor()
p.parse_argument()
try:
   p.filter_parsing()
finally:
   print ("Done")      

这段代码在我的机器上运行时工作正常。但是当我创建一个可执行文件并在其他计算机上运行它时，它会出现错误。这是我的 setup.py 文件

[设置.py]

import sys
from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable
# Dependencies are automatically detected, but it might need fine tuning.
build_exe_options = {"packages": ["os","MySQLdb"], "excludes": ["tkinter"]}

# GUI applications require a different base on Windows (the default is for a
# console application).
base = None
if sys.platform == "win32":
    base = "Win32GUI"

setup(  name = "extractor",
        version = "0.1",
        description = "My GUI application!",
        options = {"build_exe": build_exe_options},
        executables = [Executable("mysql_extractor.py", base=base)])

抛出的错误是:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2237, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
  File "/usr/lib64/python3.4/site-packages/cx_Freeze-5.0-py3.4-linux-x86_64.egg/cx_Freeze/initscripts/__startup__.py", line 12, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2237, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
  File "/usr/lib64/python3.4/site-packages/cx_Freeze-5.0-py3.4-linux-x86_64.egg/cx_Freeze/initscripts/Console.py", line 21, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2237, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
  File "/home/AD/abhishek.bhola/Documents/tmp/tmp_test.py", line 97, in <module>
  File "/home/AD/abhishek.bhola/Documents/tmp/tmp_test.py", line 74, in filter_parsing
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2237, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2222, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2164, in _find_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1940, in find_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1916, in _get_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1897, in _legacy_get_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 863, in spec_from_loader
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 904, in spec_from_file_location
OSError: zipimport: can not open file ./lib64/python34.zip

Answer 1

此问题已在源存储库中检测到并已解决。问题是使用相对路径启动可执行文件时进行的 os.chdir() 调用。您现在有三个选择:

• 使用绝对路径来启动可执行文件
• 获取更新的源代码并构建它(然后您可以使用相对路径)
• 等待 cx_Freeze 的下一个版本发布(希望很快!)