python - pyodbc 无法正确处理 unicode 数据

Question

我确实使用pyodbc成功连接了MySQL数据库，并且它可以很好地处理ascii编码的数据，但是当我打印使用unicode(utf8)编码的数据时，它引发了错误:

UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 0-8: ordinal not in range(128)

所以我检查了行中的字符串:

>>>row[3]
'\xe7\xae\xa1\xe7\x90\u2020\xe5\u2018\u02dc'

我找到了instructions about unicode in pyodbc github wiki

These databases tend to use a single encoding and do not differentiate between "SQL_CHAR" and "SQL_WCHAR". Therefore you must configure them to encode Unicode data as UTF-8 and to decode both C buffer types using UTF-8.

# Python 3.x
cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, encoding='utf-8')
cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, encoding='utf-8')
cnxn.setencoding(encoding='utf-8')

If you are using MySQL, you can add the character set to the connection string, but I'm not sure if this is necessary.

# MySQL
cstring = 'DSN=mydsn;CharSet=utf8'
cnxn = pyodbc.connect(cstring)

我按照上面的方法做了，但没有什么不同。我的代码流畅

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pyodbc
import configparser
class ServerDBDAO():
    def __init__(self):
        ''' Establish connection to SQL'''
        # Read config
        self.cf = configparser.ConfigParser()
        self.cf.read("./Config/server.ini")
        driver = self.cf.get('Database', 'Driver')
        server = self.cf.get('Database', 'Server')
        database = self.cf.get('Database', 'Database')
        uid = self.cf.get('Database', 'UID')
        pwd = self.cf.get('Database', 'PWD')

        # Connect database
        connString = 'DRIVER=%s;SERVER=%s;DATABASE=%s;UID=%s;PWD=%s;CharSet=utf8'%(driver, server, database, uid, pwd)
        '''Successfully connected database with this
        self.conn = pyodbc.connect('DRIVER=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/odbc/libmyodbc.so;SERVER=localhost;DATABASE=xxx;UID=root;PWD=xxxxxx'))
        '''
        self.conn = pyodbc.connect(connString,unicode_results=True)
        self.conn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, encoding='utf-8')
        self.conn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, encoding='utf-8')
        self.conn.setencoding(encoding='utf-8')
        self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()

    def __del__(self):
        self.conn.commit()
        self.conn.close()

测试代码:

from ServerDBDAO import ServerDBDAO
dbdao = ServerDBDAO()
row_employee = cursor.execute('select id, name, email from Employee;').fetchone()
print(row_employee.name)

Answer 1

我也遇到了同样的问题。除了使用这些之外:

cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, encoding='utf-8')
cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, encoding='utf-8')
cnxn.setencoding(encoding='utf-8')

添加此内容解决了我的问题:

cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WMETADATA, encoding='utf-32le')