android - 如何在一个按钮中放置多个文本？

Question

我有一个我想重新创建的按钮，它看起来像这样:

我已经通过使用一个普通的 Button 和一个 drawable 作为背景完成了它的一部分。但是我怎样才能重新创建按钮内的文本布局呢？我尝试将 TextView 放在 Button 内的 ConstraintLayout 中，但它不起作用。

如何创建也可以通过编程方式更改的布局？

Answer 1

您可以创建自定义 View ；设置布局内的文本元素定位，配置背景以在 pressed|selected|enabled|disabled 时表现出多种状态，最后将 onClickListener 附加到 View ；

对于自定义 View ，我使用了这个:

public class WrapperPeriodicElement extends ConstraintLayout {

    private TextView textTop;
    private TextView textMiddle;
    private TextView textBottom;

    private String strTextTop;
    private String strTextMiddle;
    private String strTextBottom;

    public WrapperPeriodicElement(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }

    public WrapperPeriodicElement(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        init(context, attrs);
    }

    private void init(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        LayoutInflater layoutInflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        View view = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.periodic_element, this);

        this.textTop = view.findViewById(R.id.text_top);
        this.textMiddle = view.findViewById(R.id.text_middle);
        this.textBottom = view.findViewById(R.id.text_bottom);

        TypedArray array = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.WrapperPeriodicElement, 0, 0);
        try {
            strTextTop = array.getString(R.styleable.WrapperPeriodicElement_textTop);
            strTextMiddle = array.getString(R.styleable.WrapperPeriodicElement_textMiddle);
            strTextBottom = array.getString(R.styleable.WrapperPeriodicElement_textBottom);
        } finally {
            array.recycle();
        }


        textTop.setText(strTextTop);
        textMiddle.setText(strTextMiddle);
        textBottom.setText(strTextBottom);
    }

    public String getTextTop() {
        return strTextTop;
    }

    public String getTextMiddle() {
        return strTextMiddle;
    }

    public String getTextBottom() {
        return strTextBottom;
    }

    public void setTextTop(String text) {
        this.strTextTop = text;
        textTop.setText(strTextTop);
        invalidate();
        requestLayout();
    }

    public void setTextMiddle(String text) {
        this.strTextMiddle = text;
        textMiddle.setText(strTextMiddle);
        invalidate();
        requestLayout();
    }

    public void setTextBottom(String text) {
        this.strTextBottom = text;
        textBottom.setText(strTextBottom);
        invalidate();
        requestLayout();
    }
}

此元素的自定义 View :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="72dp"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="@drawable/periodic_element_background"
    android:foreground="?android:attr/selectableItemBackground">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_top"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="4dp"
        android:textAppearance="?android:textAppearanceSmall"
        android:textColor="@color/colorAccent"
        android:textSize="14sp"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        tools:text="019" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_middle"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:textAppearance="?android:textAppearanceLarge"
        android:textColor="@color/colorAccent"
        android:textSize="48sp"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        tools:text="Kg" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_bottom"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:textAppearance="?android:textAppearanceMedium"
        android:textColor="@color/colorAccent"
        android:textSize="12sp"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/text_middle"
        tools:text="Potassium" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

periodic_element 的背景:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/periodic_element_disabled" android:state_enabled="false" />
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/periodic_element_pressed" android:state_enabled="true" android:state_pressed="true" />
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/periodic_element_pressed" android:state_enabled="true" android:state_focused="true" />
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/periodic_element_enabled" android:state_enabled="true" />
</selector>

在我的示例中，每个项目中只有一种颜色，这里是 periodic_element_disabled.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shape="rectangle">
    <solid android:color="@color/periodic_element_disabled"/>
</shape>

main_activity.xml 中的代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@android:color/white"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginEnd="16dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:text="Are you made of Cooper and Tellurium?\nBecause you're"
        android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Headline"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <com.example.joao.periodicproject.customview.WrapperPeriodicElement
        android:id="@+id/element_cooper"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView"
        app:textBottom="Cooper"
        app:textMiddle="Cu" />

    <com.example.joao.periodicproject.customview.WrapperPeriodicElement
        android:id="@+id/element_telurium"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/element_cooper"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView"
        app:textBottom="Tellurium"
        app:textMiddle="Te"
        app:textTop="52" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView2"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginEnd="16dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="32dp"
        android:text="I was going to make a joke about sodium, but..."
        android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Headline"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/element_cooper" />

    <com.example.joao.periodicproject.customview.WrapperPeriodicElement
        android:id="@+id/element_sodium"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView2" />


</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

最后，MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        final WrapperPeriodicElement cooper = findViewById(R.id.element_cooper);
        cooper.setTextTop("29");

        cooper.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, cooper.getTextBottom(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });

        final WrapperPeriodicElement sodium = findViewById(R.id.element_sodium);
        sodium.setTextTop("11");
        sodium.setTextMiddle("Na");
        sodium.setTextBottom("Sodium");

        sodium.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, sodium.getTextBottom(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });

    }
}

这里是结果:

;

您可以查看 github 上的代码