android - 在主要 Activity 中请求权限

Question

我有一个应用程序可以在设备上录制和存储音频。我的主要 Activity 包含一堆其他 Activity 的按钮。这些其他 Activity 是进行实际录音的 Activity 。

我的主要 Activity 设置如下:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private Button mSmallVowel;
    private Button mSayCat;
    private Button mCough;
    private Button mSaySentence;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        String sep = File.separator;
        String newFolder = "AudioRecordingTest";
        String extStorageDirectory = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString();
        File myNewFolder = new File(extStorageDirectory + sep + newFolder);
        myNewFolder.mkdir();

        mSmallVowel = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSmallVowel);
        mSmallVowel.setOnClickListener(this);
        mSayCat = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSayCat);
        mSayCat.setOnClickListener(this);
        mCough = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnCough);
        mCough.setOnClickListener(this);
        mSaySentence = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSaySentence);
        mSaySentence.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch(v.getId()) {
            case R.id.btnSmallVowel:
                Intent small_vowel_intent = new Intent(this, SmallVowel.class);
                this.startActivity(small_vowel_intent);
                break;
            case R.id.btnSayCat:
                Intent say_cat_intent = new Intent(this, SayCat.class);
                this.startActivity(say_cat_intent);
                break;
            case R.id.btnCough:
                Intent cough_intent = new Intent(this, Cough.class);
                this.startActivity(cough_intent);
                break;
            case R.id.btnSaySentence:
                Intent say_sentence_intent = new Intent(this, SaySentence.class);
                this.startActivity(say_sentence_intent);
                break;
        }
    }
}

所有其他 Activity 如下所示:

public class SaySentence extends AppCompatActivity {

    private MediaRecorder recorder;
    private String OUTPUT_FILE;
    private TextView mStatus;
    private TextView mRecorded;

    //folder initialization
    private String sep = File.separator;
    private String mChildFolder = "SaySentence";
    private String mExtStorageDirectory = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString();
    private File mChildFile = new File(mExtStorageDirectory + sep + "AudioRecordingTest" + sep + mChildFolder);

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_say_sentence);

        mChildFile.mkdir();

        mStatus = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtStatus);
        mRecorded = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtRecorded);

    }

    public void startSpeaking(View view) {
        //clear text
        mRecorded.setText("");

        try {
            beginRecording();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void stopSpeaking(View view) {
        try {
            stopRecording();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void beginRecording() {
        ditchMediaRecorder();

        //get number of files already in sub-folder and increment the audio filename accordingly
        File[] filesInFolder = mChildFile.listFiles();
        if (filesInFolder != null) {
            int count = filesInFolder.length;
            OUTPUT_FILE = mExtStorageDirectory + sep + "AudioRecordingTest" + sep + mChildFolder + sep + "saysentence" + (count+1) + ".3gpp";
        }
        else {
            OUTPUT_FILE = mExtStorageDirectory + sep + "AudioRecordingTest" + sep + mChildFolder + sep + "saysentence0" + ".3gpp";
        }

        File outFile = new File(OUTPUT_FILE);

        mStatus.setText("Recording");

        if(outFile.exists()){
            outFile.delete();
        }

        recorder = new MediaRecorder();
        recorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
        recorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP);
        recorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);
        recorder.setOutputFile(OUTPUT_FILE);

        try {
            recorder.prepare();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        recorder.start();

    }

    private void stopRecording() {
        mStatus.setText("Recording Stopped");
        mRecorded.setText("Audio file saved to: " + OUTPUT_FILE);

        if(recorder != null){
            recorder.stop();
        }

    }

    private void ditchMediaRecorder() {
        if(recorder != null) {
            recorder.release();
        }
    }
}

由于在 Android 6.0 中必须在运行时询问权限，所以我想这样做以便主要 Activity 请求我在 list 中需要的所有权限:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.soufinrahimeen.audiorecordingtest">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher_medical"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity android:name=".SmallVowel" />
        <activity android:name=".SayCat" />
        <activity android:name=".Cough" />
        <activity android:name=".SaySentence"></activity>
    </application>

</manifest> 

我看过官方文档 Requesting Permissions at Run Time ，然而，官方教程让我似乎需要在实际录制和保存音频的 Activity 中请求权限。

我想让 MainActivity 请求所有必需的权限，一旦用户启用它们，它就允许他们毫无问题地使用应用程序的其余部分。

我怎样才能做到这一点？

Answer 1

添加这些行以检查代码中的多个权限:

public static final int MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS = 100;

// function to check permissions
    private void checkPermission() {
    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getActivity(),
            Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO) + ContextCompat
            .checkSelfPermission(getActivity(),
                    Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE))
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

        if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale
                (getActivity(), Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO) ||
                ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale
                        (getActivity(), Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
                requestPermissions(
                        new String[]{Manifest.permission
                                .RECORD_AUDIO, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
                        MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS);
            }

        } else {
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
                requestPermissions(
                        new String[]{Manifest.permission
                                .RECORD_AUDIO, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
                        MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS);
            }
        }
    } else {
        // put your function here

    }
}


 // Function to initiate after permissions are given by user
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
                                       String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {

    switch (requestCode) {
        case MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS:
            if (grantResults.length > 0) {
                boolean recordPermission = grantResults[1] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
                boolean writeExternalFile = grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
                if(recordPermission && writeExternalFile)
                {
                    // put your function here
                }
            }
            else {
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
                    requestPermissions(
                            new String[]{Manifest.permission
                                    .WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO},
                            MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS);
                }
            }

    }
}