SQL - 自连接以查找与第三个标签具有共同发布的两个标签

Question

我正在使用 PostgreSQL 和 PgAdmin 4，并且正在使用 MusicBrainz 数据库。我需要找到从未发布过共同版本的唱片公司，但他们都发布了带有第三个标签的版本(两者的标签相同)。

在数据库中有这些表:label (id, name..) id 是主键。release_label(id, release, label) id为主键，label外键。

我尝试过使用自连接，但它不起作用:

SELECT l1.name as label_1 , l2.name as label_2
FROM release_label as r1 INNER JOIN label as l1 ON r1.label=l1.id, label as l2
INNER JOIN (release_label as r2 LEFT JOIN release_label as r3
ON r3.label=r2.label)ON r2.label=l2.id WHERE r1.release != r2.release 
AND r1.label!= r3.label AND r1.release=r3.release
GROUP BY label_1,label_2 ORDER BY label_1,label_2

谢谢你的建议。

Answer 1

此查询获取从未发布过任何共同点的标签对:

select l1.id as id1, l2.id as id2
from label l1 cross join
     label l2 left join
     release_label rl1 
     on l1.id = rl1.label left join
     release_label rl2
     on l2.id = rl2.label and rl2.release = rl1.release
where rl1.label is null and l1.id < l2.id;

现在，您想要第三个标签同时发布了 . . .

select ll.*, rl3_1.label as in_common
from (select l1.id as id1, l2.id as id2
      from label l1 cross join
           label l2 left join
           release_label rl1 
           on l1.id = rl1.label left join
           release_label rl2
           on l2.id = rl2.label and rl2.release = rl1.release
      where rl1.label is null and l1.id < l2.id
     ) ll join
     release_label rl1
     on rl1.label = ll.id1 join
     release_label rl2
     on rl2.label = ll.id2 join
     release_label rl3_1
     on rl3_1.release = rl1.release join 
     release_label rl3_2
     on rl3_2.release = rl2.release and
        rl3_2.label = rl3_1.label;

编辑:

另一种方法可能更简单:

select l1.id, l2.id, l3.id as in_common_id
from label l1 join
     label l2
     on l1.id < l2.id join
     label l3
     on l1.id <> l3.id and l2.id <> l3.id
where -- have no releases in common
      not exists (select 1
                  from release_label rl1 join
                       release_label rl2
                       on rl1.release = rl2.release
                  where rl1.label = l1.id and rl2.label = l2.id
                 ) and
      -- l1 has a release with l3
      exists (select 1
              from release_label rl1 join
                   release_label rl3
                   on rl1.release = rl3.release
                  where rl1.label = l1.id and rl3.label = l3.id
             ) and
      -- l2 has a release with l3
      exists (select 1
              from release_label rl2 join
                   release_label rl3
                   on rl2.release = rl3.release
                  where rl2.label = l2.id and rl3.label = l3.id
             );

from 子句生成标签的所有候选行程。 exists 检查您要检查的三个条件。这是我会使用的版本，因为我认为逻辑更容易理解。

在这些查询中的任何一个中，您(当然)可以在前两个 ID 上使用 select distinct 来获取您要查找的对。