python - 在 testing.postgresql 中，在 Docker 中找不到 initdb 命令

Question

有一个similar thread有同样的问题，但无法为我工作。基本上，我正在尝试使用 testing.postgresql 对 myproject 进行单元测试，并在 docker 容器中运行它。

但是，当我运行我的命令时，我得到一个RuntimeError: command not found: initdb，

docker-compose exec myproject python3 -m unittest

这在 WSL 中有效，但在 docker 中无效。

看起来它无法找到 initdb。它与在 docker-compose.yml 中创建的数据库有冲突问题还是我在 docker 文件中遗漏了一些行？

我从 docs 中概述了我的测试示例:

class TestPostgresqlInteraction(unittest.TestCase):

    Postgresql = testing.postgresql.PostgresqlFactory(cache_initialized_db=True)

    with testing.postgresql.Postgresql() as postgresql:
        engine = create_engine(postgresql.url())
        dbConn = psycopg2.connect(**postgresql.dsn())
        cursor = dbConn.cursor()
        def setUp(self):
            self.postgresql = self.Postgresql()

        def tearDown(self):
            self.postgresql.stop()

        def testMethod(self)
            conn = psycopg2.connect(**self.postgresql.dsn())
            cursor = conn.cursor()
            # execute cursor and do tests... 

        def tearDownModule(self):
            self.Postgresql.clear_cache()

docker-compose.yml

version: "3"
services:
    myproject:
        build:
            context: .
            dockerfile: ./myproject/Dockerfile
        depends_on:
            - database
        volumes:
            - ./myproject:/code
        stdin_open: true
        tty: true
    database:
        build:
            context: .
            dockerfile: ./database/Dockerfile
        environment:
            POSTGRES_USER_FILE: /secrets/dbUser.txt
            POSTGRES_PASSWORD_FILE: /secrets/dbPassword.txt
        ports:
            - "8765:5432"
        volumes:
            - otherdata:/var/lib/postgresql/data

我的项目/Dockerfile

FROM python:3.7.3-stretch

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    poppler-utils

ARG moduleDir=myproject

WORKDIR /code

COPY secrets/ /secrets

# COPY $moduleDir/myproject/ ./

COPY $moduleDir/requirements.txt requirements.txt

RUN pip install -r requirements.txt

数据库/Dockerfile

FROM postgres:11.3

WORKDIR /secrets

COPY secrets/dbUser.txt dbUser.txt
COPY secrets/dbPassword.txt dbPassword.txt

RUN mkdir -p /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

COPY database/schema.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

回溯:

ImportError: Failed to import test module: tests.testMyproject
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/unittest/loader.py", line 436, in _find_test_path
    module = self._get_module_from_name(name)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/unittest/loader.py", line 377, in _get_module_from_name
    __import__(name)
  File "/code/tests/testmyProject.py", line 40, in <module>
    class TestPostgresqlInteraction(unittest.TestCase):
  File "/code/tests/testmyProject.py", line 46, in TestPostgresqlInteraction
    Postgresql = testing.postgresql.PostgresqlFactory(cache_initialized_db=True)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/testing/common/database.py", line 52, in __init__
    self.cache = self.target_class(**settings_noautostart)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/testing/common/database.py", line 92, in __init__
    self.initialize()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/testing/postgresql.py", line 50, in initialize
    self.initdb = find_program('initdb', ['bin'])
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/testing/postgresql.py", line 144, in find_program
    raise RuntimeError("command not found: %s" % name)
RuntimeError: command not found: initdb

Answer 1

您的 Docker 容器可能缺少 which shell 命令。

testing.postgresql 调用 testing.common.database.get_path_of，然后执行 which 命令定位 initdb 程序:

def get_path_of(name):
    if os.name == 'nt':
        which = 'where'
    else:
        which = 'which'
    try:
        path = subprocess.Popen([which, name],
                                stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                                stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0]
        if path:
            return path.rstrip().decode('utf-8')
        else:
            return None
    except Exception:
        return None

如果缺少 which，您可以使用包管理器添加它。这适用于我基于 CentOS 的容器:

yum 安装哪个