postgresql - 错误 : data type inet has no default operator class for access method "gist"

Question

使用 PostgreSQL 版本 9.4.5，我有一个包含 INET 列的表。在该专栏中，我有一个 gist 索引

CREATE TABLE ipv4_prefix (
    id uuid DEFAULT public.uuid_generate_v4() NOT NULL,
    prefix inet NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT ck_ipv4_prefix_valid_ipv4 CHECK ((family(prefix) = 4))
);
ALTER TABLE ONLY ipv4_prefix ADD CONSTRAINT pk_ipv4_prefix PRIMARY KEY (id);
CREATE INDEX ipv4_prefix_gist_index ON ipv4_prefix USING gist (prefix inet_ops);

这一切似乎都有效:

mimir=# \d ipv4_prefix
              Table "ipv4_prefix"
 Column | Type |              Modifiers              
--------+------+-------------------------------------
 id     | uuid | not null default uuid_generate_v4()
 prefix | inet | not null
Indexes:
    "pk_ipv4_prefix" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id)
    "ipv4_prefix_gist_index" gist (prefix inet_ops)
Check constraints:
    "ck_ipv4_prefix_valid_ipv4" CHECK (family(prefix) = 4)

但是，当我尝试添加 EXCLUDE 约束时:

ALTER TABLE ipv6_prefix ADD CONSTRAINT ipv6_prefix_exclude_constraint EXCLUDE USING gist (prefix WITH &&);

我收到以下错误:

ERROR:  data type inet has no default operator class for access method "gist"
HINT:  You must specify an operator class for the index or define a default operator class for the data type.

Answer 1

所以，我仍然没有找到这方面的文档，但通过一些实验弄明白了。

您需要添加 ops class创建约束时在列名之后。

所以 (prefix inet_ops WITH &&) 而不是 (prefix WITH &&)

对于那些使用 SQLAlchemy 的人，您可以通过以下方式偷偷摸摸:

class IPv4PrefixTable(IPPrefixTable):
    __tablename__ = 'ipv4_prefix'
    __table_args__ = (
        Index('ipv4_prefix_gist_index', 'prefix', postgresql_using='gist', postgresql_ops={
            'prefix': 'inet_ops'
        }),
        ExcludeConstraint(('prefix inet_ops', '&&'), using='gist', name='ipv4_prefix_exclude_constraint'),
        {'schema': 'mimir'}
    )

    id = Column(UUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True, server_default=func.uuid_generate_v4())
    prefix = Column(INET, CheckConstraint('family(prefix) = 4', name='valid_ipv4'), unique=False, nullable=False)