java - Estado HTTP 500 - 请求处理失败；嵌套异常是 org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException : could not prepare statement

Question

我将 Spring 与 hibernate、firebird 一起使用，当我作为应用程序运行时，出现此错误。如果我连接到mysql它工作正常。哪里错了？非常感谢。这是一个本地服务器会计软件桌面，我需要这些数据来导出另一种格式(对不起我的英语学习)。

causa raíz 

org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not prepare statement
    org.hibernate.exception.internal.SQLStateConversionDelegate.convert(SQLStateConversionDelegate.java:123)
    org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:49)
    org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:125)
    org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$StatementPreparationTemplate.prepareStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:188)
    org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl.prepareQueryStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:159)
    org.hibernate.loader.Loader.prepareQueryStatement(Loader.java:1858)


    INFO: HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
Hibernate: create table HT_empresas (CLAVE numeric(18,0) not null, hib_sess_id CHAR(36))
oct 23, 2014 2:58:26 PM org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping registerHandlerMethod
Información: Mapped "{[/],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public java.lang.String com.atorresbr.springapp.EmpresasController.list(org.springframework.ui.Model)
oct 23, 2014 2:58:27 PM org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager afterPropertiesSet
Información: Using DataSource [org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource@1e3ff47] of Hibernate SessionFactory for HibernateTransactionManager
oct 23, 2014 2:58:27 PM org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet initServletBean
Información: FrameworkServlet 'apliconta2web': initialization completed in 3840 ms
oct 23, 2014 2:58:27 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
Información: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
oct 23, 2014 2:58:27 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
Información: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
oct 23, 2014 2:58:27 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
Información: Server startup in 7945 ms
Hibernate: select empresas0_.CLAVE as CLAVE1_0_, empresas0_.ACT_CONTRASE as ACT2_0_, empresas0_.ADMON as ADMON3_0_, empresas0_.BALANCE as BALANCE4_0_, empresas0_.BALANCE_UE as BALANCE5_0_, empresas0_.COBROS as COBROS6_0_, empresas0_.CODPAIS as CODPAIS7_0_, empresas0_.CODPOSTAL as CODPOSTA8_0_, empresas0_.CONTACTO as CONTACTO9_0_, empresas0_.CONTRASE as CONTRAS10_0_, empresas0_.COOPERA as COOPERA11_0_, empresas0_.CORREO as CORREO12_0_, empresas0_.CRITERIOCAJA as CRITERI13_0_, empresas0_.DNICIF as DNICIF14_0_, empresas0_.DOC3W_AUTOGESTION as DOC15_0_, empresas0_.DOC3W_REFURL as DOC16_0_, empresas0_.EJERCICIO as EJERCIC17_0_, empresas0_.E_RETEN as E18_0_, empresas0_.FAX as FAX19_0_, empresas0_.FECHAFIN as FECHAFI20_0_, empresas0_.FECHAINI as FECHAIN21_0_, empresas0_.FECHA_BAJA as FECHA22_0_, empresas0_.FOLIO_R as FOLIO23_0_, empresas0_.GES_DOCU as GES24_0_, empresas0_.GES_PROYECTOS as GES25_0_, empresas0_.HOJA_R as HOJA26_0_, empresas0_.IGIC_IVA as IGIC27_0_, empresas0_.ILOGO as ILOGO28_0_, empresas0_.INUMERO as INUMERO29_0_, empresas0_.LIBRO_R as LIBRO30_0_, empresas0_.MOVILCONTACTO as MOVILCO31_0_, empresas0_.MUNICIPIO as MUNICIP32_0_, empresas0_.NIVEL as NIVEL33_0_, empresas0_.NOMBRE as NOMBRE34_0_, empresas0_.NUMERO as NUMERO35_0_, empresas0_.OBSERVACIONES as OBSERVA36_0_, empresas0_.OCUPADO as OCUPADO37_0_, empresas0_.OTROS_R as OTROS38_0_, empresas0_.PAG_ASIEN as PAG39_0_, empresas0_.PISO as PISO40_0_, empresas0_.PROVINCIA as PROVINC41_0_, empresas0_.PUERTA as PUERTA42_0_, empresas0_.REGCOMPRAS as REGCOMP43_0_, empresas0_.REGMER as REGMER44_0_, empresas0_.REGVENTAS as REGVENT45_0_, empresas0_.SECCION_R as SECCION46_0_, empresas0_.SIGLA as SIGLA47_0_, empresas0_.SUBC_DESP1 as SUBC48_0_, empresas0_.SUBC_DESP2 as SUBC49_0_, empresas0_.SUBC_DESP3 as SUBC50_0_, empresas0_.SUBC_DESP4 as SUBC51_0_, empresas0_.SUBC_DESP7 as SUBC52_0_, empresas0_.SUBC_DESPC1 as SUBC53_0_, empresas0_.SUBC_DESPI1 as SUBC54_0_, empresas0_.SUBC_DESPI2 as SUBC55_0_, empresas0_.SUBC_DESPI3 as SUBC56_0_, empresas0_.SUBC_DESPI4 as SUBC57_0_, empresas0_.SUBC_DESPI5 as SUBC58_0_, empresas0_.SUBC_DESPI6 as SUBC59_0_, empresas0_.SUB_TYPE as SUB60_0_, empresas0_.TELEFONO as TELEFON61_0_, empresas0_.TELEFONO_CONT as TELEFON62_0_, empresas0_.TIPO_EMP as TIPO63_0_, empresas0_.TIPO_R as TIPO64_0_, empresas0_.TOMO_R as TOMO65_0_, empresas0_.VIAPUBLICA as VIAPUBL66_0_, empresas0_.WEB as WEB67_0_, empresas0_.WEBCONTACTO as WEBCONT68_0_ from empresas empresas0_
oct 23, 2014 2:58:29 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper logExceptions
WARN: SQL Error: 335544569, SQLState: 42000
oct 23, 2014 2:58:29 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper logExceptions
ERROR: GDS Exception. 335544569. Dynamic SQL Error
SQL error code = -104
Token unknown - line 1, column 2122
SUB_TYPE
oct 23, 2014 2:58:29 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
Grave: El Servlet.service() para el servlet [apliconta2web] en el contexto con ruta [/Apliconta2Web] lanzó la excepción [Request processing failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not prepare statement] con causa raíz
org.firebirdsql.gds.GDSException: Dynamic SQL Error
SQL error code = -104
Token unknown - line 1, column 2122
SUB_TYPE
    at org.firebirdsql.gds.impl.wire.AbstractJavaGDSImpl.readStatusVector(AbstractJavaGDSImpl.java:2092)
    at org.firebirdsql.gds.impl.wire.AbstractJavaGDSImpl.receiveResponse(AbstractJavaGDSImpl.java:2042)
    at org.firebirdsql.gds.impl.wire.AbstractJavaGDSImpl.iscDsqlPrepare(AbstractJavaGDSImpl.java:1465)
    at org.firebirdsql.gds.impl.GDSHelper.prepareStatement(GDSHelper.java:190)
    at org.firebirdsql.jdbc.AbstractStatement.prepareFixedStatement(AbstractStatement.java:1441)
    at org.firebirdsql.jdbc.AbstractPreparedStatement.prepareFixedStatement(AbstractPreparedStatement.java:1285)
    at org.firebirdsql.jdbc.AbstractPreparedStatement.<init>(AbstractPreparedStatement.java:135)
    at org.firebirdsql.jdbc.FBPreparedStatement.<init>(FBPreparedStatement.java:40)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
    at org.firebirdsql.jdbc.FBStatementFactory.createPreparedStatement(FBStatementFactory.java:89)
    at org.firebirdsql.jdbc.AbstractConnection.prepareStatement(AbstractConnection.java:1187)
    at org.firebirdsql.jdbc.AbstractConnection.prepareStatement(AbstractConnection.java:942)
    at org.firebirdsql.jdbc.AbstractConnection.prepareStatement(AbstractConnection.java:896)
    at org.firebirdsql.jdbc.AbstractConnection.prepareStatement(AbstractConnection.java:324)
    at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DelegatingConnection.prepareStatement(DelegatingConnection.java:281)
    at org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolingDataSource$PoolGuardConnectionWrapper.prepareStatement(PoolingDataSource.java:313)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$5.doPrepare(StatementPreparerImpl.java:161)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$StatementPreparationTemplate.prepareStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:182)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl.prepareQueryStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:159)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.prepareQueryStatement(Loader.java:1858)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.executeQueryStatement(Loader.java:1835)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.executeQueryStatement(Loader.java:1815)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQuery(Loader.java:899)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQueryAndInitializeNonLazyCollections(Loader.java:341)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2522)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2508)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.listIgnoreQueryCache(Loader.java:2338)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.list(Loader.java:2333)
    at org.hibernate.loader.hql.QueryLoader.list(QueryLoader.java:490)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.list(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:355)
    at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.HQLQueryPlan.performList(HQLQueryPlan.java:195)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.list(SessionImpl.java:1269)
    at org.hibernate.internal.QueryImpl.list(QueryImpl.java:101)
    at com.atorresbr.springapp.EmpresasDAOImpl.findAll(EmpresasDAOImpl.java:26)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.Nativ

app-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
  xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
  xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
  xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">

    <!-- Scans the classpath of this application for @Components @Service @Repository to deploy as 
        beans -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.atorresbr.springapp" />

    <!-- Configures the @Controller programming model -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

      <!-- Map simple view name such as "test" into /WEB-INF/test.jsp -->
  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/" />
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="propertyConfigurer"
        class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"
        p:location="/WEB-INF/jdbc.properties" />

  <!-- JDBC Data Source. It is assumed you have MySQL running on localhost port 3306 with
       username root and blank password. Change below if it's not the case -->

       <bean id="myDataSource"
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"
        p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}"
        p:url="${jdbc.databaseurl}" 
        p:username="${jdbc.username}"
        p:password="${jdbc.password}" 
        p:validationQuery="${jdbc.validationQuery}" />
 <!--       
  <bean id="myDataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/pizzashop"/>
    <property name="username" value="root"/>
    <property name="password" value=""/>
    <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 1"/>
  </bean>   -->

  <!-- Hibernate Session Factory -->
  <bean id="mySessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="myDataSource"/>
    <property name="packagesToScan">
      <array>
        <value>com.atorresbr.springapp</value>
      </array>
    </property>
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
    <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${jdbc.dialect}</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> 
            </props>

    </property>
  </bean>

  <!-- Hibernate Transaction Manager -->
  <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="mySessionFactory"/>
  </bean>

  <!-- Activates annotation based transaction management -->
  <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

jdbc.properties

jdbc.driverClassName= org.firebirdsql.jdbc.FBDriver
jdbc.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.FirebirdDialect
jdbc.databaseurl=jdbc:firebirdsql:PROSYTH-PC/3050:C:/aplifisa/contcs/CONTBD
jdbc.username=SYSDBA
jdbc.password=masterkey
jdbc.validationQuery=Select 1 from rdb$database

EmpresasController.java

package com.atorresbr.springapp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.atorresbr.springapp.EmpresasService;
import com.atorresbr.springapp.Empresas;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/")
public class EmpresasController {
     // @Autowired private EmpresasDAO empresasDAO;
      @Autowired private EmpresasService empresasService;

    protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());


    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String list(Model model) {
      List<Empresas> empresas = empresasService.findAll();
      model.addAttribute("empresas", empresas);
      return "views/index";}

EmpresasServiceIMPL

package com.atorresbr.springapp;
//imports..
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import com.atorresbr.springapp.Empresas; 

@Service

public class EmpresasServiceImpl implements EmpresasService {

    @Autowired
    private EmpresasDAO empresasDAO;

/**
* @Transactional annotation below will trigger Spring Hibernate transaction manager to automatically create
* a hibernate session. See src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/servlet-context.xml
*/
@Transactional
public List<Empresas> findAll() {
    return empresasDAO.findAll();

        }
}

EmpresasDAOIMPL

package com.atorresbr.springapp;

//imports..
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;


@Repository
@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})


public class EmpresasDAOImpl implements EmpresasDAO {
@Autowired private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

/**
* @Transactional annotation below will trigger Spring Hibernate transaction manager to automatically create
* a hibernate session. See src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/servlet-context.xml
*/
@Transactional
public List<Empresas> findAll() {
 Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
 List empresas = session.createQuery("from Empresas").list();
 return empresas;
}
}

Empresas.java

    package com.atorresbr.springapp;
    // imports ..
    import javax.persistence.Entity;
    import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
    import javax.persistence.Id;
    import javax.persistence.Table;

    import java.sql.Blob;
    import java.util.Date;


@Entity
@Table(name = "empresas")
public class Empresas {

@Id 
@Column(name = "CLAVE")
@GeneratedValue private long CLAVE;

@Column(name = "NOMBRE")
private String NOMBRE;

@Column(name = "DNICIF")
private String  DNICIF;

@Column(name = "SIGLA")
private String SIGLA;

@Column(name = "VIAPUBLICA")
private String VIAPUBLICA;

@Column(name = "NUMERO")
private String NUMERO;

@Column(name = "PISO")
private String PISO;

@Column(name = "PUERTA")
private String PUERTA;

@Column(name = "MUNICIPIO")
private String MUNICIPIO;

@Column(name = "CODPOSTAL")
private String CODPOSTAL;

@Column(name = "PROVINCIA")
private String PROVINCIA;

@Column(name = "TELEFONO")
private String TELEFONO;

@Column(name = "FAX")
private String FAX;

@Column(name = "ADMON")
private String ADMON;

@Column(name = "NIVEL")
private long NIVEL;

@Column(name = "EJERCICIO")
private String EJERCICIO;

@Column(name = "FECHAINI")
private Date FECHAINI;

@Column(name = "FECHAFIN")
private Date FECHAFIN;

@Column(name = "PAG_ASIEN")
private String PAG_ASIEN;
private String COBROS;

@Column(name = "OCUPADO")
private String OCUPADO;

@Column(name = "CONTRASE")
private String CONTRASE;

@Column(name = "ACT_CONTRASE")
private String ACT_CONTRASE;

@Column(name = "BALANCE")
private String BALANCE;

@Column(name = "COOPERA")
private String COOPERA;

@Column(name = "WEB")
private String WEB;

@Column(name = "CORREO")
private String CORREO;

@Column(name = "IGIC_IVA")
private String IGIC_IVA;

@Column(name = "OBSERVACIONES")
private String OBSERVACIONES;

@Column(name = "CONTACTO")
private String CONTACTO;

@Column(name = "TELEFONO_CONT")
private String TELEFONO_CONT;

@Column(name = "CODPAIS")
private String CODPAIS;

@Column(name = "TIPO_EMP")
private String TIPO_EMP;

@Column(name = "BALANCE_UE")
private String BALANCE_UE;

@Column(name = "E_RETEN")
private String E_RETEN;

@Column(name = "FECHA_BAJA")
private Date FECHA_BAJA;

@Column(name = "GES_PROYECTOS")
private String GES_PROYECTOS;

@Column(name = "TOMO_R")
private String TOMO_R;

@Column(name = "LIBRO_R")
private String LIBRO_R;

@Column(name = "SECCION_R")
private String SECCION_R;

@Column(name = "FOLIO_R")
private String FOLIO_R;

@Column(name = "TIPO_R")
private String TIPO_R;

@Column(name = "HOJA_R")
private String HOJA_R;

@Column(name = "OTROS_R")
private String OTROS_R;

@Column(name = "REGMER")
private String REGMER;

@Column(name = "SUB_TYPE")
private Blob SUB_TYPE;

@Column(name = "ILOGO")
private String ILOGO;

@Column(name = "INUMERO")
private String INUMERO;

@Column(name = "WEBCONTACTO")
private String WEBCONTACTO;

@Column(name = "MOVILCONTACTO")
private String MOVILCONTACTO;

@Column(name = "REGVENTAS")
private String REGVENTAS;

@Column(name = "REGCOMPRAS")
private String REGCOMPRAS;

@Column(name = "SUBC_DESP1")
private String SUBC_DESP1;

@Column(name = "SUBC_DESP2")
private String SUBC_DESP2;

@Column(name = "SUBC_DESP3")
private String SUBC_DESP3;

@Column(name = "SUBC_DESP4")
private String SUBC_DESP4;

@Column(name = "SUBC_DESPI1")
private String SUBC_DESPI1;

@Column(name = "SUBC_DESPI2")
private String SUBC_DESPI2;

@Column(name = "SUBC_DESPI3")
private String SUBC_DESPI3;

@Column(name = "SUBC_DESPI4")
private String SUBC_DESPI4;

@Column(name = "SUBC_DESPI5")
private String SUBC_DESPI5;

@Column(name = "SUBC_DESPI6")
private String SUBC_DESPI6;

@Column(name = "SUBC_DESPC1")
private String SUBC_DESPC1;

@Column(name = "SUBC_DESP7")
private String SUBC_DESP7;

@Column(name = "GES_DOCU")
private String GES_DOCU;

@Column(name = "CRITERIOCAJA")
private String CRITERIOCAJA;

@Column(name = "DOC3W_REFURL")
private String DOC3W_REFURL;

@Column(name = "DOC3W_AUTOGESTION")
private String DOC3W_AUTOGESTION;

         /* getters & setters */

      public long getCLAVE() {
        return CLAVE;
    }
    public void setCLAVE(long CLAVE) {
        this.CLAVE = CLAVE;
    }
     public String getNOMBRE() {
        return NOMBRE;
    }
    public void setNOMBRE(String NOMBRE) {
        this.NOMBRE = NOMBRE;
    }
    .
    .
    .
Etc etc //setters.

Answer 1

鉴于错误:

Dynamic SQL Error
SQL error code = -104
Token unknown - line 1, column 2122
SUB_TYPE

生成的查询中的字符 2122 位于生成的查询中的 SUB_TYPE 处(..., empresas0_.SUB_TYPE as SUB60_0_, ... 附近)；考虑到 SUB_TYPE 是一个关键字(但不是保留字)，用于指示 blob 的类型(例如在创建表或转换中)，我最初的猜测是:

@Column(name = "SUB_TYPE")
private Blob SUB_TYPE;

然而，针对 Firebird 3 快照的快速测试表明这是一个有效的列名称。我目前无法访问已发布的 Firebird 版本(例如 Firebird 2.5.3)，因此 Firebird 2.5(或您正在使用的版本)和 Firebird 3 之间的某些解析器规则可能已放宽。如果是这种情况，那么强制 Hibernate 引用对象名称可能会有所帮助(注意额外的引号):

@Column(name = "`SUB_TYPE`")
private Blob SUB_TYPE;