PostgreSQL 字段中的 Django ProgrammingError

Question

模型.py

class Stop(models.Model):
    idn = models.PositiveIntegerField(primary_key=True, unique=True)
    label = models.CharField(null=False, blank=False, max_length=512)
    coor_x = models.FloatField()
    coor_y = models.FloatField()
    buses = models.ManyToManyField(Bus)
    latest_query_datetime = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0))
    latest_query_data = JSONField(default={})

    class Meta:
    ordering = ["label"]

    def __str__(self):
    return self.label

当我运行时:

python3 manage.py makemigrations && python3 manage.py migrate

它引发了一个 ProgrammingError 说 jsonb 数据类型不存在:

Migrations for 'rest':
  0007_auto_20160612_1301.py:
    - Alter field latest_query_data on stop
Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: contenttypes, rest, auth, sessions, admin
Running migrations:
  Rendering model states... DONE
  Applying rest.0005_auto_20160612_1237...Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
psycopg2.ProgrammingError: type "jsonb" does not exist
LINE 1: ... TABLE "rest_stop" ADD COLUMN "latest_query_data" jsonb DEFA...
                                                         ^


The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 353, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 345, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 348, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 399, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 200, in handle
    executor.migrate(targets, plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 92, in migrate
    self._migrate_all_forwards(plan, full_plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 121, in _migrate_all_forwards
    state = self.apply_migration(state, migration, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 198, in apply_migration
    state = migration.apply(state, schema_editor)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/migrations/migration.py", line 123, in apply
    operation.database_forwards(self.app_label, schema_editor, old_state, project_state)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/migrations/operations/fields.py", line 62, in database_forwards
    field,
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 396, in add_field
    self.execute(sql, params)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 110, in execute
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 79, in execute
    return super(CursorDebugWrapper, self).execute(sql, params)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 95, in __exit__
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)
  File "/home/erayerdin/.venv/eshot-api/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: type "jsonb" does not exist
LINE 1: ... TABLE "rest_stop" ADD COLUMN "latest_query_data" jsonb DEFA...

我使用 PostgreSQL 来使用 JSONField 并在用户请求 View 时更新它。如果我不使用 default={}，它会告诉我做一个。

进一步分析

我将 latest_query_data 字段更改为 TextField 以便我可以存储为字符串并在需要时转换为 dict。但是，这也引发了同样的错误。

---

环境

• django 1.9.6
• 心理战2.6.1

Answer 1

根据 Django 文档，JSONField 需要 PostgreSQL ≥ 9.4 和 Psycopg2 ≥ 2.5.4

您使用的是什么 PostgreSQL 版本？

参见 https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/contrib/postgres/fields/#django.contrib.postgres.fields.JSONField

Ubuntu 14.04 存储库仅包含 9.3 版本。您可以查看this升级您的版本。