java - 我如何在这些 GUI 框架之间转换？

Question

所以，我这里有一个 Java 程序，它本质上是一个选择你自己的冒险游戏。在游戏的每一步，用户都可以在“一个”或“两个”两个选项之间进行选择，这些选项会分支到故事的不同部分。

例如:你是一位名叫安吉丽娜 jackson 的女大学生目前正在休学的人。有一天你只是在你最喜欢的社区咖啡馆，当你撞到一个陌生人并把你的咖啡洒在你们俩身上时!你做什么工作？选项一:立即为自己的笨拙道歉。选项二:你很生气，因为你的鞋子是全新的。你转身就准备给他骂一辈子!

目前，该程序在 Eclipse 中以文本形式运行。我试图让整个游戏出现在 GUI 上，如下图所示。问题是我无法在项目的不同帧之间转换，因为有多个帧，如下图所示。

如何将这些框架与“一个”和“两个”按钮连接起来？当按下一个按钮时，过渡到下一帧。我不确定该怎么做。

这是我们游戏第一个实例的代码(如图所示):

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.GridLayout;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JDialog;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;


public class SampleWindow extends JFrame{
private JTextArea text;
private JButton one, two;

public SampleWindow(){
    super("0");

    Font myFont = new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, 18);

    JPanel panel = new JPanel();
    panel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
    JPanel panel2 = new JPanel();
    panel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());

    JTextArea text = new JTextArea();
    text =  new JTextArea("You are a female college student named Angelina Jackson \n"
            + "who is currently on a break from studying. \n"
            + "You are just at your favorite neighborhood cafe one day, \n" 
            + "when you bump into a stranger and spill your coffee all over both of you! \n" 
            + "What do you do?\n"
            + "Option one: Immediately apologize for being so clumsy. \n"
            + "Option two: You're furious because your shoes were brand new. \n"
            + "You turn around and prepare to give him the scolding of his life! \n");
    text.setFont(myFont);
    text.setEditable(false);

    one = new JButton("Option one: ");
    two = new JButton("Option two: ");

    panel.add(text);
    panel2.add(one);
    panel2.add(two);

    add(panel, BorderLayout.NORTH); 
    add(panel2, BorderLayout.CENTER); 


}

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SampleWindow sample = new SampleWindow();
    sample.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    sample.setSize(600, 350); //top by side
    sample.setVisible(true);
    }

}

这是第二个实例的代码:

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.GridLayout;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JDialog;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;


public class SampleWindow extends JFrame{
private JTextArea text;
private JButton one, two;

public SampleWindow(){
    super("0");

    Font myFont = new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, 18);

    JPanel panel = new JPanel();
    panel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
    JPanel panel2 = new JPanel();
    panel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());

    JTextArea text = new JTextArea();
    text =  new JTextArea("The guy is so angry, it's starting to be a little scary.\n"
            + "You decide that you'd better just get out of there quickly before someone gets hurt.\n"
            + "Where do you go next?\n"
            + "Option one: Go home and finish your math homework.\n"
            + "Option two: Go to the bank and get cash so that you can go shopping.\n"
            + "Please enter \"one\" for the first option, and \"two\" for the second option.");
    text.setFont(myFont);
    text.setFont(myFont);
    text.setEditable(false);

    one = new JButton("Option one: ");
    two = new JButton("Option two: ");

    panel.add(text);
    panel2.add(one);
    panel2.add(two);

    add(panel, BorderLayout.NORTH); 
    add(panel2, BorderLayout.CENTER); 


}

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SampleWindow sample = new SampleWindow();
    sample.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    sample.setSize(600, 350); //top by side
    sample.setVisible(true);
    }

}

如何通过使用 JButton 将框架链接在一起？谢谢!

Answer 1

How would I link the frames together through the use of JButton?

不要交换 JFrame，因为它们不需要，而且通过简化用户界面会更好。相反，最好的解决方案是创建一个 JFrame 来显示您的 JTextArea 并简单地更改它所包含的 JTextArea 中显示的文本。

这将使您的代码更简单、更短，并使用户免于看到交换窗口的疲劳，这种情况在专业应用程序中很少见，因为它会让用户感到厌烦。

我自己，我会将文本放在文本文件中而不是程序中，单独显示的字符串可能由两个空行分隔，我会让我的程序将这些行读入两个(或更多)字符串，然后按下按钮，通过调用 setText(...) 交换 JTextArea 中的文本在上面，传入新的字符串。

例如使用 HashMap<String, String>帮助交换文本(但这当然不是必需的)。

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.swing.*;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class SwapText extends JPanel {
   private static final int ROWS = 25;
   private static final int COLS = 40;
   private static final String ABE_LINCOLN = "Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address";
   private static final String CHIEF_JOSEPH = "Chief Joseph's Surrender Speech";
   private static final Font TXT_AREA_FONT = new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, 18);
   private JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(ROWS, COLS);
   private Map<String, String> optionTextMap = new HashMap<>();

   public SwapText() {
      // add text to Map
      optionTextMap.put(ABE_LINCOLN,
                  "Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, "
                        + "upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and "
                        + "dedicated to the proposition that all men are created"
                        + " equal.\n\n"
                        +

                        "Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether "
                        + "that nation, or any nation so conceived, and so dedicated, "
                        + "can long endure. "
                        + "We are met here on a great battlefield of that war. "
                        + "We have come to dedicate a portion of it, as a final resting place for those who "
                        + "here gave their lives that that nation might live. "
                        + "It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.\n\n"
                        +

                        "But in a larger sense, we can not dedicate — we can not "
                        + "consecrate — we can not hallow — this ground. The brave men, living and dead, "
                        + "who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our "
                        + "poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember, "
                        + "what we say here, but can never forget what they did here.\n\n"
                        +

                        "It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated here "
                        + "to the unfinished work which they have, thus far, so nobly carried on. It is "
                        + "rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task "
                        + "remaining before us — that from these honored dead we take increased devotion "
                        + "to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of "
                        + "devotion – that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in "
                        + "vain; that this nation shall have a new birth of freedom; "
                        + "and that this government of the people, by the people, for the people, "
                        + "shall not perish from the earth.");
      optionTextMap.put(CHIEF_JOSEPH,
                  "I am tired of fighting.  Our chiefs are killed.  Looking Glass is dead.  Toohulhulsote is dead.  "
                        + "The old men are all dead.  It is the young men who say yes or no. He who led the young men is dead.\n\n"
                        + "It is cold and we have no blankets.  The little children are freezing to death.  "
                        + "My people, some of them, have run away to the hills and have no blankets, "
                        + "no food.  No one knows where they are--perhaps freezing to death.  "
                        + "I want to have time to look for my children and see how many I can find.  "
                        + "Maybe I shall find them among the dead. \n\n"
                        + "Hear me, my chiefs.  I am tired.  My heart is sick and sad.  "
                        + "From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever.");

      // allow text area to wrap lines automatically
      textArea.setLineWrap(true);
      textArea.setWrapStyleWord(true);
      textArea.setFocusable(false); // so folks can't edit text
      textArea.setFont(TXT_AREA_FONT);

      // place text area in a JScrollPane
      JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
      scrollPane
            .setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);

      JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 0, 5, 0));
      buttonPanel.add(new JButton(new OptionAction(ABE_LINCOLN)));
      buttonPanel.add(new JButton(new OptionAction(CHIEF_JOSEPH)));

      // use a BorderLayout for the main JPanel and add components
      setLayout(new BorderLayout());
      add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
      add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);
   }

   private class OptionAction extends AbstractAction {
      public OptionAction(String name) {
         super(name);
      }

      @Override
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
         textArea.setText(optionTextMap.get(getValue(NAME)));
      }
   }

   private static void createAndShowGui() {
      SwapText mainPanel = new SwapText();

      JFrame frame = new JFrame("Swap Text");
      frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
      frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
      frame.pack();
      frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
      frame.setVisible(true);
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
         public void run() {
            createAndShowGui();
         }
      });
   }
}