regex - 在特定字符串之间替换文本

Question

我正在尝试编写一个脚本来帮助我进行语言学实验。该实验向受试者展示文本短语，他们需要逐字阅读这些短语。例如，假设我有以下短语:

The girl was upset with her boyfriend.

我需要将这个短语分成小部分，以便只向将要参加实验的受试者展示这些小部分。向受试者显示短语的软件采用以下输入:

The ---- --- ----- ---- --- ----------
--- girl --- ----- ---- --- ----------
--- ---- was ----- ---- --- ----------
--- ---- --- upset ---- --- ----------
--- ---- --- ----- with --- ----------
--- ---- --- ----- ---- her ----------
--- ---- --- ----- ---- --- boyfriend.

请注意，完整的短语绝不是输入。我需要将小部分提供给软件，以便它在计算机屏幕上显示短语。此外，屏幕上没有出现的单词必须改为破折号，长度与原始单词相同。

我正在考虑使用其中一种 bash 工具(如 sed、grep、awk 等)来解决我的问题。例如，我可以将原始短语写成

The | girl | was | upset | with | her | boyfriend.

复制七次，每次复制，我不需要的词都用破折号表示。请注意，单词始终位于两个“|”之间，以便于识别它们。

(事实上，有时我需要替换的不仅仅是单词。例如，我可能不得不一次替换“The girl”)

关于如何实现这个的任何想法？

Answer 1

看看这个 awk 单行代码，如果有帮助的话:

awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){t=$0;w=$i;gsub(/\S/,"-");$i=w;print;$0=t}}' file

用你的例子测试:

kent$  cat f
The girl was upset with her boyfriend.
Yes @Kent, you are right. – grandeabobora 6 mins ago

kent$  awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){t=$0;w=$i;gsub(/\S/,"-");$i=w;print;$0=t}}' f
The ---- --- ----- ---- --- ----------
--- girl --- ----- ---- --- ----------
--- ---- was ----- ---- --- ----------
--- ---- --- upset ---- --- ----------
--- ---- --- ----- with --- ----------
--- ---- --- ----- ---- her ----------
--- ---- --- ----- ---- --- boyfriend.
Yes ------ --- --- ------ - ------------- - ---- ---
--- @Kent, --- --- ------ - ------------- - ---- ---
--- ------ you --- ------ - ------------- - ---- ---
--- ------ --- are ------ - ------------- - ---- ---
--- ------ --- --- right. - ------------- - ---- ---
--- ------ --- --- ------ – ------------- - ---- ---
--- ------ --- --- ------ - grandeabobora - ---- ---
--- ------ --- --- ------ - ------------- 6 ---- ---
--- ------ --- --- ------ - ------------- - mins ---
--- ------ --- --- ------ - ------------- - ---- ago