Java SSL 握手失败 - 没有客户端证书

Question

我正在使用带有内置 ssl 客户端的第三方库对 PKCS#7 签名执行 CRL 检查。

我已经创建了一个 keystore 和一个信任库，并将服务器的 CA 放在我的信任库中。

查看下面的调试，证书颁发机构和证书链是空的。我的客户没有发回他的证书。

你能解释一下这是怎么回事吗？

编辑

感谢下面的评论，我了解到客户的“空 CA”不是问题。

问题是服务器要求客户端证书，但我的客户端没有将它发送到服务器。

为什么客户不发送他的证书？

keyStore is : [...]
keyStore type is : jks
keyStore provider is : 
init keystore
init keymanager of type SunX509
***
found key for : [...]
chain [0] = [
...
]
***
trustStore is: [...]
trustStore type is : jks
trustStore provider is : 
init truststore
adding as trusted cert:
[...]

trigger seeding of SecureRandom
done seeding SecureRandom
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
[...]
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
Allow unsafe renegotiation: false
Allow legacy hello messages: true
Is initial handshake: true
Is secure renegotiation: false
main, setSoTimeout(10000) called
%% No cached client session
*** ClientHello, TLSv1
RandomCookie:  GMT: 1445266954 bytes = { 44, 84, 229, 125, 84, 33, 145, 120, 170, 228, 77, 65, 146, 200, 227, 227, 48, 200, 116, 240, 140, 55, 227, 162, 119, 75, 116, 47 }
Session ID:  {}
Cipher Suites: [TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5, TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV]
Compression Methods:  { 0 }
Extension elliptic_curves, curve names: {secp256r1, sect163k1, sect163r2, secp192r1, secp224r1, sect233k1, sect233r1, sect283k1, sect283r1, secp384r1, sect409k1, sect409r1, secp521r1, sect571k1, sect571r1, secp160k1, secp160r1, secp160r2, sect163r1, secp192k1, sect193r1, sect193r2, secp224k1, sect239k1, secp256k1}
Extension ec_point_formats, formats: [uncompressed]
Extension server_name, server_name: [host_name: ...]
***
[write] MD5 and SHA1 hashes:  len = 176
[...]
main, WRITE: TLSv1 Handshake, length = 176
[Raw write]: length = 181
[...]
[Raw read]: length = 5
[...]
[Raw read]: length = 85
[...]
main, READ: TLSv1 Handshake, length = 85
*** ServerHello, TLSv1
RandomCookie:  GMT: 1929314415 bytes = { 133, 174, 213, 209, 239, 104, 185, 151, 182, 150, 87, 234, 171, 201, 244, 45, 171, 118, 159, 20, 148, 138, 19, 5, 1, 44, 188, 76 }
Session ID:  {144, 227, 198, 123, 46, 241, 49, 85, 156, 181, 102, 130, 42, 23, 39, 17, 11, 64, 23, 39, 166, 11, 119, 139, 12, 51, 60, 252, 170, 105, 23, 161}
Cipher Suite: SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
Compression Method: 0
Extension renegotiation_info, renegotiated_connection: <empty>
Extension server_name, server_name: 
***
%% Initialized:  [Session-1, SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA]
** SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
[read] MD5 and SHA1 hashes:  len = 85
[...]
[Raw read]: length = 5
[...]
[Raw read]: length = 1024
[...]
main, READ: TLSv1 Handshake, length = 1024
*** Certificate chain
chain [0] = [
[
 [...]
]
  Algorithm: [SHA1withRSA]
  Signature:
[...]

]
***
Found trusted certificate:
[
[...]
]
[read] MD5 and SHA1 hashes:  len = 1024
[...]
[Raw read]: length = 5
[...]
[Raw read]: length = 8
[...]
main, READ: TLSv1 Handshake, length = 8
*** CertificateRequest
Cert Types: RSA
Cert Authorities:
<Empty>
[read] MD5 and SHA1 hashes:  len = 8
[...]
[Raw read]: length = 5
[...]
[Raw read]: length = 4
[...]
main, READ: TLSv1 Handshake, length = 4
*** ServerHelloDone
[read] MD5 and SHA1 hashes:  len = 4
[...]
*** Certificate chain
***
*** ClientKeyExchange, RSA PreMasterSecret, TLSv1
[write] MD5 and SHA1 hashes:  len = 269
[...]
main, WRITE: TLSv1 Handshake, length = 269
[Raw write]: length = 274
[...]
SESSION KEYGEN:
PreMaster Secret:
[...]
CONNECTION KEYGEN:
Client Nonce:
[...]
Server Nonce:
[...]
Master Secret:
[...]
Client MAC write Secret:
[...]
Server MAC write Secret:
[...]
Client write key:
[...]
Server write key:
[...]
Client write IV:
[...]
Server write IV:
[...]
main, WRITE: TLSv1 Change Cipher Spec, length = 1
[Raw write]: length = 6
[...]
*** Finished
verify_data:  { 212, 27, 4, 13, 87, 128, 70, 120, 43, 97, 111, 135 }
***
[write] MD5 and SHA1 hashes:  len = 16
[...]
Padded plaintext before ENCRYPTION:  len = 40
[...]
main, WRITE: TLSv1 Handshake, length = 40
[Raw write]: length = 45
[...]
[Raw read]: length = 5
[...]
[Raw read]: length = 2
[...]
main, READ: TLSv1 Alert, length = 2
main, RECV TLSv1 ALERT:  fatal, handshake_failure
%% Invalidated:  [Session-1, SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA]
main, called closeSocket()
main, handling exception: javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: Received fatal alert: handshake_failure

Answer 1

我忽略了客户端证书必须由服务器通过证书签名请求 (CSR) 生成的事实。

过程是:

1. 生成 key 对(通过 keytool -genkey)
2. 生成 PKCS#10 CSR(通过 keytool -certreq)
3. 将 CSR 发送给相关机构
4. 取回 SSL 证书

感谢帮助我提高 ssl 理解的评论。