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bash - curl : send html email with embedded image and attachment

转载 作者：行者123 更新时间：2023-11-29 08:59:48 26 4
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我的目标是使用带有嵌入图像的 html 正文的 curl 发送电子邮件，例如:

email template image

我发送的邮件是这样的:

curl "smtp://smtp.gmail.com:587" -v \
     --mail-from "sender@gmail.com" \
     --mail-rcpt "receiver@gmail.com" \
     --ssl -u sender@gmail.com:secretpassword \
     -T "message.txt" -k --anyauth

我的 message.txt 看起来像:

From: Some Name <sender@gmail.com>
To: Some Name <receiver@gmail.com>
Subject: example of mail
Reply-To: Some Name <sender@gmail.com>
Cc: 
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY"

--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="MULTIPART-ALTERNATIVE-BOUNDARY"

--MULTIPART-ALTERNATIVE-BOUNDARY
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: inline

PGh0bWw+Cjxib2R5PgogICAgPGRpdj4KICAgICAgICA8cD5IZWxsbywgPC9wPgogICAgICAgIDxw
PlBsZWFzZSBzZWUgdGhlIGxvZyBmaWxlIGF0dGFjaGVkPC9wPgogICAgICAgIDxwPkFkbWluIFRl
YW08L3A+CiAgICAgICAgPGltZyBzcmM9ImFkbWluLnBuZyIgd2lkdGg9IjE1MCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1
MCI+CiAgICA8L2Rpdj4KPC9ib2R5Pgo8L2h0bWw+Cg==
--MULTIPART-ALTERNATIVE-BOUNDARY--
--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY

解码后的html是:

<html>
<body>
    <div>
        <p>Hello, </p>
        <p>Please see the log file attached</p>
        <p>Admin Team</p>
        <img src="admin.png" width="150" height="50">
    </div>
</body>
</html>

如何在这个 html 中嵌入 admin.png 并附加另一个文件 log.txt 使用 curl 和 bash 发送到此电子邮件？

最佳答案

我想到的解决方案是对所有附件(图像和文本文件)进行 base64 编码，并将它们直接包含到上传的文件中的 multipart/mixed 正文中，例如:

--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY
Content-Type: image/png
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Id: <admin.png>
iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAIAAAACgCAIAAABL8POqAAAACXBIWXMAAAsTAAALEwEAmpwYAAAA
B3RJTUUH4AQNDwEVouBdqAAAG2xJREFUeNrtfX9oHFe25jdDBU5BG25BG7pABhXEkDJjSIsYIs1m
WbfJA8ubhcjjgdiTQNJOYCInj0RKYGIl8CbyPF4iZSCxEkgsB5LIgWQlL2Pcfow3bdgw0mMzox6e
....


--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: inline; filename=log.txt
c29tZSBsb2cgaW4gYSB0eHQgZmlsZSB0byBhdHRhY2ggdG8gdGhlIG1haWwK


--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY--

Content-Id header 用于标识可以在 html 中引用的资源:cid: like :

<img src="cid:admin.png" width="150" height="50">

这是一个完整的 bash 示例，用于发送带有 admin.png 嵌入图像和附加到它的 log.txt 的 html 电子邮件:

#!/bin/bash

rtmp_url="smtp://smtp.gmail.com:587"
rtmp_from="sender@gmail.com"
rtmp_to="receiver@gmail.com"
rtmp_credentials="sender@gmail.com:secretpassword"

file_upload="data.txt"

# html message to send
echo "<html>
<body>
    <div>
        <p>Hello, </p>
        <p>Please see the log file attached</p>
        <p>Admin Team</p>
        <img src=\"cid:admin.png\" width=\"150\" height=\"50\">
    </div>
</body>
</html>" > message.html

# log.txt file to attached to the mail
echo "some log in a txt file to attach to the mail" > log.txt

mail_from="Some Name <$rtmp_from>"
mail_to="Some Name <$rtmp_to>"
mail_subject="example of mail"
mail_reply_to="Some Name <$rtmp_from>"
mail_cc=""

# add an image to data.txt : 
# $1 : type (ex : image/png)
# $2 : image content id filename (match the cid:filename.png in html document)
# $3 : image content base64 encoded
# $4 : filename for the attached file if content id filename empty
function add_file {
    echo "--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY
Content-Type: $1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64" >> "$file_upload"

    if [ ! -z "$2" ]; then
        echo "Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Id: <$2>" >> "$file_upload"
    else
        echo "Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=$4" >> "$file_upload"
    fi
    echo "$3

" >> "$file_upload"
}

message_base64=$(cat message.html | base64)

echo "From: $mail_from
To: $mail_to
Subject: $mail_subject
Reply-To: $mail_reply_to
Cc: $mail_cc
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=\"MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY\"

--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=\"MULTIPART-ALTERNATIVE-BOUNDARY\"

--MULTIPART-ALTERNATIVE-BOUNDARY
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: inline

$message_base64
--MULTIPART-ALTERNATIVE-BOUNDARY--" > "$file_upload"

# add an image with corresponding content-id (here admin.png)
image_base64=$(curl -s "https://www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/1x/googlelogo_color_116x41dp.png" | base64)
add_file "image/png" "admin.png" "$image_base64"

# add the log file
log_file=$(cat log.txt | base64)
add_file "text/plain" "" "$log_file" "log.txt"

# add another image 
#image_base64=$(curl -s "https://www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/1x/googlelogo_color_116x41dp.png" | base64)
#add_file "image/png" "something.png" "$image_base64"

# end of uploaded file
echo "--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY--" >> "$file_upload"

# send email
echo "sending ...."
curl -s "$rtmp_url" \
     --mail-from "$rtmp_from" \
     --mail-rcpt "$rtmp_to" \
     --ssl -u "$rtmp_credentials" \
     -T "$file_upload" -k --anyauth
res=$?
if test "$res" != "0"; then
   echo "sending failed with: $res"
else
    echo "OK"
fi

关于bash - curl : send html email with embedded image and attachment，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44728855/

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