rust - 解构成对的 Box 时附带移动错误

Question

下面两行:

let x = Box::new(("slefj".to_string(), "a".to_string()));
let (a, b) = *x;

产生错误:

error[E0382]: use of moved value: `x`
 --> src/main.rs:3:13
  |
3 |     let (a, b) = *x;
  |          -  ^ value used here after move
  |          |
  |          value moved here
  |
  = note: move occurs because `x.0` has type `std::string::String`, which does not implement the `Copy` trait

有趣的是，如果我对枚举类型执行此操作，我会得到一个稍微不同的错误:

enum Tree {
    Nil,
    Pair(Box<Tree>, Box<Tree>),
}

fn main() {
    let x = Box::new(Tree::Nil);

    match *x {
        Tree::Pair(a, b) => Tree::Pair(a, b),
        _ => Tree::Nil,
    };
}

我得到错误:

error[E0382]: use of collaterally moved value: `(x:Tree::Pair).1`
  --> src/main.rs:10:23
   |
10 |         Tree::Pair(a, b) => Tree::Pair(a, b),
   |                    -  ^ value used here after move
   |                    |
   |                    value moved here
   |
   = note: move occurs because `(x:Tree::Pair).0` has type `std::boxed::Box<Tree>`, which does not implement the `Copy` trait

为什么会发生这种情况，如何使用 let/match 轻松破坏结构并获得内部部件的所有权？我知道我可以首先取消引用并命名结构，但如果我深入结构进行模式匹配，那会变得非常冗长。

Answer 1

您偶然发现了一个 limitation on destructuring and boxes .幸运的是，解决这些问题很容易。您需要做的就是引入一个包含整个结构的新中间变量，并从中解构:

let x = Box::new(("slefj".to_string(), "a".to_string()));
let pair = *x;
let (a, b) = pair;

第二个例子:

let pair = *x;
match pair {
    Tree::Pair(a, b) => Tree::Pair(a, b),
    _ => Tree::Nil,
};