Mysql ， SUM 列和 GROUP BY HOUR

Question

情况(简化):

表A

id |   date               | val
------------------------------
0    2018-02-19 00:01:00  | 10
1    2018-02-19 00:02:00  | 10
2    2018-02-19 00:03:00  | 10
..   2018-02-19 23:59:00  | 10

我需要执行一个查询，每小时返回 val 列的 SUM。

这是查询

SELECT `AllHours`.`hour` , COALESCE(SUM(`A`.`val`),0) AS `A`.`total`
FROM `tableA` AS `A`

RIGHT JOIN (
    SELECT  0 AS `hour`
    UNION ALL SELECT  1 UNION ALL SELECT  2 UNION ALL SELECT  3
         UNION ALL SELECT  4 UNION ALL SELECT  5 UNION ALL SELECT  6
         UNION ALL SELECT  7 UNION ALL SELECT  8 UNION ALL SELECT  9
         UNION ALL SELECT 10 UNION ALL SELECT 11 UNION ALL SELECT 12
         UNION ALL SELECT 13 UNION ALL SELECT 14 UNION ALL SELECT 15
         UNION ALL SELECT 16 UNION ALL SELECT 17 UNION ALL SELECT 18
         UNION ALL SELECT 19 UNION ALL SELECT 20 UNION ALL SELECT 21
         UNION ALL SELECT 22 UNION ALL SELECT 23
  )      AS `AllHours` ON HOUR(`A`.`date`) = `AllHours`.`hour`


WHERE `A`.`date` BETWEEN '2018-02-19 00:00:00' AND '2018-02-19 23:59:59' OR `A`.`date` IS NULL

GROUP BY `AllHours`.`hour`
ORDER BY `AllHours`.`hour`

结果

查询有效，但缺少 11 小时。

重要提示我需要整个小时，即使没有数据。否则我不会添加 RIGHT JOIN 并且 GROUP BY HOUR(date) 就足够了。

Answer 1

考虑使用数字表 - 请参阅下面的链接。这将为您提供所需的输出:

测试数据:

CREATE TABLE T   (`id` int, `dt` datetime, `val` int);        
INSERT INTO T    (`id`, `dt`, `val`) 
VALUES
    (0, '2018-02-19 00:01:00', 10),
    (1, '2018-02-19 00:02:00', 10),
    (2, '2018-02-19 00:03:00', 10),
    (4, '2018-02-19 01:01:00', 10),
    (5, '2018-02-19 01:02:00', 10),
    (6, '2018-02-19 02:03:00', 10)
;

SQL:

select 
  lpad(cast(HH as char(2)),2,'0') as hour,  
  sum(val) as sumVal from
(
    select 
      EXTRACT(HOUR from dt) AS HH,
      val
    from T 
    WHERE dt >= '2018-02-19 0:0:0' and dt < '2018-02-20 0:0:0'

    UNION ALL SELECT  0,0
    UNION ALL SELECT  1,0 UNION ALL SELECT  2,0  UNION ALL SELECT  3,0
    UNION ALL SELECT  4,0 UNION ALL SELECT  5,0  UNION ALL SELECT  6,0
    UNION ALL SELECT  7,0 UNION ALL SELECT  8,0 UNION ALL SELECT  9,0
    UNION ALL SELECT 10,0 UNION ALL SELECT 11,0 UNION ALL SELECT 12,0
    UNION ALL SELECT 13,0 UNION ALL SELECT 14,0 UNION ALL SELECT 15,0
    UNION ALL SELECT 16,0 UNION ALL SELECT 17,0 UNION ALL SELECT 18,0
    UNION ALL SELECT 19,0 UNION ALL SELECT 20,0 UNION ALL SELECT 21,0
    UNION ALL SELECT 22,0 UNION ALL SELECT 23,0
) as m
group by lpad(cast(HH as char(2)),2,'0')

得到你的输出:

hour    sumVal
00  30
01  20
02  10
03  0
04  0
05  0
06  0
07  0
08  0
09  0
10  0
11  0
12  0
13  0
14  0
15  0
16  0
17  0
18  0
19  0
20  0
21  0
22  0
23  0

如果您更频繁地需要它，请创建一个数字表并使用您已有的连接语法。如果没有数字表，您也可以在没有加入的情况下合并所有内容。

SO-阅读:

• MYSQL: Sequential Number Table
• Creating a "Numbers Table" in mysql

有了数字表，上面所有的大联合都可以重写为

UNION ALL SELECT  num, 0 from numbers where num between 0 and 23

或者您可以在其上使用连接和合并语法。

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